Internal Parenthetical Citations
What is it? Internal parenthetical citations are a way to give credit to your source in order to avoid plagiarism The source information goes in parentheses after the information you are citing. You will lose points for any information that is not correctly cited. I WILL NOT ACCEPT ANY PROJECTS THAT DO NOT CONTAIN PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS
How do I include an internal parenthetical citation? GENERAL RULES If the first word in your source entry is the author s last name, then just put just the author s last name in parentheses (Author s Last Name) *The rules for plays are a bit different see the next slide If there is no author at all then use the title of the article ( Title of Article )
Hamlet Examples -Your citation should include Shakespeare and the act, scene, and line numbers. -Use a slash (/) to show the division between lines Direct Quote Hamlet says, "What is a man, / If his chief good and market of his time / Be but to sleep and feed" (Shakespeare 4.4.35-7). Summary Hamlet contemplates suicide, but decides that he is more afraid of what happens after death (Shakespeare 3.1. 63-75).
Online Source Examples Source 1: Pope, Loren. 40 Colleges that Change Lives. Penguin, 2012. Print. Citation: According to the dean, Juniata seniors talents have been doubled and sharpened, and they have been better equipped to cope, to adapt, and to take risks things they will have to do in this new world (Pope). Source 2: Attractions. Come Visit Huntingdon County. 2014. http:www.attractionshuntingdon.com. Accessed 5 Nov. 2016. Citation: Juniata is also just minutes away from Raystown Lake, which offers swimming and boating, and the historical 1000 Steps where visitors can hike up the mountain, following the path that miners forged in the early 1900s ( Attractions ).
Abbreviating Titles If your source has an author, always use the author s last name in your citation. If there is no author, you must use the article title. You may abbreviate the title for your in-text citations. Example: Sample Source: Seven Ways Hamlet Teaches You About Life and Death. Shakespeare Company, 9 Aug. 2016, www.shakespeare.com. Accessed 21 Mar. 2017. Sample Citation: Some important quote about life and death ( Seven Ways ).
What if two entries start out with the same title? Source 1: Juniata College. Nelnet Company, www.petersons.com, 2014. Accessed 4 Feb.2014. Source 2: Juniata College. NACAC. www.collegedata.com, 2014. Accesses 18 Feb. 2014. Citation for source 1 Juniata has about 1500 students ( Juniata College, Peterson s). Citation for Source 2 Majors at Juniata are called programs of emphasis ( Juniata College, College Data).
What if two entries have the same author? Source 1: Alchin, Linda. Elizabethan Music. Siteseen Ltd., www. Elizabethan.org, 2015. Accessed 4 Mar. 2015. Source 1: Alchin, Linda. Elizabethan Period. Siteseen Ltd., www. Elizabethan.org, 2015. Accessed 4 Mar. 2015. Citation for source 1 There was Church, Court, and Theater music ( Elizabethan Music ). Citation for Source 2 The new music was more refined ( Elizabethan Period ).
Important Notes The period ALWAYS goes after the citation in the sentence. Correct: Juniata has seven dormitories (Juniata College). Incorrect: Juniata has seven dormitories. (Juniata College). Keep the formatting from the entry on the works cited page. If the title is italicized on your W.C. page, italicize it in the parentheses. If it is in quotations marks on the W.C. page, put it in quotations in the parentheses. IF YOU ARE UNSURE HOW TO CITE SOMETHING, ASK!!!