inconvenient extra effort excuse ... but sadly, we have family, friends, and neighbors who do not recycle. So, why don t they recycle trash?

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1 am. I can do it by myself. It s easy to set up. M What are you doing on the Internet, honey? W Well, I m looking for a dollhouse for your niece. I thought we d get her a dollhouse for her birthday. M That s good to hear. Hmm... This one looks like a bookshelf. Well, I don t like it. W Then, let s see the other ones. This one is made entirely of wood. I don t think she d like it. M I agree. How about this half-eggshaped one? It looks cool! W Yes, but I like this two-story house. There s a tree in the garden. M This house is built of brick. I don t think she d like it. W Look! This one looks like a palace. How nice! M Oh, I remember she has a princess doll. I think it goes well with this house. W Right. It s perfect for your niece. I ll order it right away. entirely 3 W Most of us believe that recycling trash is the right thing to do, but sadly, we have family, friends, and neighbors who do not recycle. So, why don t they recycle trash? Recycling is inconvenient. This seems to be the number one reason why people don t recycle trash. They don t want to put in the extra effort. Second, the lack of space is an excuse for many. People say, I do not have enough space for recycling trash in my house. Third, many people do not know the benefits of recycling trash, such as pollution reduction and energy saving. inconvenient extra effort excuse... but sadly, we have family, friends, and neighbors who do not recycle. So, why don t they recycle trash? 5 M Good afternoon. Can I help you? W Hi, I d like to have strawberry ice cream. How much is it? M It s two dollars a scoop. How many scoops do you want? W Um... Four scoops, please. M Okay. Would you like anything else? W Yes, I d like two milk shakes and two orange juices, too. How much are they? M Milk shakes are two dollars each and orange juices are three dollars each. W Then, the total of the drinks will be ten dollars, right? M That s right. For here or to go? W To go, please. Here s my credit card. flavor scoop 8 10 18 2 W Long time no see. I heard you had a baby. M Right. I feel fantastic! He s a real gem. He s really cute! W Congratulations! That s wonderful. M Thanks. W How much did he weigh? M Four kilograms. W Gosh! He s big! How is your wife feeling now? M She s feeling great. W Good to hear. You must be on cloud nine! M I am, I am. fantastic gem Gosh! on cloud nine Right. I feel fantastic! You must be on cloud nine! I am, I 4 M Oh, it s so cool! The weather is really nice. W Yeah, it feels very refreshing. M I m glad we decided to go camping instead of going to a swimming pool. W I agree. Let s set up the tent first. M I can do it by myself. It s easy to set up. W Really? Then, let me make something to eat. I m really hungry. M Me, too. We haven t eaten anything today except for some toast with fried eggs this morning. W How about instant spaghetti? Is that okay with you? M Sure! That s fine with me. W Okay! I ll cook the spaghetti while you re setting up the tent. instead of set up except for 6 M Well, we only have two weeks left before the summer vacation, and as you know, the school is going to run a volunteer camp during the vacation. Members of the camp will go to a local senior care center twice a week and do something for senior citizens there. However, so far, there are only eleven students who signed up for the camp. I m sure you will have a wonderful summer vacation by participating in this camp. It will be an unforgettable experience in your school life. Why don t you join the camp and make your summer vacation more rewarding? run local sign up for participate in rewarding 11

