Vocab and Literary Terms Connotations that is by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly. Words carry cultural and emotional associations or meanings, in addition to their literal meanings. Allusion When the refers to a such as a,, or by way of a passing reference. The reader has to make a connection. Extended Metaphor a comparison between things that throughout a series of in a paragraph, or lines in a poem. It is often comprised of more than one sentence, and sometimes consists of a full paragraph. Onomatopoeia The formation of the sound of the noise or action designated, such as Repetition. The of any element of a sound, a word, a phrase, a line, or a stanza- Anaphora a particular kind of in which the 1
or is repeated at the beginnings or two or more successive clauses or Alliteration the use of the (consonantal alliteration) or of a, not necessarily the same vowel sound(vocalic alliteration), at the Assonance of each word or each syllable in a of verse. repetition of within words Consonance: repetition of within or at the ends of words Meter Meter is a unit of in poetry, the of the. It is also called a foot. Each foot has a certain number of syllables in it, usually two or three syllables. The difference in types of meter is which syllables are accented and which are not. RHYME TYPE EXAMPLES End rhyme The literary work rhymes at the end of the line. Internal rhyme The literary work rhymes somewhere in the middle of the line. Slant Rhyme sounds of words are but not. 2
Eye Rhyme words are spelled similarly but pronounced differently Enjambment The of a sentence or phrase From poetic line, without terminal (ending) punctuation. Stanza that creates a basic unit of form in poetry Couplet 2 consecutive, often rhymed lines of poetry Quatrain stanza of 4 lines Sestet stanza of 6 lines Octave stanza of 8 lines RHYME SCHEME- THE CONSISTENT PATTERN OF RHYME THROUGHOUT THE POEM 4 main types of Rhyme Scheme in poetry ABAB AABB AAAA ABBA ABAB ABAB is the rhyme scheme. It is also called alternate rhyme. To write in the ABAB rhyme scheme: Rhyme line 1 with line 3 Rhyme line 2 with line 4 AABB This scheme a section of four lines into rhymed couplets 3
AAAA ABBA To write AABB Lines 1 and 2 have end rhyme Lines 3 and 4 have end rhyme of the lines end in rhyme To write this Every line must end in rhyme that matches the first line. Line 1and 2. line 1 and 3, line 1 and 4, line 1 and 5 etc A rhyming pair inside another rhyming pair Poetic Forms FORM (the structure of poetry) Refers to a particular structure or organization of a piece of literature. Free verse is a form of poetry Poetry is written in closed or open form. Open form poetry is characterized by the lack of pattern. The content creates the form. Punctuation, line breaks, and white spaces become very important in open form poetry. Closed form poetry is characterized by recognizable patterns. The content fits into the form. Open Form Free Verse describes poetry a fixed or and. Concrete Poems have pictures, are more of a visual than a literary form, and are related to pop art 4
Closed Forms Shaped Poems- Words create a picture or pattern; content is more than shape (opposite of concrete poems); shape complements content; content follows general grammatical rules Haiku- Japanese; Syllabic poetry syllables total; First line: syllables; Second line: syllables; Third line: syllables; Often a seasonal reference; Implied identification of perceiver (poet) with subject (poem) Limerick- line poem; First line ends in the proper name of a or ; Rhyme scheme ; Follows a specific Sonnet (Petrarchan) or (Shakespearean) Italian (Petrarchan) Octave ( line stanza, ) presents problem Sestet ( line stanza,,, or ) resolution or meditation upon problem English (Shakespearean) quatrains (4 line stanzas, ) present similar images couplet (2 line stanza, ) presents resolution It is lines written in iambic pentameter 5