86 References and THE list below is divided into eleven sections. Ten of these correspond to the sections of Part One, for convenience in finding details of each critical work discussed in them. The last is a general list of all other works mentioned, including those referred to in the Introduction and in Part Two. Most sections also offer suggestions for further reading, though the aim is to represent a range of material rather than a full bibliography. A few works necessarily appear more than once, though no references are repeated in the general section. Dates given are those of the editions used. Where applicable dates of first editions are also indicated. Texts represented in Kenneth Muir's Casebook on the play are marked with an asterisk (*). I Contexts Baldick, Chris, The Social Mission qf English Criticism, 1848-1932 (Oxford, 1983). Bartholomeusz, Dennis, The Winter's Tale in performance in England and America, 1611-1976 (Cambridge, 1982). Eagleton, Terry, Literary Theory: an Introduction (Oxford, 1983). Knight, G. Wilson, Shakespearian Production: with especial reference to the Tragedies (London, 1st edn 1964;1968). * Muir, Kenneth (ed.), Shakespeare: The Winter's Tale, Casebook Series (London, 1968). Pafford, J.H.P. (ed.), The Winter's Tale, New Arden edn (London, 1963).
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING 87 2 Evaluation Baldick, Chris, The Social Mission of English Criticism, 1848-1932 (Oxford, 1983). * Bethell, S.L., The Winter's Tale: A Study (London, 1947). * Coghill, Nevill, 'Six Points of Stage-Craft in The Winter's Tale', Shakespeare Suroey, 11 ( 1958) 31-41. Furness, Horace Howard (ed.), The Winter's Tale, New Variorum edn (New York, 1st edn 1898; 1964). * MacNeice, Louis, 'Autolycus', in Muir (1968) pp. 232-3. Quiller-Couch, Sir Arthur, 'The Winter's Tale', Shakespeare's Workmanship (London, 1918) pp. 282-99. Bonjour, Adrien, 'The Final Scene of The Winter's Tale', English Studies, 33 ( 1952) 193-208. Matchett, William H., 'Some Dramatic Techniques in "The Winter's Tale'", Shakespeare Suroey, 22 (1969) 93-107. Muir, Kenneth, 'The Conclusion of The Winter's Tale', The Singularity of Shakespeare and Other Essays (Liverpool, 1977) pp. 76-91. ~ Tillyard, E.M.W., Shakespeare's Last Plays (London, 1st edn 1938; 1968). 3 Imagery, symbolism, myth ~ Bethell, S.L., The Winter's Tale: A Study (London, 1947). Bethell, S.L. (ed.), The Winter's Tale, New Clarendon Shakespeare edn (Oxford, 1956). Clemen, Wolfgang, The Development of Shakespeare's Imagery (2nd edn, London, 1977: 1st edn published in German, 1936). ~ Knight, G. Wilson, "'Great Creating Nature": An Essay on The Winter's Tale', The Crown of Life: Essays in Interpretation of Shakespeare's Final Plays (London, 1st edn 1947; 1965) pp. 76-128. Spurgeon, Caroline F.E., Shakespeare's Imagery and What It Tells Us (Cambridge, 1st edn 1935; 1958).
88 CRITICS DEBATE 'THE WINTER'S TALE' * Traversi, Derek, 'The Winter's Tale', Shakespeare: The Last Phase (London, 1st edn 1954; 1965) pp. 105-92. Mulhern, Francis, The Moment rif 'Scrutiny' (London, 1979). Tinkler, F.C., '"The Winter's Tale'", Scrutiny, 5 ( 1937) 344--64. Traversi, Derek, 'The Winter's Tale', An Approach to Shakespeare, vol.2 (London, I st edn 1938; 1969) pp. 282-302. 4 Allegory and theme Bryant, J.A., Jr, 'Shakespeare's Allegory: The Winter's Tale', Sewanee Review, 63 (1955) 202-22. Edwards, Philip, 'Shakespeare's Romances, 1900-195 7', Shakespeare Surve;, II (1958) 1-18. * Ewbank, Inga-Stina, 'The Triumph of Time in "The Winter's Tale'", Review of English Literature, 5 ( 1964) 83-100. Fowler, Alastair, 'Leontes' Contrition and the Repair of Nature', Essays and Studies, 31 ( 1978) 36-64. Levin, Richard, New Readings vs. Old Pla)'S: Recent Trends in the Reinterpretation rif English Renaissance Drama (Chicago, 1979). Levin, Richard, 'The Relation of External Evidence to the Allegorical and Thematic Interpretation of Shakespeare', Shakespeare Studies, 13 (1980) 1-29. Tayler, E.W., Nature and Art in Renaissance Literature (New York and London, 1964). Wickham, Glynne, 'Romance and Emblem: A Study in the Dramatic Structure of The Winter's Tale', in David Galloway (ed.), The Elizabethan Theatre, III (Toronto and London, 1973) pp. 82-99. Egan, Robert, Drama Within Drama: Shakespeare's Sense of His Art in King Lear, The Winter's Tale and the Tempest (New York and London, 1975).
