QPHY-USB3 USB3.0 Serial Data Operator s Manual

QPHY-USB3 USB3.0 Serial Data Operator s Manual Revision A April, 2009 Relating to the Following Release Versions: Software Option Rev. 5.8 USB3 Script Rev. 1.0 Style Sheet Rev. 1.2

LeCroy Corporation 700 Chestnut Ridge Road Chestnut Ridge, NY, 10977-6499 Tel: (845) 578-6020, Fax: (845) 578 5985 Internet: www.lecroy.com 2009 by LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. LeCroy and other product or brand names are trademarks or requested trademarks of their respective holders. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions. Specifications are subject to change without notice. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 917249 Rev A

TABLE OF CONTENTS QPHY-USB3 Software Option INTRODUCTION... 5 Compatibility... 5 SETUP AND INSTALLATION... 6 Required Equipment Available from LeCroy... 6 QUALIPHY COMPLIANCE TEST PLATFORM... 7 Oscilloscope Option Key Installation... 9 Typical (Recommended) Configuration... 9 Remote (Network) Configuration... 9 Oscilloscope Selection... 9 Accessing the QPHY-USB3 Software using QualiPHY... 10 Customizing QualiPHY... 12 Creating Custom Configurations... 13 QPHY-USB3 Operation... 15 QPHY-USB3 Test Configurations... 16 All Tests... 16 Demo of All Tests... 16 Empty Template... 16 QPHY-USB3 Variables... 17 Channel File... 17 Demo Mode... 17 Emulate Channel... 17 Saved Waveform Path... 17 Save Individual Runs... 17 Test Mode... 18 Eye Diagram & Jitter Test Variables... 18 QPHY-USB3 Test Descriptions... 19 Deskew... 19 Test 1.1 - Eye Diagram & Jitter Test... 19 Test 1.2 - Spread Spectrum Test... 20 Test 1.3 - Differential Voltage Swing Test... 21 Test 1.4 - De-emphasis Ratio Test... 22 Compliance Pattern Definitions... 24 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES... 25 Cable Deskewing using the Fast Edge Output (WavePro 7 Zi and WaveMaster 8Zi Only)... 25 Cable Deskewing without using the Fast Edge Output... 28 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 3

FIGURES Figure 1. Report menu in QualiPHY General Setup... 7 Figure 2. The Test Report includes a summary table with links to the detailed test results... 8 Figure 3. QualiPHY main menu and compliance test Standard selection menu... 10 Figure 4. QualiPHY configuration selection menu... 11 Figure 5. QualiPHY test item selection menu... 12 Figure 6. Variable Setup and Limits Manager windows... 14 Figure 7. Start button... 15 Figure 8. Example of pop-up connection diagram and dialog box... 15 Figure 9 - S31 response of cable S-parameter file provided by the USB-IF... 17 Figure 10 - Oscilloscope Configuration after Eye Diagram Test... 19 Figure 11 - Oscilloscope Configuration after the Jitter Test... 20 Figure 12 - Oscilloscope Configuration after the Spread Spectrum Test... 21 Figure 13 - Oscilloscope screen after Differential Voltage Swing Test... 22 Figure 14 - Oscilloscope screen after the De-emphasis Ratio Test... 23 Figure 15 - Timebase Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output... 25 Figure 16 - Channel Pre-Processing Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output... 25 Figure 17 - Trigger Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output... 26 Figure 18 - Measurement Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output... 26 Figure 19 - Adjusted Timebase Settings for Deskew... 26 Figure 20 - Save Waveform Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output... 27 Figure 21 - Final Screen with Channel 2 and 3 Deskewed... 27 Figure 22. The Skew parameter right side dialog, Skew clock 2 tab, showing default setup... 29 4 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

