Preview of Literary Terms 31-35 9/24/14 1
31. Oxymoron When two words are put together that contradict each other. Opposites Jumbo Shrimp Pretty Ugly Freezer Burn
32. parallelism the use of corresponding sentence structure syntactical forms For example: Phrases should be paired with phrases; clauses should be paired with clauses. 9/24/14 3
Parallelism Exercise: Identify and correct the parallelism errors in each of the following sentences. 9/24/14 4
1. An actor knows how to memorize his lines and getting into character. 9/24/14 5
1. An actor knows how to memorize his lines and getting into character. 9/24/14 6
1. An actor knows how to memorize his lines and get into character. 9/24/14 7
2. Tell me where you were, what you were doing, and your reasons for doing it. 9/24/14 8
2. Tell me where you were, what you were doing, and your reasons for doing it. 9/24/14 9
2. Tell me where you were, what you were doing, and why you were doing it. 9/24/14 10
3. Clark's daily exercises include running, swimming, and to lift weights. 9/24/14 11
3. Clark's daily exercises include running, swimming, and to lift weights. 9/24/14 12
3. Clark's daily exercises include running, swimming, and lifting weights. 9/24/14 13
4. To donate money to the homeless shelter is helping people stay warm in the winter. 9/24/14 14
4. To donate money to the homeless shelter is helping people stay warm in the winter. 9/24/14 15
4. To donate money to the homeless shelter is to help people stay warm in the winter. 9/24/14 16
5. Jim not only likes working outside but also getting dirty. 9/24/14 17
5. Jim not only likes working outside but also getting dirty. 9/24/14 18
5. Jim likes not only working outside but also getting dirty. 9/24/14 19
6. We followed the path through the forest, over the hill, and we went across the river. 9/24/14 20
6. We followed the path through the forest, over the hill, and we went across the river. 9/24/14 21
6. We followed the path through the forest, over the hill, and across the river. 9/24/14 22
7. The writer was brilliant but a recluse. (recluse: one who lives in solitude) 9/24/14 23
7. The writer was brilliant but a recluse. (recluse: one who lives in solitude) 9/24/14 24
7. The writer was brilliant but reclusive. 9/24/14 25
8. After the party, we want to either go to a movie or the diner. 9/24/14 26
8. After the party, we want to either go to a movie or the diner. 9/24/14 27
8. After the party, we want to go to either a movie or the diner. 9/24/14 28
9. She told Jake to take out the trash, to mow the lawn, and be listening for the phone call. 9/24/14 29
9. She told Jake to take out the trash, to mow the lawn, and be listening for the phone call. 9/24/14 30
9. She told Jake to take out the trash, to mow the lawn, and to listen for the phone call. 9/24/14 31
10. Marcie studied for the test by reviewing her class notes and she read her textbook. 9/24/14 32
10. Marcie studied for the test by reviewing her class notes and she read her textbook. 9/24/14 33
10. Marcie studied for the test by reviewing her class notes and reading her textbook. 9/24/14 34
33. personification human qualities assigned to animals or objects 9/24/14 35
Personification Giving human traits to objects or ideas. Examples The sunlight danced. Water on the lake shivers. The streets are calling me.
Jimi Hendrix: The Wind Cries, Mary May 24 th, 1967 Stockholm, Sweden http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf-mtd2a1di 9/24/14 37
After all the jacks are in their boxes and the clowns have all gone to bed, you can hear happiness staggering on down the street, footprints dressed in red. And the wind whispers, Mary. A broom is drearily sweeping up the broken pieces of yesterday s life. Somewhere a queen is weeping. Somewhere a king has no wife. And the wind, it cries Mary. 9/24/14 38
The traffic lights they turn up blue tomorrow and shine their emptiness down on my bed. The tiny island sags downstream cause the life that lived is dead. And the wind screams, Mary. Will the wind ever remember the names it has blown in the past? With its crutch, its old age, and its wisdom it whispers No. This will be the last. And the wind cries, Mary. 9/24/14 39
Identifying the Elements of A Plot Diagram Student Notes
Plot (definition) Plot is the organized pattern or sequence of events that make up a story. Every plot is made up of a series of incidents that are related to one another.
Plot development: the method or order in which the plot is unfolded
Plot Diagram 3 1 2 4 5
1. Exposition and Inciting Moment This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the story. Inciting Moment: we are introduced to the main conflict (main problem).
2. Rising Action This part of the story begins to develop the conflict(s). A building of interest or suspense occurs.
3. Climax This is the turning point of the story. Usually the main character comes face to face with a conflict. The main character will change in some way.
4. Falling Action All loose ends of the plot are tied up. The conflict (s) and climax are taken care of.
5. Denouement The story comes to a reasonable ending.
Putting It All Together 1. Exposition 2. Rising Action Beginning of Story 3. Climax Middle of Story 4. Falling Action 5. Denouement End of Story
Narrative Perspective Author s Point of View
Identifying Narrative Perspective It's about the narrator (who tells the story) We're not looking at dialogue. We don't care what characters say. Only the narrator's voice matters.
Pronoun Case We are trying to figure out the narrator's view point on the story. Perspectives and Signal Words First-Person I, me, my, mine, we, us, ours, Second-Person you, your Third-Person he, she, her, they, them (also character's names)
Secret I am in the room I = 1 st Person You come in the room. You = 2 nd Person Then he or she came in the room. He or She = 3 rd Person
First-Person Narrator is a part of the story (character). Often uses I or we. Example I went home. Tim came over. I couldn't play.
Second-Person Usually for instructions Uses You ; from your perspective. Examples First, gather your materials. Add 1 cup sugar to flour.
Third-Person Narrator usually isn t involved. Tells other's stories. Lots of He, She, & character names. Three Types of Third-Person Narration Does the narrator tell Thoughts and Feelings of Characters?
Third-Person Omniscient Narrator is all knowing. Narrator tells thoughts and feelings of more than one character. Omni = All Scient = Knowing Example Tim was mad at Shay. He blamed her. Shay knew Tim would be mad, but she wanted to live her life.
Third-Person Limited Narrator is limited to one character. Tells thoughts & feelings of one character Example Tim was mad at Shay. He blamed her. Shay just left without saying anything. She left a note and then left him.
Third-Person Objective Narrator does not reveal any character s thoughts or feelings. Only character s dialogue and actions are narrated. Example Tim slammed the door. He walked upstairs & read a note from Shay. He kicked her trash can & started crying.
Tips on Identifying Check 1st or 2nd-person before worrying about objective, limited, or omniscient. Ask, Who s story is the narrator telling: his, mine, or someone else s? Focus on narration not dialogue.