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING 89 Yates, Frances A., Shakespeare's Last Plays: A New Approach (London, 1975). 5 Genre and convention Colie, Rosalie L., Shakespeare's Living Art (Princeton, 1974) pp. 261-83. Frye, Northrop, Anatomy if Criticism (Princeton, 1957). * Frye, Northrop, 'Recognition in The Winter's Tale', Fables if Identity: Studies in Poetic Mythology (New York, 1963) pp. 107-18. Frye, Northrop, A Natural Perspective: The Development of Shakespearean Comedy and Romance (New York and London, 1965). Hartwig, Joan, Shakespeare's Comic Vision (Baton Rouge, 1972). Uphaus, Robert W., 'The Issues of The Winter's Tale', Beyond Tragedy: Structure and Experience in Shakespeare's Romances (Lexington, 1981). Wells, Stanley, 'Shakespeare and Romance', LaterShakespeare,John Russell Brown and Bernard Harris (eds), Stratford-upon-Avon Studies, 8 (London, 1966) pp. 48-79. Blissett, William, 'This Wide Gap of Time: The Winter's Tale', English Literary Renaissance, I (1971) 52-70. Frey, Charles, Shakespeare's Vast Romance: A study if The Winter's Tale (Columbia and London, 1980). Gesner, Carol, Shakespeare and the Greek Romance (Lexington, 1970). Lea vis, F.R., 'The Criticism of Shakespeare's Late Plays: A Caveat', in The Common Pursuit (I st pub!. 1942; London, 1952) pp. 173-81. Martz, Louis L., 'Shakespeare's humanist enterprise: The Winter's Tale', English Renaissance Studies Presented to Dame Helen Gardner, ed. John Carey (Oxford, 1980) pp. 114-31. Riemer, A.P., Antic Fables: Patterns if Evasion in Shakespeare's Comedies (Manchester, 1980). Wolff, Samuel Lee, The Greek Romances in Elizabethan Prose Fiction (New York, 1912).
90 CRITICS DEBATE 'THE WINTER'S TALE' 6 Structure and source Hirsh, James E., The Structure rif Shakespearean Scenes (New Haven and London, 1981). Pyle, Fitzroy, The Winter's Tale: A Commentary on the Structure (London, 1969). * Schanzer, Ernest, 'The Structural Pattern of "The Winter's Tale'", Review rifenglish Literature, 5 (1964) 72-82. Schanzer, Ernest (ed.), The Winter's Tale, New Penguin Shakespeare edn (Harmondsworth, 1969). Bullough, Geoffrey (ed.), Narrative and Dramatic Sources rifshakespeare, vol. VIII (London, 1975) pp. 115-233. Honigmann, E.AJ., 'Secondary Sources of The Winter's Tale', Philological Quarterly, 34 ( 1955) 27-38. 7 Marxism Barber, Charles, 'The Winter's Tale and Jacobean Society', in Arnold Kettle (ed.), Shakespeare in a Changing World (London, 1964). Craig, David (ed.), Marxists on Literature: An Anthology (Harmondsworth, 1975). Eagleton, Terry, Marxism and Literary Criticism (London, 1976). Kettle, Arnold (ed.), Shakespeare in a Changing World (London, 1964). 8 Psychoanalysis Barber, C.L., '"Thou that beget'st him that did thee beget": Transformation in "Pericles" and "The Winter's Tale'", Shakespeare Survey, 22 ( 1969) 59-67.
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING 91 Reid, Stephen, 'The Winter's Tale', American Imago, 27 ( 1970) 263-78. Schwartz, Murray M., 'Leontes' Jealousy in The Winter's Tale', in Leonard Tennenhouse ( ed.), The Practice rif Psychoanalytic Criticism (Detroit, 1976) pp. 202-25. Stewart, J.I.M., Character and Motive in Shakespeare (lst edn 1949; London, 1965) pp. 30-7. Nuttall, A.D., William Shakespeare: The Winter's Tale (London, 1966) pp. 14-29. Schwartz, Murray M., 'The Winter's Tale: Loss and Tranformation', American Imago, 32 (1975) 145-99. Wright, Elizabeth, Psychoanalytic Criticism: Theory in Practice (London, 1984). 9 Feminism Asp, Carolyn, 'Shakespeare's Paulina and the Consolatio Tradition', Shakespeare Studies, ll ( 1978) 145-58. French, Marilyn, Shakespeare's Division rif Experience ( l st edn 1981; London, 1983). Gourlay, Patricia Southard, "'0 my most sacred lady": Female Metaphor in The Winter's Tale', English Literary Renaissance, 5 ( 197 5) 375-95. Jardine, Lisa, Still Harping on Daughters: Women and Drama in the Age rif Shakespeare (Brighton, 1983). Cook, Judith, Women in Shakespeare (London, 1980). Dusinberre, Juliet, Shakespeare and the Nature rif Women (London and Basingstoke, 1975). Shepherd, Simon, Amazons and Warrior Women: Varieties rif Feminism in Seventeenth-Century Drama (Brighton, 1981).
92 CRITICS DEBATE THE WINTER'S TALE' 10 Performance Bartholomeusz, Dennis, The Winter's Tale in performance in England and America, 1611-1976 (Cambridge, 1982). