RDA FAQ PALS Acq/Cat/Ser Workday April 9, 2010 Metro State Sarah Quimby sarah.quimby@mnhs.org
WE NEED MORE THEORY, AND MORE OF THE PHILOSOPHY UNDERLYING CATALOGING THAN IS VISIBLE IN ANY CODE WE HAVE. RDA: What, When, and How
RDA: THAT S THE NEW AACR2, RIGHT? Yes kind of. RDA is the successor to AACR2, not a revision of it. Where AACR2 is based on and organized around ISBD, RDA is based on FRBR.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? ISBD: Title and statement of responsibility area Edition area Type and extent of resource area Publication, distribution, etc., area Physical description area Series area Note area Standard number (or alternative) and terms of availability area
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? FRBR: Illustration from: RDA Manifestation: Core Elements. http://rdaonline.org/manifestation_6_1_09-1.pdf Accessed April 3, 2010.
WHEN? JSC revision process began in 2004 Originally a revision of AACR2 called AACR3 A new approach was agreed upon in 2005 Drafts made available for public review in 2005, 2006, 2007 Final draft released in 2008 More information at: http://www.rdajsc.org/rda.html
WHEN? THE RDA TEST Full name: U.S. National Libraries RDA Test 26 partner organizations, consortia, or funnels, along with the LoC, NLM, and NAL Full list at: http://www.loc.gov/bibliographicfuture/rda/test-partners.html
WHEN: THE RDA TEST November 2009? January 2010? June 2010?
WHAT IS BEING TESTED? Cost to implement Ease of use Quality of data Consistency of data among catalogers Time to learn Catalogers experiences
HOW? THE RDA TEST Each partner organization will catalog the same set of materials using RDA (25 items) Each organization will then catalog an additional set of 25 items using RDA and AACR2, DACS, AMIM, CCO, or other metadata standard Materials used will represent the regular intake and workflow For the MHS, includes monographs, periodicals, microfilm, newspapers, photographs, digital resources, maps, manuscript collections, moving images, sound recordings, other archival collections
WHEN WILL RDA BE IMPLEMENTED?
AT ALMOST EVERY GATHERING WHERE THE DEFICIENCIES OF THE CODE HAVE BEEN AIRED DURING THE LAST FIVE YEARS, SOMEONE HAS INVARIABLY MENTIONED THE NEED FOR BETTER DEFINITIONS OF THE TERMS USED IN CATALOGING [.] IT WAS FOUND THAT THE SAME TERM DID NOT MEAN THE SAME THING IN DIFFERENT LIBRARIES OR EVEN TO DIFFERENT CATALOGERS IN THE SAME LIBRARY. RDA: Vocabulary
FRBR VOCABULARY: ENTITIES, ATTRIBUTES, AND RELATIONSHIPS Group 1 entities: Works, Expressions, Manifestations, Items Attributes: Titles of work, form, date, intended audience, key; Language, extensibility; Statement of responsibility, extent, place of publication; Provenance, Marks Group 2 entities: Person, Corporate Body Attributes: Name, associated dates, numbers (as for conferences) Group 3 entities: Concept, Object, Event, Place Attributes: Terms for the concept, object, event, and place
WORKS, EXPRESSIONS, MANIFESTATIONS, ITEMS Work: a distinct intellectual or artistic creation and the content thereof Expression: the intellectual or artistic realization of a work in the form of alpha-numeric, musical or choreographic notation, sound, image, object, movement, etc., or any combination of such forms Manifestation: the physical embodiment of an expression of a work Item: a single exemplar or instance of a manifestation
WORKS, EXPRESSIONS, MANIFESTATIONS, ITEMS Illustration from Hegna, Knut. Using FRBR. HEP Libraries webzine. Issue 10 (Dec. 2004). http://library.web.cern.ch/library/webzine/10/papers/1/ Accessed April 3, 2010.
