INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL KML.F Fiber Optic Interface Main Link Kilomux Module The Access Company
KML.F Fiber Optic Interface Main Link Kilomux Module Installation and Operation Manual Notice This manual contains information that is proprietary to RAD Data Communications Ltd. ("RAD"). No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without prior written approval by RAD Data Communications. Right, title and interest, all information, copyrights, patents, know-how, trade secrets and other intellectual property or other proprietary rights relating to this manual and to the KML.F and any software components contained therein are proprietary products of RAD protected under international copyright law and shall be and remain solely with RAD. KML.F is a registered trademark of RAD. No right, license, or interest to such trademark is granted hereunder, and you agree that no such right, license, or interest shall be asserted by you with respect to such trademark. You shall not copy, reverse compile or reverse assemble all or any portion of the Manual or the KML.F. You are prohibited from, and shall not, directly or indirectly, develop, market, distribute, license, or sell any product that supports substantially similar functionality as the KML.F, based on or derived in any way from the KML.F. Your undertaking in this paragraph shall survive the termination of this Agreement. This Agreement is effective upon your opening of the KML.F package and shall continue until terminated. RAD may terminate this Agreement upon the breach by you of any term hereof. Upon such termination by RAD, you agree to return to RAD the KML.F and all copies and portions thereof. For further information contact RAD at the address below or contact your local distributor. International Headquarters RAD Data Communications Ltd. 24 Raoul Wallenberg Street Tel Aviv 69719, Israel Tel: 972-3-6458181 Fax: 972-3-6498250, 6474436 E-mail: market@rad.com North America Headquarters RAD Data Communications Inc. 900 Corporate Drive Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA Tel: (201) 5291100, Toll free: 1-800-4447234 Fax: (201) 5295777 E-mail: market@radusa.com 1988 2008 RAD Data Communications Ltd. Publication No. 420-225-02/08
Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Applications...1-1 1.2 Functional Description...1-1 Fiber Optic Interface...1-2 Timing...1-2 Diagnostics...1-3 1.3 Technical Specifications...1-3 Chapter 2. Installation and Operation 2.1 Installation...2-1 Rear Panel...2-1 2.2 Module Installation...2-2 2.3 Normal Indications...2-3 Chapter 3. Configuration 3.1 Configuration Instructions...3-1 3.2 Module Parameters...3-1 Chapter 4. Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 4.1 Alarm Messages...4-1 4.2 Diagnostics...4-2 Test Types...4-2 Local Main Link Loop...4-2 Local Main Link Loop Signal Path...4-2 Local Main Link Loop Normal Indications...4-2 Remote Main Link Loop...4-3 Remote Main Link Loop Signal Path...4-3 Remote Main Link Loop Normal Indications...4-4 KML.F Kilomux-2100 i
Table of Contents Installation and Operation Manual ii KML.F Kilomux-2100
Chapter 1 Introduction The KML.F module is a fiber-optic main link interface module for the Kilomux Modular High Speed TDM Multiplexer. The KML.F module supports composite link data rates of 128, 192, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024 and 1536 kbps, and provides the functions required for transport of the composite data stream generated by the Kilomux over fiber-optic links. The use of fiber-optic interface provides a secure link in hazardous or hostile environments, increases the maximum connection range, and achieves immunity against electrical interference and protection against the harmful effects of ground loops. 1.1 Applications Figure 1-1 shows a typical application for KML.F modules, which enables direct connection of Kilomux systems by fiber-optic cables. Figure 1-1. Use of KML.F Modules for Connecting Kilomux Systems via the Fiber-optic Cables 1.2 Functional Description The KML.F module can be installed either alone in a Kilomux enclosure, or together with another main link interface module. The other interface module can be freely selected, in accordance with the requirements of the specific application. The only restriction is that a KML.F module cannot be installed as a backup module when the switched backup mode is used. KML.F Kilomux-2100 Functional Description 1-1
Chapter 1 Introduction Installation and Operation Manual Fiber Optic Interface The fiber-optic link interface of the KML.F module uses a proprietary signaling format that ensures optimum performance. To optimally meet a wide range of system requirements, the fiber-optic interface can be ordered for operation over 62.5/125 micron multi-mode fibers (typical attenuation -3.5 db/km), as well as over low-loss 9/125-micron single-mode fibers (typical attenuation -0.4 db/km). Each option can be ordered with ST or FC-PC connectors. Table 1-1 provides information on the characteristics of the optical interface. Table 1-1. Fiber-Optic Interface Characteristics Wavelength Fiber Type Transmitter Power Type Coupled into Fiber Receiver Sensitivity Optical Budget Maximum Receiver Input Power Receiver Dynamic Range Range 850 