INTRODUCTION QPHY-USB3 Software Option QPHY-USB3 is a software package designed to capture, analyze, and report measurements in conformance with SuperSpeed USB electrical specification standard. A copy of the specification can be found at www.usb.org. Compatibility QPHY-USB3 is a software option compatible with the following LeCroy X-Stream oscilloscopes: WM813Zi, SDA813Zi, DDA813Zi (4x40 GS/s, 2x80GS/s) and higher bandwidth equivalents. SDA 13000 (4x20 GS/s at 6 GHz bandwidth, 2x40 GS/s at 13 GHz bandwidth) The minimum recommended bandwidth for testing USB 3.0 devices and hosts is 13GHz. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 5

SETUP AND INSTALLATION The following test equipment is required to perform USB 3.0 tests. Required Equipment Available from LeCroy Real Time Digital Oscilloscope as listed in Compatibility section with firmware release 5.8.2.0 or later, and software option package QPHY-USB3 QualiPHY Software (version 5.8.0.x or later) installed on either the oscilloscope or a separate PC. 50Ω Coax Cable with SMA Male Connectors, qty = 2 These cables should be nominally the same length so that the attenuation characteristics and length are well matched. 6 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QUALIPHY COMPLIANCE TEST PLATFORM QPHY-USB3 Software Option QualiPHY is LeCroy s unique compliance test framework which leads the user through the compliance tests. QualiPHY displays connection diagrams to ensure tests run properly, automates the oscilloscope setup, and generates full compliance reports. QualiPHY makes USB 3.0 compliance testing easy and fast. The QualiPHY software application automates the test and report generation. Figure 1. Report menu in QualiPHY General Setup QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 7

See the QualiPHY Operator s Manual for more information on how to use the QualiPHY framework. Figure 2. The Test Report includes a summary table with links to the detailed test results 8 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

Oscilloscope Option Key Installation QPHY-USB3 Software Option An option key must be purchased to enable the QPHY-USB3 option. Call LeCroy Customer Support to place an order and receive the code. Enter the key and enable the purchased option as follows: 1. From the oscilloscope menu select Utilities Utilities Setup... 2. Select the Options tab and click the Add Key button. 3. Enter the Key Code using the on-screen keyboard. 4. Restart the oscilloscope to activate the option after installation. Typical (Recommended) Configuration QualiPHY software can be executed from the oscilloscope or a host computer. The first step is to install QualiPHY. Please refer to the QualiPHY Operator s Manual for installation instructions. LeCroy recommends running QualiPHY on an oscilloscope equipped with Dual Monitor Display capability (Option DMD-1 for oscilloscopes where this is not standard). This allows the waveform and measurements to be shown on the oscilloscope LCD display while the QualiPHY application and test results are displayed on a second monitor. By default, the oscilloscope appears as a local host when QualiPHY is executed in the oscilloscope. Follow the steps under Oscilloscope Selection (as follows) and check that the IP address is 127.0.0.1. Remote (Network) Configuration It is also possible to install and run QualiPHY on a host computer, controlling the oscilloscope with a Network/LAN Connection. The oscilloscope must already be configured, and an IP address (fixed or network-assigned) must already be established. Oscilloscope Selection Set up the oscilloscope using QualiPHY over a LAN (Local Area Network) by doing the following: 1. Make sure the host computer is connected to the same LAN as the oscilloscope. If unsure, contact your system administrator. 2. From the oscilloscope menu, select Utilities Utilities Setup 3. Select the Remote tab. 4. Verify the oscilloscope has an IP address and the control is set to TCP/IP. 5. Run QualiPHY in the host computer and click the General Setup button. 6. Select the Connection tab. 7. Enter the IP address from step 4 (previous). 8. Click the Close button. QualiPHY is now ready to control the oscilloscope. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 9