WORKS, EXPRESSIONS, MANIFESTATIONS, ITEMS 1001 a Bukowski, Charles. 24010 a Dreamlessly 24510 a So many many many / c [words, Charles Bukowski ; images, Fred Hagstrom, Graham Fransella ; design, Fred Hagstrom ; printing assistance, Molly Kent] 260 a [United States : b s.n., c 2005] 300 a 1 v. : b ill. ; c 37 cm. Attribute of the person Attribute of the work Attributes of the manifestation
WORKS, EXPRESSIONS, MANIFESTATIONS, ITEMS 500 a "'Dreamlessly' from Burning in water, drowning in flame: selected poems, 1955-1973, by Charles Bukowski, copyright (c) 1963... 1974 by Charles Bukowski. Reprinted by permission of Harper Collins Publishers"---Colophon. 500 a 20 copies. 590 a MHS: copy #18 of 20. 650 0 a Artists' books z United States. 650 0 a Fine books z United States. 7001 a Hagstrom, Fred. 7001 a Bukowski, Charles. t Burning in water, drowning in flame. k Selections. f 2005. 7001 a Fransella, Graham. Relationship to other work Attribute of the manifestation Attribute of the item Attribute of the related concepts Attribute of the related person Attribute of the related work
RESOURCES AND ELEMENTS Resource: That which is being cataloged Elements: Formerly known as areas The building blocks of the description, such as titles, statements of responsibility, place of publication, etc.
CORE, CORE IF Core elements are mandatory for a national level record Core if elements are added if necessary to distinguish the work Core and core if elements for manifestations are listed in RDA 1.3 ( Core Elements )
SOME MORE VOCABULARY Access point (formerly known as the heading) Access point for creator or title of a work (Formerly known as the main entry) Creator (formerly known as the author) Preferred title (formerly known as the uniform title) Identifier (formerly known as the standard number) RDA includes a 47-page glossary
POP QUIZ
THE TYPOGRAPHY OF THE FIRST EDITION LEFT MUCH TO BE DESIRED. RDA: How am I supposed to use this thing?
RDA: THE DOCUMENT 38 chapters, 13 appendices, 1 glossary: over 1600 pages in all Contains a great deal of the everything related to description: LCRI, special instructions for music, law, etc.
WHERE S THE CHAPTER ON BOOKS? A big difference from AACR2: no more chapters devoted to one format (books, cartographic materials, continuing resources ) The overarching principle of entity-attribute relationships applies to all formats New formats are constantly being created The line between content and carrier is becoming increasingly blurred
WHERE S THE CHAPTER ON BOOKS? Chapters 1-7 identify the resource Chapters 8-11, 16 identify the person, family, and/or corporate body associated with the resource Chapters 17-22 identify relationships between persons, families, corporate bodies and resources Chapters 24-28 identify relationships between resources Chapters 29-32 identify relationships between persons, families, and corporate bodies Mapping to MARC is in Appendices D and E Exampes are in Appendix M
HOW AM I SUPPOSED TO USE THIS THING? Don t use the print version! RDA was designed to be an online tool You re not supposed to read it from beginning to end
RDA TOOLKIT Watch the webinar at: http://rdaonline.org/rdavideos.html If you can use Cataloger s Desktop, you can use the Toolkit Access to the Toolkit will be free during the first three months of its release
HOW TO CATALOG WITH RDA 1. Decide what you are cataloging 2. Determine the level of cataloging (comprehensive, analytical, hierarchical?) 3. Record the title proper, title, statement of responsibility, edition, place of publication, dates associated with the resource, carrier, media, content, indentifying numbers, and other relevant information Sound familiar?
AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS AND RDA BUGBEARS
RDA TREATMENT OF AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS No more abbreviations (for the most part) For s.l., use [Place of publication not identified] For s.n., use [publisher not identified] Instead of n.d., guess the probable date Don t use ca. with the date Use 130 $a Bible. $p New Testament or $p Old Testament instead of $p N.T. or $p O.T. Don t use col. ill., p., v., i.e., or c with a date (c2009) Use coloured illustrations, pages, volumes, that is, and or copyright 2009
RDA TREATMENT OF AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS, CONT. Supply missing information, whenever possible 260 $c [between 2008 and 2010] 260 $a [Place of publication not identified] : $b [publisher not identified], $c [date of publication not identified] Exception: when supplying place of publication, do not supply the higher jurisdiction: 260 $a [Uhrichsville], not [Uhrichsville, Ohio]
RDA TREATMENT OF AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS, CONT. Supply missing information, whenever possible, continued For compilations of works by different authors lacking a collective title, devise a title proper 245 $a [Two United States Midwest memoirs] 505 $t Community band concerts / $r Sharon Polk -- $t Fall harvest festivals / $r Terri Swanson.