nm 62.5/125 mm LED -18 dbm -38 dbm 20 db -10 dbm 28 db 5 km multi-mode (3 miles) 62.5/125 mm LED -18 dbm -40 dbm 22 db -12 dbm 28 db 5 km multi-mode (3 miles) 1310 nm 9/125 mm single-mode LED -18 dbm -40 dbm 22 db -12 dbm 28 db 38 km (23.6 miles) Laser -12 dbm -40 dbm 28 db -12 dbm 28 db 50 km (31 miles) 1550 nm 9/125 mm single-mode Laser -12 dbm -40 dbm 28 db -12 dbm 28 db 100 km (62 miles) All the fiber-optic interface options offer high performance and have a wide dynamic range, which ensures that the receiver will not saturate even when using short fiber-optic cables (saturation is caused when the optical power applied to the receiver exceeds its maximum allowed input power, and results in very high bit error rates). Timing The KML.F module always uses the clock signal recovered from the received line signal for the timing of the receive path. The module supports three timing modes for the transmit path: Loopback timing with loopback timing, the main link transmit clock of the Kilomux is locked to the recovered receive clock. Internal timing the internal timing source is an internal crystal oscillator located on the KML.F module, which has an accuracy of 50 ppm. DCE timing the main link transmit clock of the Kilomux is locked to an I/O channel which serves as a clock source. 1-2 Functional Description KML.F Kilomux-2100
Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 1 Introduction In any link, one Kilomux must be configured to use internal timing or DCE timing; the other Kilomux must use loopback (LBT) timing to ensure synchronization. In this way, the Kilomux operating with internal timing is the source of the master clock and determines the timing of the other unit. Diagnostics The KML.F module includes self-test upon power-up, and additional test functions that can be controlled by the operator from a configuration terminal attached to the Kilomux. The testing capabilities include local main link loopback (where the main link transmit signal is looped back to the input of the main link receive path), and remote main link loopback (toward the remote Kilomux). To allow the operator to detect bad optical connections, the KML.F module generates an alarm when the main link bit error rate exceeds 10-3. The KML.F module stores alarms detected during its operation into its alarms buffer. 1.3 Technical Specifications General Data Rates 128, 192, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024 and 1536 kbps Fiber-Optic Link Interface Performance See Table 1-1 Connectors 850 nm ST or FC/PC, in accordance with order 1310 nm, 1550 nm ST or FC/PC, in accordance with order Timing Receive Timing Transmit Timing Derived from recovered receive clock Internal Oscillator Accuracy 50 ppm Loopback Timing Accepts data rates within 50 ppm of nominal line data rate DCE Timing Internal clock locked to a I/O channel, Accuracy 50 ppm KML.F Kilomux-2100 Technical Specifications 1-3
Chapter 1 Introduction Installation and Operation Manual Diagnostics Loopback Tests Local main link loopback Remote main link loopback Alarms Alarms Buffer Collects all the alarm events related to the fiber-optic link, activation of test loopbacks, and hardware failures Configuration Programmable via a supervision terminal, Telnet or RADview System Management 1-4 Technical Specifications KML.F Kilomux-2100
Chapter 2 Installation and Operation This chapter provides instructions for the installation and operation of the KML.F module. The information presented in this chapter supplements the general installation, configuration and operation instructions contained in the Kilomux System section of this manual. Caution The KML.F module contains components sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD). To prevent ESD damage, always hold the module by its sides, and do not touch the module components or connectors. Warning This module includes Class A lasers. For your safety: Do not look directly into the optical connectors while the module is operating. Remember that the module starts operating as soon as it is inserted in a operating Kilomux system. Do not attempt to adjust the laser drive current. The use of optical instruments with this product will increase eye hazard. Laser power up to 1 mw at 1310 nm and 1550 nm could be collected by an optical instrument. Use of controls or adjustment or performing procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure. 2.1 Installation The following describes installation procedures for inserting the KML.F module in the Kilomux system enclosure. Rear Panel The rear panel of the KML.F module is shown in Figure 2-1. The rear panel includes two optical connectors, one for the transmit fiber and the second for the receive fiber. The optical connectors are FC-PC or ST, in accordance with your order. KML.F Kilomux-2100 Installation 2-1
Chapter 2 Installation and Operation Installation and Operation Manual Figure 2-1. KML.F Front Panel 2.2 Module Installation Warning Note Do not look directly into the transmit connector of the module when the module operates and no cable is attached. The KML.F module is supported by KCL.1 modules with hardware Rev. 1.0 or higher and software Ver. 3.33 or higher. Before installing the KML.F in the Kilomux enclosure, check the type of KCL module installed in the enclosure and make sure it has the proper hardware revision and software version. 2-2 Module Installation KML.F Kilomux-2100
Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 2 Installation and Operation To install KML.F: 1. Refer to the system installation plan and insert the module in the assigned main link slot (slot 3 or 4) of the Kilomux enclosure. 2. Before connecting, clean the optical connectors using an approved solvent, and dry thoroughly using optical tissue. 3. Identify the fiber optic cables intended for connection to this module, and connect each fiber to the corresponding interface connector: connect the transmit fiber to the TX connector, and the receive fiber (coming from the TX connector of the remote KML.F module) to the RX connector. 4. Pay attention to correct connection of transmit and receive cables to the corresponding connectors. Avoid sharp bends and twisting of the fiber-optic cables. 2.3 Normal Indications The module starts operating as soon as it is plugged into an operating Kilomux enclosure. The module includes the standard KML module indicators that are visible on the Kilomux system front panel. Refer to the installation section of the Kilomux System section of this manual for a description of the functions of these indicators. During normal operation the ON LINE indicator of the active module must be ON. The TX and RX indicators light in accordance with the activity on the main link. KML.F Kilomux-2100 Normal Indications 2-3
Chapter 2 Installation and Operation Installation and Operation Manual 2-4 Normal Indications KML.F Kilomux-2100
Chapter 3 Configuration This section provides instructions for the configuration of the KML.F modules, using a supervision terminal. The instructions appearing in this section assume that you are familiar with the operation and capabilities of the supervision terminal. Before starting the configuration procedure, obtain the list of prescribed parameters from the system administrator. 3.1 Configuration Instructions If the supervision terminal is not yet connected to the Kilomux system, connect the terminal and start a configuration session in accordance with the instructions in Chapter 4 of the Kilomux system manual. Configuration of the KML module is performed by means of DEF SYS, DEF ML or DEF ML B commands; refer to Kilomux Installation and Operation manual for detailed description of the configuration procedure. Refer to Table 3-1 for the description of the module parameters and their values. 3.2 Module Parameters Table 3-1 explains the KML module parameters that can be configured. The table also lists the parameter values included in the Kilomux-2100 default configuration. The selected parameter values are used by both KML modules that may be installed in a Kilomux-2100 enclosure. The DWLD column indicates whether a parameter can be downloaded from the master to the slave when downloading is enabled (Kilomux-2000 units only). To configure the KML.F module: 1. Type: DEF ML<Enter> or DEF ML B<Enter> 2. Assign the appropriate values to the link parameters (see Table 3-1). KML.F Kilomux-2100 Module Parameters 3-1
Chapter 3 Configuration Installation and Operation Manual Table 3-1. Module Parameters Designation Function Values Configuration Guidelines DWLD SPEED Determines the main link rate 128, 192, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1536* Default: 128 Select the main link data rate specified for your Kilomux-2100 No Notes: Data rates marked with an asterisk (*) are supported by Kilomux-2100 units with KCL.2 software version 3.10 or higher. TIMING Determines the system timing mode. INT Internal timing LBT Loop back timing DCE the main link tarnsmit clock of the Kilomux is locked to an I/O channel (LS/HS data channel clock should be configured to DTE2). CLK MASTER (under DEF SYS), indicates which I/O channel serves as the clock source. If LINK_CLK (under DEF SYS) is set to ML-A or ML-B, the transmit clock will be locked to ML-A or ML-B respectively Default: LBT When the timing reference is the internal oscillator, it is not recommended to select clock mode DTE2 for data channels. No BUFFER_SIZE Determines the size of the main link receive buffer used in the DTE and E-DCE modes. 8: ±8 bits 256: ±256 bits Select the appropriate buffer size, in accordance with the communication link media: ±256 bits for satellite links and ±8 bits for any other medium. Yes DSR&CTS Determines the handling of the DSR and CTS signals for the modules KML.1, KML.2 and KML.3. When these signals are logically OFF, the transmit data line are held to MARK EXT: When DSR and/or CTS signals are OFF, the transmit data line is held at MARK INT: The states of the external DSR and/or CTS signals are disregarded; and both signals are assumed to be continuously ON (the transmit data is then not held to MARK when the Default: INT For KML.1, KML.2, and KML.3 modules, select the handling of the DSR and CTS signals: INT if you want these lines to be ignored, or EXT if you want the transmit data to be held at MARK when either of these lines is OFF. No 3-2 Module Parameters KML.F Kilomux-2100