7 W Tom, I have a favor to ask you. M What is it? W I m working on a Korean speech contest script and I m having trouble coming up with the appropriate words in Korean. M My Korean isn t much better than yours. W What should I do then? Oh, you have a Korean friend, Minsu. Can you ask him to review the script for me? M Oh, okay. I ll ask him to do that for you, but it ll cost you a nice dinner. W Okay. I ll take both of you to a nice restaurant this weekend. script appropriate 8 [Phone rings.] W Hello. M Hi, Betty. This is Horace calling. W Oh, hello, Horace. Thank you for returning my call so quickly. M You re welcome. What seems to be the problem? W Well, when I woke up this morning, I noticed the bathroom floor was covered with water. M Really? Is the water still running? W Yes. Could you come as soon as possible and check what the problem is? M Okay. I ll come over right away. I think one of your water pipes may have burst. W And the power is out in the bathroom as well. Can you fix that, too? M Actually, you need to call an electrician for that job. I can t do electrical work. W Okay, I will. See you soon. burst electrician Actually, you need to call an electrician for that job. I can t do electrical work. 9 W So, how was your vacation? You went to Egypt, didn t you? M Yes, with some of my friends. It was wonderful! Let me show you some of my pictures taken there. W Sure. M First, we went to Giza. W Giza? What is it famous for? M It is best known for the worldfamous pyramids. Here. Look at this picture. W Wow! Great! Then, did you see the Sphinx as well? I heard that it is the largest structure created from a single piece of stone. M Yes, we did. It was fantastic. Here is the picture of it. W Amazing! I want to see it myself, too. Where else did you visit? M Oh, we went sailing on the Nile. This is the picture of it. W It looks fun. I guess you had a fantastic vacation. I envy you. structure fantastic 10 M Sally, what are you doing? W I m trying to order a gift for my boyfriend for Valentine s Day online. M Which do you want to order, chocolate or candy? W Of course, chocolate. I can t imagine Valentine s Day without chocolate. M Let me help you. How about milk chocolate? W No, I like dark chocolate. I heard it s good for health. M How much can you afford to spend on a box? W Well, up to seven dollars. M Then, you have two options. What shape of box do you like? W I prefer a heart-shaped one to a square-shaped one. It s Valentine s Day! M Good choice! can afford to up to option prefer A to B B A 7 11 Green Market M The Green Market will take place from May 17th through October 28th on Main Street. The market will sell farm-grown fruits and vegetables. All of our sellers take pride in growing and selling a wide variety of agricultural products. The market will take place on Tuesday and Thursday from 8:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m., and it ll be closed during the afternoon. Join us on Main Street between Court and Church Streets! Visitors can enjoy live music, free samples, and a fun atmosphere. There will be also a playground for children, so feel free to bring your kids. agricultural atmosphere The market will take place on Tuesday and Thursday from 8:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m., and it ll be closed during the afternoon. 12 W This restaurant is really crowded.

M Is it always as crowded as it is now? W No, it didn t use to be. M It must be getting more popular. W I think I preferred it when it was quieter. M Oh, the waiter is bringing our food now. We must have been waiting for about 40 minutes. W He isn t coming here. That s not our food. M You re right. It s for the table over there. How much longer do we have to wait? I can t stand it anymore. W I don t understand this. I ll never come here again. stand mad 40 13 M All of you may agree that it s not easy to teach your kids to behave well. Yeah, it s really hard to bring up your kids with good manners. Let me tell you one simple way of making your kids good children. Be a role model for them. Show them that you re doing the right things. They will follow your behavior. If you throw away trash on the street, your kids will do the same thing. If you make a phone call in a loud voice on the subway, your kids will do the same thing. It s up to you whether your kids behave well or not. Please be a role model for them. behave bring up behavior be up to Be a role model for them. 14 15 1415 1415 M Could I get something to drink? W Yes, we have wine, coffee, and soda. M Soda, please. W (pause) Here you are. M Thanks. When will our meals be served? W Dinner will be served a few hours into our flight. M Okay. What are our dinner choices? W You have a choice of chicken, fish, or beef. And there s also a vegetarian option. M That s nice. I m a vegetarian. Oh, by the way, these headphones don t seem to be working properly. W Really? Aren t you hearing any sound at all? M No, I m not. W Let me check them for you. (pause) Oh, you re right. I ll get another set for you right now. M Thank you. vegetarian properly 14 Dinner will be served a few hours into our flight. 15 I ll get another set for you right now. 16 M Honey, what is she doing? W She s jumping rope. M Oh, I forgot to feed the baby. W Really? So, that s why she s crying now. M What do you think of this place? W Well, it s not a good place to draw a picture. M Oh, is this your daughter? She is so cute. W Yes. It s a photo taken at her kindergarten graduation. M Excuse me, can you take a picture of us with this camera? W Sure. Which button do I have to press? feed kindergarten graduation 17 M Come on, Jenny. We re almost there. W You sure walk fast, Kevin. I can t keep up with you. M You should get more exercise. Oh, here s the crossing. Let s cross the road. W But, Kevin, the light is red. M It s all right. There are no cars coming. W But you must obey the traffic rules. M Look both ways. There are no cars. W But I still don t think it s good to cross on the red light. M So, you mean you are not going to cross the street? W keep up with crossing traffic rule 18 M Oh, you re home early. W Yes, hi! Did anyone call? M Yeah, your friend Christina called while you were out.