RDA TREATMENT OF AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS, CONT. Don t use the rule of three Transcribe all names in the statement of responsibility as found, or transcribe the first name and add [and five others] Do not omit titles, initials of societies, mottoes, etc., in the statement of responsibility When recording place of publication, use the first place listed no home country provision
RDA TREATMENT OF AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS, CONT. Describe what you see, and transcribe as found Do not abbreviate edition statements or convert numerals 250 $a Second revised edition For serials, transcribe terms and months as found 362 0# $a Volume XXIII, number 6- Do not correct mistakes or misinformation; instead record as found and explain in a note 245 00 $a Carver County cemetary transcriptions 246 3 $i Corrected title: $i Carver County cemetery transcriptions However, DO correct errors in serial titles
RDA TREATMENT OF AACR2 SHIBBOLETHS, CONT. More describe what you see, and transcribe as found 260 $a New York : 500 $a Actually published in Newark RDA s rules for capitalization and punctuation are generally the same as AACR2; however RDA does provide two alternatives: To use an in-house or other preferred style manual for punctuation, capitalization, etc.; and, To accept data as found if it is created by scanning or downloading
NEW IN RDA Families and non-human entities are now bibliographic identities 100 1 Piggy, Miss. 245 10 Miss Piggy s guide to life 100 1 Stilton, Geronimo. 245 10 Wedding crasher
NEW IN RDA Some new MARC fields and subfields: 336 to record content (repeatable) 337 to record media (repeatable) 338 to record carrier (repeatable) 7XX $i to record relationship information A full list is at: http://www.loc.gov/marc/rdainmarc29.html Many of the new fields have been implemented in OCLC with Technical Bulletin 257: http://www.oclc.org/support/documentation/world cat/tb/257/default.htm
CATALOGING WITH RDA The Library of Congress will be using ISBD punctuation, and we can too While RDA is standard-neutral, we can use MARC Code the LDR/18 (a.k.a., the Desc fixed field) as i Use 040 $e rda
CATALOGING WITH RDA EXAMPLE 1001 $a Bukowski, Charles. 24010 $a Dreamlessly 24510 $a So many many many / $c [words, Charles Bukowski ; images, Fred Hagstrom, Graham Fransella ; design, Fred Hagstrom ; printing assistance, Molly Kent] 260 $a [United States : $b publisher not identified, $c 2005] 300 $a 1 volume : $ b illustrations ; $c 37 cm. 336 $a text $2 marccontent 337 $a unmediated $2 marcmedia 338 $a volume $2 marccarrier
CATALOGING WITH RDA EXAMPLE, CONT. 500 $a "'Dreamlessly' from Burning in water, drowning in flame: selected poems, 1955-1973, by Charles Bukowski, copyright (c) 1963... 1974 by Charles Bukowski. Reprinted by permission of Harper Collins Publishers"---Colophon. 500 $a 20 copies. 590 $a MHS: copy #18 of 20. 650 0 $a Artists' books $z United States. 650 0 $a Fine books $z United States. 7001 $a Hagstrom, Fred. $e illustrator $e designer 7001 $i Adaptation of $a Bukowski, Charles. $t Burning in water, drowning in flame. $k Selections. $f 2005. 7001 $a Fransella, Graham $e illustrator 7001 $a Kent, Molly $e printer
THE RESULT IS THAT RESEARCH WORKERS AND PEOPLE COMPILING BIBLIOGRAPHIES COME TO HAVE A SCORN FOR CATALOGING RULES AND CATALOGERS, AND SET UP THEIR OWN RULES. RDA: Why?