QualiPHY tests the oscilloscope connection after clicking the Start button. The system prompts you if there is a connection problem. QualiPHY s Scope Selector function can also be used to verify the connection. Please refer to the QualiPHY Operator s Manual for explanations on how to use Scope Selector and other QualiPHY functions. Accessing the QPHY-USB3 Software using QualiPHY This topic provides a basic overview of QualiPHY s capabilities. Please refer to the QualiPHY Operator s Manual for detailed information. Access the QPHY-USB3 software using the following steps: 1. Wait for the oscilloscope to start and have its main application running. 2. Launch QualiPHY from the Analysis menu if installed on the oscilloscope or from the desktop icon if installed on a host computer. 3. From the QualiPHY main window (as follows), select Standard, then USB3.0 SS from the pop-up menu (if not already selected). If you check the Pause on Failure box (circled) QualiPHY prompts to retry the measure whenever a test fails. Figure 3. QualiPHY main menu and compliance test Standard selection menu 10 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option 4. Click the Configuration button in the QualiPHY main menu: 5. Select a configuration from the pop-up menu: 6. Click Start. Figure 4. QualiPHY configuration selection menu 7. Follow the pop-up window prompts. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 11

Customizing QualiPHY The predefined configurations in the Configuration screen cannot be modified. However, you can create your own test configurations by copying one of the standard test configurations and making modifications. A description of the test is also shown in the description field when selected. Figure 5. QualiPHY test item selection menu 12 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

Creating Custom Configurations Beginning with any of the pre-loaded configurations, 2. Click on the Variable Setup tab to change the variables for your new configuration. QPHY-USB3 Software Option 1. Click on the Test Selector tab to change what tests you would like to be included in your new configuration. 3. Click on the Limits tab to change which limit set should be used for your new configuration See QualiPHY Manual for more information 4. Once a change has been made to any of these sections, the Save As button becomes clickable on the bottom of the dialog. 5. Clicking the Save As button will prompt you for a new configuration name and description. Note: If a Custom Configuration was used for the procedure, the Save button will also become clickable on the bottom of the dialog. Clicking this button will update the current configuration with new changes. 6. Once a custom configuration is defined, script variables and the test limits can be changed by using the Variable Setup and Limits Manager from the Edit/View Configuration window. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 13

Figure 6. Variable Setup and Limits Manager windows 14 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Operation QPHY-USB3 Software Option After pressing Start in the QualiPHY menu, the software instructs how to set up the test using pop-up connection diagrams and dialog boxes. QualiPHY also instructs how to properly configure the Product Under Test (PUT) to change test signal modes (when necessary). Figure 7. Start button Figure 8. Example of pop-up connection diagram and dialog box QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 15

QPHY-USB3 Test Configurations Configurations include variable settings and limit sets as well, not just test selections. See the QPHY-USB3 Variables section for a description of each variable value and its default value. All Tests This configuration will run all of the tests and the channel deskew procedure. The limit set in use is Default. All of the variables are set to their default settings. Demo of All Tests This configuration will run all of the tests. This limit set in use is Default. All of the variables are set to their default setting except Test Mode is set to Use Sav ed Data and the Demo Mode is set to Yes. This configuration will run the tests on the waveforms that are stored in the directory specified by the Saved Waveform Path variable. Empty Template This configuration is intentionally left blank so it can easily be copied and configured to the user s custom configuration. The limit set in use is Default. All of the variables are set to their default settings. 16 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option QPHY-USB3 Variables Channel File This variable specifies the name of a Touchstone format S-parameter file to be used for emulating a serial data channel. The USB 3.0 specification requires that the Eye Diagram and Jitter tests be performed at the far end of a serial data test channel. QPHY-USB3 utilizes the Eye Doctor II functionality to emulate the serial data channel based on the specified S-parameter file. The S-parameter file must be located in the D:\Applications\EyeDr folder on the oscilloscope. The S-parameter file provided by the USB-IF has the following S31 response: Figure 9 - S31 response of cable S-parameter file provided by the USB-IF Demo Mode This variable allows the user to run the tests in demonstration mode using saved waveforms. The waveforms must be located in the location specified by the Saved Waveform Path variable. When this variable is set to Yes the user will still be prompted with connection diagrams just as if the tests were being run on live data. Emulate Channel This variable allows the user to select whether they would like QPHY-USB3 to emulate the serial data channel. The USB 3.0 specification requires that the Eye Diagram and Jitter tests be performed at the far end of a serial data channel, but if a physical channel is used for testing there is no need to emulate the channel. Saved Waveform Path This variable specifies the directory for QPHY-USB3 to find the waveforms to test when the Test Mode variable is set to Use Saved Data. Save Individual Runs When this value is set to "Yes" waveforms will be saved in a separate folder for each time the test is run. For example: D:\Waveforms\USB3\[Device Under Test]\Run1 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 17

