CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Problem Literary works is a picture of life, and life is a social reality. Life includes relationship with people of a society, between humans, and between the events that happen in internal person (Damono, 2003:1). Literature can be divided into written and spoken literature. Here literature is not much connected in writing, but the language is used as form of expressing certain experiences or ideas. Literary works has various types that made by an author, like novel, poetry, short story, novella, and drama. The author makes the literary based on his creativity that he feels on his life or his imagination, the author gets the imagination through anywhere and anytime. The author takes a thing from situation around him that can be made the literary works, then he makes through writing, so the readers also feel what the author feels. In this study, the researcher is interested in researching a short story because it has an implicit word and requires a deeper understanding to comprehend a story. The short story that be examined by the researcher entitled Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant. It because waiter a bock short story has a psychological problem that described by the main character. In this short story, the researcher finds problem that makes repression to the character Des Barrets as main character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De
2 Maussapant. The researcher chooses Des Barrets as the main character because he has psychological problem in his life. So, the researcher interested to reveal Des Barrets, what character, characterization and what the psychological problem that he gets. Therefore, the researcher analyzes repression that occured on Des Barrets by using psychological approach. Analyzing about repression will be explained by the researcher through statement of the problem. B. Statement of the Problem Based on the background of the research, the problem can be formulated as follows: 1. Who are the character and characterization of Des Barrets character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant? 2. What are the internal conflicts described by Des Barrets character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant? 3. What is repression described by Des Barrets character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant? C. Purposes of the Research Based on the background and identification of the research, this research is aimed to the following matters: 1. To Describe the character and characterization of Des Barrets character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant.
3 2. To describe the internal conflicts described by Des Barrets character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant. 3. To describe repression described by Des Barrets character in Waiter a Bock by Guy De Maussapant. D. Significance of the Research This research aims to produce a text which describes and explains the character and characterizations of the main character, the internal conflict of the main character, and the repression of the main character which are faced by Des Barrets in Waiter a Bock short story. Based on the objectives, this research has two significances, the institutional significance and the social significance. The institutional significance of this research is this research can add student s knowledge about literature especially for students in Faculty of Foreign Language and Culture by getting the whole explanation about the character and characterization of the main character, the internal conflict, and the repression. Meanwhile, for the social significance, it can gets new information about conflict, especially internal conflict that gets by someone, someone s attitude when gets the problem, and someone s reaction on the problem that finds in this research that shown by Des Barrets as main character. This research may increase science perception about the analysis of literature especially short story and psychological literature especially the repression.
4 E. Scope of the Research In this research, the researcher focuses on the character Des Barrets in short story of Waiter a Bock. Based on the problem and objectives of the research that are achieved, the researcher restricts the research on the short story, what the conflict inside of Des Barrets as main character and the important one is the repression of Des Barrets. F. Underlying Theories In this research, the researcher uses the theory of repression from Sigmund Freud (2010). The theory describes the repression of Des Barrrets as the main character. G. Method of the Research 1. Research Approach a. Structural approach. Ratna states that purpose of the formal method is a scientific study about literary which concern in characteristics of text that considered to be artistic (2004: 49) the researcher determines the resources in the text. It is used to explain character and characterization of Des Barrets in waiter a bock short story. b. Psychological approach. It uses the basic personality structures: that is built by conscious, preconscious and unconscious condition. It explains the repression of Des Barrets as the main character in waiter a bock short story.
5 2. Method of Collecting Data In this research, the research determines by two categories of resources, the primary and secondary method. The main source of this research is Waiter a Bock short story by Guy De Maussapant. Meanwhile, the secondary one refers to library or online resources, contains many kinds of references, such as books, learning materials, and other supporting data, that are able to support the research and facilitate the researcher to get information in analyzing. 3. Organization of the Writing In order to facilitate readers in understanding this thesis, the researcher divides this thesis into five chapters as follows: Chapter I explains the background and problem of the research, the objectives and significances of the research, the scope of the research, the method of the research, and the thesis organization. Chapter II explains the biography of the author and the synopsis of the story. Chapter III explains the literary review which covers a related preview research, theoretical review that focuses on giving explanation to the structural analysis on the view of repression of Des Barrets as the main character, the conflict, and the internal conflict based on Sigmund Freud theory to describe repression of Des Barrets in Waiter a Bock short story by Guy De Maussapant.
6 Chapter IV explains the analysis of repression of Des Barrets, the conflict, the internal conflict that faced by Des Barrets in Waiter a Bock short story by Guy De Maussapant. Chapter V explains the closing which covers the conclusion of this research and the suggestion for the next research.