WHY RDA? Takes into account the modern metadata environment: the proliferation of metadata everywhere, not just libraryproduced metadata Metadata and metadata exchange is much more international than before Is aware of the new discovery environment : no longer are library catalogs standalone; web information is not static either, but interconnected and imbedded FRBR written to address to entities, attributes, and relationships, can take advantage of semantic web technology
WHY RDA? CONT. Brings the accepted library content standard into line with, or more compatible with, other content standards (DACS, ONIX) Modifies the content standard to take advantage of the metadata produced by a number of different metadata communities, take advantage of data produced upstream Coincides, coincidentally, with the Library of Congress s 2008 report, On the Record: Report of The Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control http://www.loc.gov/bibliographicfuture/news/lcwg-ontherecord-jan08-final.pdf
DO I HAVE TO? RDA will probably not be implemented until 2011, at the earliest If the three national libraries adopt RDA, AACR2 will not be kept up More and more copy cataloging will be in RDA You will not have to re-edit existing records in your database to the RDA standard; they can remain in AARC2 (and even AACR, if you have them)
WHAT HAS PALS DONE? 336, 337, 338 fields are indexed WCO= for 336 WME= for 337 WCA= for 338 Great opportunities for ILS vendors to create shortcuts and type-aheads for long strings of text, drop-down menus for controlled vocabularies, XML-based systems
HOW CAN I PREPARE? Constituency Review. http://www.rdaonline.org/constituencyreview/ (Otherwise known as the full final draft of RDA.) Chapter 0 describes the background and theoretical framework of RDA; Chapter 1 discusses the organization and vocabulary. Hitchens, Alison, and Symons, Ellen. Preparing Catalogers for RDA Training. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47:8 (2009): p.691-707. International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. Statement of International Cataloguing Principles. (2009) http://www.ifla.org/files/cataloguing/icp/icp_2009-en.pdf International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records : Final Report. September 1997, 2009). http://www.ifla.org/vii/s13/frbr RDA Toolkit Webinar. http://rdaonline.org/rdavideos.html Tillett, Barbara B. Changes from AACR2 for Texts. Presented at the ABA Supervisors Forum, November 4, 2009. http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/staffweb/depts/cat/rdachangestexts.ppt
TWELVE POINTS TO REMEMBER 1. [Focus on] User needs/user tasks 2. "Take what you see" (representation principle) 3. "Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item" 4. Core and Core if elements 5. Alternatives, optional omissions, optional additions 6. Fewer abbreviations 7. Relationships, relationships, relationships
TWELVE POINTS TO REMEMBER 8. Content, media, and carrier types [There are new MARC fields for these: the 336, 337, 338. These also get their own controlled vocabularies: http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relaothr.html#r ela336b. Or we can use another.] 9. No more "rule of three": instead, use cataloger's judgment 10. Sources for information expanded [for example, we can use the title from the container for a movie's title, rather than having to view the movie]
TWELVE POINTS TO REMEMBER 11. Controlled vocabularies 12. Identifying characteristics as building blocks for future linked data systems, facilitated by RDA's structure of elements, sub-elements, and element sub-types (for system designers)
QUESTIONS?
NOTES Quote on Slide 2 from New York Regional Groups of Catalogers: Summary of Discussion of Need for Revision of Catalog Code. Catalogers and Classifiers Yearbook. No. 3 (1932). Chicago: American Library Association, 1933.pp.20-29. Quote on Slide 12 are from: Gjelsness, Rudolph. Cooperation in Catalog Code Revision. Catalogers and Classifiers Yearbook. No. 6 (1937). Chicago: American Library Association, 1937. pp.65-70. Quotes on Slides 22 and 40 have been taken from: Hanson, J.C.M. Revision of A.L.A. Catalog Rules. Catalogers and Classifiers Yearbook. No. 3 (1932). Chicago: American Library Association, 1933. pp. 7-19. Twelve Points to Remember on slides 47-49 were taken from the RDA Test Train the Trainer materials distributed to test libraries on January 5, 2010, as was the second example on slide 31