When this value is set to "No" waveforms will be overwritten on every run and saved in: D:\Waveforms\USB3\[Device Under Test] Test Mode This variable allows the user to select whether they would like to Acquire New Data or Use Saved Data. If Acquire New Data is selected, QPHY-USB3 will capture new waveforms to test. If Use Saved Data is selected, QPHY-USB3 will test the waveforms found in the directory specified by the Saved Waveform Path variable. Eye Diagram & Jitter Test Variables The variables in this section allow the user to decide whether or not they would like the oscilloscope to perform equalization as described by the specification. If yes, the user also has the ability to decide the location of the 2 poles, the location of the zero and the DC gain for the continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE). 18 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option QPHY-USB3 Test Descriptions Deskew This procedure measures the skew between the two oscilloscope channels used and sets the deskew value appropriately. Test 1.1 - Eye Diagram & Jitter Test The purpose of this test is to verify that the eye height and jitter are within the specification limits. For compliance testing the measurements are made after a reference test channel and after applying the reference Continuous Time Linear Equalizer function. Eye height is measured using compliance pattern CP0. Jitter is measured using both compliance pattern CP0 and compliance pattern CP1 (see below for definition). Eye height is measured over 10 million consecutive unit intervals. Jitter is extrapolated to 10-12 BER. Refer to section 6.7.3 of the Universal Serial Bus 3.0 Specification, Revision 1.0 for more details. At the completion of the Eye Diagram Test the oscilloscope is in the following configuration: Figure 10 - Oscilloscope Configuration after Eye Diagram Test On this screen the EyeOpening is measured in parameter P1. P2 is used for a Histogram Max parameter of a vertical slice of the center of the eye diagram and P3 is used for a Histogram Min parameter of a vertical slice of the center of the eye diagram. The difference of P2 and P3 is the result for the EyeOpening measurement. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 19

At the completion of the Jitter Test the oscilloscope is in the following configuration: Figure 11 - Oscilloscope Configuration after the Jitter Test On the oscilloscope screen Tj (at BER = 10-12 ), Rj(spectral) and Dj(spectral) are measured in the SDA Jitter section. Tj, Rj and Dj are converted into UI by dividing their value by 200ps. These results are the Tj and Rj values in mui. Also shown on screen are the RjBUjHistogram, Bathtub curve and NQFit lines. Test 1.2 - Spread Spectrum Test The purpose of this test is to measure the spread spectrum modulation frequency and deviation and verify that they are within the specification limits. The data is demodulated and a low-pass filter is then applied to create an SSCTrack which displays how the data rate varies over time. The carrier frequency of the SSC Track is set to the center frequency of the acquired SSC waveform. The SSC Tra ck has a low pass filter (LPF) with a cutoff frequency of 2 MHz. The output of the SSC Track is converted to parts per million (ppm) deviation from the nominal bitrate so that it becomes a track of the deviation relative to the nominal bitrate. Spread spectrum is measured using compliance pattern CP1 (see below for definition). At the completion of the Spread Spectrum Test the oscilloscope is in the following configuration: 20 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option Figure 12 - Oscilloscope Configuration after the Spread Spectrum Test The oscilloscope screen is now displaying the SSC Track. There are also 3 parameters on the screen. P1 is the minimum deviation from the nominal bitrate. P2 is the maximum deviation from the nominal bitrate. The spread spectrum modulation is downward so the minimum deviation is at the top of the SSC Track and the maximum deviation is at the bottom. P3 is the modulation frequency of the SSC Track. Test 1.3 - Differential Voltage Swing Test The purpose of this test is to measure the differential voltage swing and verify that it is within the specification limits. The differential voltage swing is measured using compliance pattern CP8 (see below for definition). At the completion of the Differential Voltage Swing Test the oscilloscope is in the following configuration: QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 21

Figure 13 - Oscilloscope screen after Differential Voltage Swing Test Shown on the screen are F1, F2, P1, P2 and P3. F1 is the difference of the two input channels (C2-C3). F2 is the histogram of that differential waveform. P1 is the mode of the histogram gated to the left half of the screen. This is equal to the base differential voltage. P2 is the mode of the histogram gated to the right half of the screen. This is equal to the top differential voltage. P3 is the difference between P2 and P1. This is equal to the differential voltage swing pk-pk. Test 1.4 - De-emphasis Ratio Test The purpose of this test is to measure the de-emphasis ratio and verify that it is within the specification limits. The differential voltage swing is measured using compliance pattern CP7 (see below for definition). At the completion of the De-emphasis Ratio Test the oscilloscope is in the following configuration: 22 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option Figure 14 - Oscilloscope screen after the De-emphasis Ratio Test On the screen are F1, Z1 and P1. F1 is the difference between the two input channels (C2-C3). Z1 is the zoom of F1 showing the full swing transition bit to display the de-emphasis. P1 is the voltage transmitter de-emphasis ratio parameter. This parameter returns the ratio between peak to peak voltages of full swing and de-emphasized bits. QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 23

Compliance Pattern Definitions The USB3 SuperSpeed compliance patterns are defined in section 6.4.4 of the Universal Serial Bus 3.0 Specification, Revision 1.0 and reproduced below for convenience. Compliance Pattern Value Description CP0 D0.0 Scrambled A pseudo-random data pattern that is exactly the same as logical idle but does not include SKP sequences CP1 D10.2 Nyquist frequency CP2 D24.3 Nyquist/2 CP3 K28.5 COM pattern CP4 LFPS The low frequency periodic signaling pattern CP5 K28.7 With de-emphasis CP6 K28.7 Without de-emphasis CP7 50-250 1 s and 0 s With de-emphasis. Repeating 50-250 1 s and then 50-250 0 s CP8 50-250 1 s and 0 s Without de-emphasis. Repeating 50-250 1 s and then 50-250 0 s 24 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option CALIBRATION PROCEDURES Cable Deskewing using the Fast Edge Output (WavePro 7 Zi and WaveMaster 8Zi only) The following procedure demonstrates how to deskew two oscilloscope channels and cables using the fast edge output, with no need for any T connector or adapters. This can be done once the temperature of the oscilloscope is stable. The oscilloscope must be warmed up for at least a half-hour before proceeding. This procedure should be run again if the temperature of the oscilloscope changes by more than a few degrees. For the purpose of this procedure, the two channel s being deskewed will be referred to as Channel X and Channel Y. The reference channel will be Channel X and the channel being deskewed will be Channel Y. 1. Begin by recalling the Default Oscilloscope Setup 2. Configure the oscilloscope as follows: Timebase i. Fixed Sample Rate ii. Set the Sample Rate to 40 GS/s iii. Set the Time/Division to 1 ns/div Figure 15 - Timebase Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output Channels i. Turn on Channel X and Channel Y ii. Set V/div for Channel X and Channel Y to 100mV/div iii. Set the Averaging of Channel X and Channel Y to 500 sweeps iv. Set the Interpolation of Channel X and Channel Y to Sinx/x Figure 16 - Channel Pre-Processing Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output Trigger i. Configure to Source to be FastEdge ii. Set the Slope to Positive QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 25

Figure 17 - Trigger Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output Parameter Measurements: i. Set the source for P1 to CX and the measure to Delay ii. Set the source for P2 to CY and the measure to Delay iii. Set the source for P3 to M1 and the measure to Delay Figure 18 - Measurement Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output 3. Set the display to Single Grid Click Display -> Single Grid 4. Using the appropriate adapter, connect Channel X to the Fast Edge Output of the oscilloscope 5. Adjust the Trigger Delay so that the Channel X signal crosses at the center of the screen 6. Change the Timebase to 50 ps/div Figure 19 - Adjusted Timebase Settings for Deskew 7. Fine tune the Trigger Delay so that the Channel X signal crosses at the exact center of the screen. 8. Press the Clear Sweeps button on the front panel to reset the averaging 9. Allow multiple acquisitions to occur until the waveform is stable on the screen. 10. Save Channel X to M1 Click File -> Save Waveform Set Save To Memory Set the Source to CX Set the Destination to M1 Click Save Now 26 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option Figure 20 - Save Waveform Settings for Deskew with the Fast Edge Output 11. Disconnect Channel X from the Fast Edge Output and connect Channel Y to the Fast Edge Output. 12. Press the Clear Sweeps button on the front panel to reset the averaging. 13. Allow multiple acquisitions to occur until the waveform is stable on the screen. 14. From the Channel Y menu, adjust the Deskew of Channel Y until Channel Y is directly over the M1 trace. 15. Ensure that P3 and P2 are reasonably close to the same value. (Typically < 5ps difference) Figure 21 - Final Screen with Channel 2 and 3 Deskewed QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 27

Cable Deskewing without using the Fast Edge Output The following procedure demonstrates how to deskew two oscilloscope channels and cables using the differential data signal, with no need for any T connector or adapters. This can be done once the temperature of the oscilloscope is stable. The oscilloscope must be warmed up for at least a half-hour before proceeding. This procedure should be run again if the temperature of the oscilloscope changes by more than a few degrees. 1. Connect a differential data signal to C2 and C3 using two approximately matching cables. Set up the oscillosc ope to use the maximum sample rate (e.g. for WaveRunner 204Xi: two channel mode; on the Smart Memory menu set Fixed Sample Rate 10GS/s). Set the timebase for a few repetitions of the pattern (at least a few dozen edges). 2. On the C3 menu, check Invert. Now C2 and C3 should look the same. 3. Using the Measure Setup, set P1 to measure the Skew of C2, C3. Turn on Statistics (Measure menu). Write down the mean skew value after it stabilizes. This mean skew value is the addition of Data skew + cable skew + channel skew. 4. Swap the cable connections on the Data source side (on the test fixture), and then press the Clear Sweeps button on the oscilloscope (to clear the accumulated statistics; since we changed the input). 5. Write down the mean skew value after it stabilizes. This mean skew value is the addition of (-Data skew) + cable skew + channel skew. 6. Add the two mean skew values and divide the sum in half: [Data skew + cable skew + channel skew] + [ (-Data skew) + cable skew + channel skew] 2 7. The above formula simplifies to: [cable skew + channel skew] 8. Set the resulting value as the Deskew value in C2 menu. 9. Restore the cable connections to their Step 1 settings (previous). Press the Clear Sweeps button on the oscilloscope. The mean skew value should be approximately zero - that is the data skew. Typically, results are <1ps given a test fixture meant to minimize skew on the differential pair. 10. On the C3 menu, un-check the Invert checkbox and turn off the parameters. In the previous procedure, we used the default setup of the Skew parameter (which is detecting positive edges on both signals at 50%). We also inverted C3 in order to make C2 and C3 both have positive edges at the same time. 28 QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A

QPHY-USB3 Software Option Alternately, we clearly could have not inverted C3 and instead selected the Skew clock 2 tab in the P1 parameter menu and set the oscilloscope to look for negative edges on the second input (C3). However, it is somewhat agreed that the previous procedure looks much more aesthetically pleasing from the display as it shows C2 and C3 with the same polarity. Figure 22. The Skew parameter right side dialog, Skew clock 2 tab, showing default setup QPHY-USB3-OM-E Rev A 29