LOGIC, LANGUAGE AND REASONING

LOGIC, LANGUAGE AND REASONING

TRENDS IN LOGIC Studia Logica Library VOLUME 5 Managing Editor Ryszard W6jcicki, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Editors Petr Hajek, Institute of Computer Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic David Makinson, Ville d'avray, France Daniele Mundici, Department of Computer Sciences, University of Milan, Italy Krister Segerberg, Department of Philosophy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Alasdair Urquhart, Department of Philosophy, University of Toronto, Canada Assistant Editor Jacek Malinowski, Box 61, UPT 00-953, Warszawa 37, Poland SCOPE OF THE SERIES Trends in Logic is a bookseries covering essentially the same area as the journal Studia Logica - that is, contemporary formal logic and its applications and relations to other disciplines. These include artificial intelligence, informatics, cognitive science, philosophy of science, and the philosophy of language. However, this list is not exhaustive, moreover, the range of applications, comparisons and sources of inspiration is open and evolves over time.

LOGIC, LANGUAGE AND REASONING Essays in Honour of Dov Gabbay Edited by HANS JÜRGEN OHLBACH King s College, London, United Kingdom and UWEREYLE University 0/ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany... " SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-94-010-5936-7 ISBN 978-94-011-4574-9 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-4574-9 Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1999 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1999 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

Photograph by Elsbeth Mastenbroek Reproduced with kind permission

Preface This volume is dedicated to Dov Gabbay who celebrated his 50 th birthday in October 1995. Dov is one of the most outstanding and most productive researchers we have ever met. He has exerted a profound influence in major fields of logic, linguistics and computer science. His contributions in the areas of logic, language and reasoning are so numerous that a comprehensive survey would already fill half of this book. Instead of summarizing his work we decided to let him speak for himself. Sitting in a car on the way to Amsterdam airport he gave an interview to Jelle Gerbrandy and Anne-Marie Mineur. This recorded conversation with him, which is included gives a deep insight into his motivations and into his view of the world, the Almighty and, of course, the role of logic. In addition, this volume contains a partially annotated bibliography of his main papers and books. The length of the bibliography and the broadness of the topics covered there speaks for itself. The authors of the papers in this volume are, by far, not all of his close colleagues and friends. Therefore this book can only be the first in a series of books dedicated to him. Most of the articles included build on his work and present results or summarize areas where Dov has made major contributions. The fact that one cannot avoid having him as coauthor in his own festschrift confirms what he said in the interview: "I try to work in these areas in such a way that when, sooner or later, the roads come together, like on a roundabout, it will be Gabbay coming from this way, Gabbay coming from that way... " Hans Jiirgen Ohlbach and Uwe Reyle Vll

Contributions Dov Gabbay: "I am a logic" Research Themes of Dov Gabbay Proofs, Labels and Dynamics in Natural Language J ohan van Benthem What a Linguist Might Want From a Logic of MOST and Other 43 Generalized Quantifiers Hans Kamp Imperative History: Two-dimensional Executable Temporal Logic 73 Marcelo Finger and Mark Reynolds Diagrammatic Reasoning in Projective Geometry 99 Philippe Balbiani and Luis Farinas del Cerro On Sentences of the Kind "Sentence 'p' is About Topic t" 115 Robert Demolombe and Andrew J.I. Jones Two Traditions in the Logic of Belief: Bringing them Together 135 Krister Segerberg Elimination of Predicate Quantifiers 149 Andreas Nonnengart, Hans Jiirgen Ohlbach and Andrzej Szalas Labelled Natural Deduction 173 Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz and Dov M. Gabbay A General Reasoning Scheme for Underspecified Representations 251 Esther Konig and Uwe Reyle Deductive Systems and Categories in Linguistics Joachim Lambek Towards a Procedural Model of Natural-language Interpretation 295 Crossover: A Case Study Ruth Kempson 1 13 31 279 IX

Transformation Methods in LDS Krysia Broda, Marcello D' Agostino and Alessandra Russo Labelled Deduction in the Composition of Form and Meaning 377 Michael Moortgat Formalisms for Non-formal Languages 401 Julius M. Moravcsik Names Index 417 Index 422 335 ix