W Oh, what did she want? M She d like us to come to a party at her place on Friday night. W Friday is New Year s Eve, isn t it? We have tickets for a play. M Oh, I completely forgot... no, wait. New Year s Eve isn t on Friday it s on Saturday, and that s when we will see the play. W That s right. Then I guess we can go to Christina s party on Friday. M And this Sunday your parents are coming over. W Oh, of course. How could I forget? M play come over Wow! Our weekend is sure going to be very busy. 19 W Michael, I think we have to get off at this stop to go to the Rainbow Cinema. M No, we have to get off at the next stop. W I think we have to get off now. Oh, the bus is moving. Are you really sure? M Sure, believe me. W Okay, I ll trust you this time. M Don t worry. I am quite familiar with around here. Ah, make sure you have all your belongings. W All right. M And don t forget your cell phone. It s on the seat next to you. W Oh, I almost forgot about that. Thanks. M Oops, look! We re passing the cinema! You were right... my mistake. W get off make sure belongings relief 20 W Peter, you don t look good. What s wrong? M Well, it s the digital camera that I ordered online last week. W Why? Is there any problem with it? M Yeah, I haven t got it yet. You know, it s already been ten days since I ordered it. W Really? Things usually take three or four days to be delivered. Why don t you call them and ask about it? M I already did, but they just told me to wait, without even saying sorry. W Really? That s terrible! Where did you order the camera from? M T&T Online Shopping Mall. I don t think it s a good shopping mall. W Yeah, it should never take this long for delivery. M order deliver terrible 10 T T 21 W Are you feeling sick today? The weather may be the cause. For example, in August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. Southerners have heart attacks and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Midwest it is very hot at times and very cold at other times. People in these regions tend to have heart attacks after the weather changes in February or March. So, it can be said that. heart attack the weather has an effect on our health 22 Jessica Yuri M Jessica and Yuri are friends. They both like old romantic movies. Today Jessica invited Yuri to her house to see a romantic movie, Roman Holiday. They are having some popcorn and cola as they watch the movie. Suddenly, Yuri spills cola on the carpet. Jessica brings towels and they wipe the carpet. Yuri apologizes for spilling cola on the carpet. Jessica thinks it s no problem and she doesn t mind at all. In this situation, what would Jessica most likely say to Yuri? Jessica spill wipe apologize mind help yourself 23 flashlight fish blink signal it enemy 24

most likely lefty switch ambidextrous to to use thought that lefties A few 25 1 process contain break down disappear evergreen all year round to see to be seen 26 Matt Matt Matt 30Matt stare lifeguard aspen tremble trembling like an aspen leaf Matt 27 4 275g 180g compare in addition typical eco-friendly environment 28 to the ground bring under control put out scold know what caused something to happen 29 microscope remove magnet carry away rinse 30 evolution biology desired trait species population pass on resistance offspring Similarly however

31 unwillingness communicate verbal talkative insincere encouraged discouraged 32 270 10 206 90 200 infant vary twig changes join 200 lose 33 achievement of value seemingly labor at the heart of to the fullest the importance of teamwork 34 3 1 cause More than a third of employees get their stress from conflicts with their boss. 3 1 30 3 1 35 Kivalina 2011 386 98 64 1970 Kivalina Kivalina 50 20 3 edge census electric construct annual 1 Fahrenheit... these days rising temperature has been melting the ice, decreasing the area of the town by nearly 20 acres over the past 50 years. 36 match grateful 37 10 declare tropical set aside juggle

38 leak tragedy device spark detect built-in 39 plenty of be equipped with normal sneakers grip surface exist 40 kea kitten pounce paw hide-and-seek splash seal seaweed survival 41 43 E S S A Y & I N T E R V I E W II E S S A Y & I N T E R V I E W II II

seriously face attendant switch make sure descriptive 41 42 he one man the other man 43 44 45 4 9 4 4 produce young rate set out live through in time exhausted refuse head for theory 44 4 Lemmings Strange Journey to the Sea 45 death