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting and Diagnostics This chapter provides information on the alarms generated by the KML.F module, and instructions for using the module-specific diagnostic functions. The diagnostic information presented in this chapter supplements the general Kilomux diagnostics operation instructions contained in the Kilomux 2100/2104 Installation and Operation manual. 4.1 Alarm Messages Table 4-1 lists the specific alarm messages generated by the KML.F module, specifies their type (event or state), and explains their interpretation. The table lists the messages displayed on a supervision terminal connected to the Kilomux. Note that in addition to the specific messages listed in Table 4-1, the KML.F module also generates the general messages of a main link module (see Chapter 4 of the Kilomux System Manual for messages displayed by a supervision terminal). Usually, the general message triggered by one of the events listed in Table 4-1 will appear after the corresponding specific event message. Therefore when a KML alarm message is displayed, it is recommended to scroll through the list of messages to find the true cause of the general KML alarm message. Table 4-1. Alarm Messages Supervision Terminal Message Type Interpretation EXCESSIVE ERR RATIO, SLOT A State The KML.F module installed in the specified slot reports a bit error rate higher than 10-3 (A stands for the main link slot number, 3 or 4) INTERNAL CLOCK IN USE, SLOT A Event The KML.F module installed in the specified slot reports switching to the internal clock (A stands for the main link slot number, 3 or 4) KML.F Kilomux-2100 Alarm Messages 4-1
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting and Diagnostics Installation and Operation Manual 4.2 Diagnostics Test Types The KML.F module has the standard set of test loops for main link modules. This set includes the local main link loop and the remote main link loop. Note The following sections describe the available test activities. For supervision terminal test activation instructions, refer to the Kilomux 2100/2104 Installation and Operation manual. In this section, local means the Kilomux unit at which the test command has been given, i.e., it is always assumed the command has been given using a supervision terminal connected to, the local Kilomux. Local Main Link Loop Local Main Link Loop Signal Path When a local loop is activated on a KML.F module, the main link transmit signal is returned to the input of the main link receive path at a point within the fiber optic line interface. The loop signal path is shown in Table 4-1. Figure 4-1. Local Main Link Loop, Signal Path Local Main Link Loop Normal Indications The TEST indicator of the local Kilomux lights. The TXD and RXD indicators of the local Kilomux light. The LOCAL SYNC LOSS indicator of the local Kilomux must be off. If the LOC S.LOSS indicator lights, the KML.F module is defective. 4-2 Diagnostics KML.F Kilomux-2100
Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 4 Troubleshooting and Diagnostics Remote Main Link Loop Remote Main Link Loop Signal Path The signal path depends on the downloading state: If downloading is enabled and a remote main link loop is activated at the local unit, the KML.F module of the remote Kilomux unit loops back the main link receive signal to the local unit via the transmit path. The received signal remains connected as usual to the receive path of that unit. The loop signal path is shown in figure Figure 4-2. If downloading is disabled, the remote loop is connected on the local unit, i.e., the local KML.F module returns the received signal toward the remote Kilomux. The loop signal path is shown in Figure 4-3. Figure 4-2. Remote Main Link Loop, Signal Paths Downloading Enabled KML.F Kilomux-2100 Diagnostics 4-3
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting and Diagnostics Installation and Operation Manual Figure 4-3. Remote Main Link Loop, Signal Paths Downloading Disabled Remote Main Link Loop Normal Indications The TEST indicators of the local and remote Kilomux units light. The LOCAL SYNC LOSS indicators of the local and remote Kilomux units must be off. The TXD and RXD indicators of the local and remote Kilomux units light. 4-4 Diagnostics KML.F Kilomux-2100
24 Raoul Wallenberg Street, Tel Aviv 69719, Israel Tel: +972-3-6458181, Fax +972-3-6483331, +972-3-6498250 E-mail: erika_y@rad.com, Web site: http://www.rad.com Customer Response Form RAD Data Communications would like your help in improving its product documentation. Please complete and return this form by mail or by fax or send us an e-mail with your comments. Thank you for your assistance! Manual Name: KML.F Publication Number: 420-225-02/08 Please grade the manual according to the following factors: Excellent Good Fair Poor Very Poor Installation instructions Operating instructions Manual organization Illustrations The manual as a whole What did you like about the manual?
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Publication No. 420-225-02/08 International Headquarters 24 Raoul Wallenberg Street Tel Aviv 69719, Israel Tel. 972-3-6458181 Fax 972-3-6498250, 6474436 E-mail market@rad.com North America Headquarters 900 Corporate Drive Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA Tel. 201-5291100 Toll free 1-800-4447234 Fax 201-5295777 E-mail market@radusa.com www.rad.com The Access Company