ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY OF POZNAŃ FOLIA SCANDINAVICA POSNANIENSIA VOLUME 9 Editors WITOLD MACIEJEWSKI and EUGENIUSZ RAJNIK Assistant to the Editors PIOTR ZBOROWSKI Editorial Advisory Board Sława Awedyk (Poznań) Stig Eliasson (Uppsala) Jacek Fisiak (Poznań) Edmund Gussmann (Poznań) Erik Hansen (Copenhagen) Ernst Håkon Jahr (Kristiansand) Gert Kreutzer (Cologne) Bernard Piotrowski (Poznań) ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY PRESS POZNAŃ 2006
POLITENESS ACROSS CULTURES AND LANGUAGES A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF NORWEGIAN AND ENGLISH WITOSŁAW AWEDYK pp. 9-22 This paper discusses verbal realization of one request situation which has been used in the empirical part of my doctoral dissertation (Awedyk 2001) which sets out to compare and contrast request strategies in the realization of the speech act of request in Norwegian and English. The present article is a continuation of the discussion on request strategies I touched upon in my previous article (Awedyk 2003). REFERENCES Awedyk, Witosław. 2001. Politeness Markers in Norwegian and English. Contrastive Analysis of Speech Habits Among Norwegian Students of English. unpublished doctoral dissertation. Faculty of Modern Languages and Literature, Adam Mickiewicz University, unpublished. 2003. Request strategies in Norwegian and English. Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 7, 287-300. POLSK RIKSDAG ELLER POLEN GJENSPEILET I NORSK FRASEOLOGI GRZEGORZ SKOMMER pp. 23-32 The article shortly outlines the uses of the lexemes Pole and Polish in Norwegian phrases and idiomatic expressions. It also provides evidence for the occurrence of the lexemes in various Danish, Norwegian and Swedish dictionaries and encyclopaedias as well as in modern Norwegian texts. 2
MODALVERBET SKULLE I DANSK OG DETS ENGELSKE ÆKVIVALENTER MIKOŁAJ SOBKOWIAK pp. 33-47 In this paper the semantic variants of the Danish modal verb skulle and their English equivalents are analysed. The semantic fields of skulle and its formal equivalents in English i.e. shall/should, overlap to a certain extent, which often causes translation difficulties. It is discussed what linguistic means one needs to resort to when translating Danish sentences with skulle into English. The variants are divided into 3 groups (epistemic, deontic and dynamic), the criterion of the division being what modality type they express. DER SOM FORMELT SUBJEKT I DANSK ANDRZEJ SZUBERT pp. 49-58 The article is an attempt at describing the use and meaning of one of the small but meaningful Danish words der. It endeavours to present the syntactic role and the semantic meaning of der in a sentence. The final part of the article contains a comparison of der and det, which can be used similarly in some functions, as in the det-kløvning compared to the der-kløvning. 3
ZUM PROBLEM DER HYBRIDBILDUNGEN IM DÄNISCHEN MIT ENGLISCHEN KONSTITUENTEN ANDRZEJ SZUBERT pp. 59-66 The aim of the article is to describe loan blends (also called hybrids or hybrid creations) in the Danish language with English elements. Firstly, some definitions of the hybrids are presented and discussed and next new definitions are proposed. Finally, an approach to an analysis of examples existing in the Danish language is made. ORDSPRÅK SOM ÖPPNA FORMLER I DAGENS SVENSKA NATALIA WALAWENDER pp. 67-79 The present article develops some of the ideas contained in my MAthesis (Walawender 2004) This article deals with analysis of proverbs as open formulae in Modern Swedish. It refers to a research done on two data corpora consisting of newspaper material and on some other newspaper articles and advertisements from the years 1997 2004. In the written sources of Swedish proverbs available today some syntactic and semantic matrices serving for the construction of proverbs can be distinguished. In the research part of this article some forms of variation of the original matrix formulae have been observed and described. The conclusion is that the proverbs in Modern Swedish still undergo variation within the frames of the formulae, just as they probably did in the days of oral culture. REFERENCES Walawender, Natalia. 2004. Ordspråk i modern svenska. Ett fördjupat studium av en grupp ordspråk ur kategorin levnadsregler och goda råd. Adam Mickiewicz Universitet. Poznań. opublicerad magisteruppsats. 4
DAS SCHWEDISCHE DANKEN ALS AKZEPTIERENDE BESTÄ- TIGUNG EINER BITTE GEZEIGT ANHAND VON BEISPIELEN AUS INSTITUTIONELLEM GESPRÄCH PIOTR ZBOROWSKI pp. 81-94 The act of thanking is one of the most distinct linguistic phenomena in Swedish. Thanking is very often reciprocated with thanking, especially in conversation closings. This is regarded as a part of the Swedish communication patterns. The ritual occures also in terminal sequences of phone calls to the Swedish Poison Information Centre, which are treated as institutional conversation. However, other interesting ways of the use of Swedish thanking can also be observed in the middle parts (so called insertion sequences) of these calls. Thanking functions there as the speaker s acceptance of a special type of request formulated by the conversation partner. 5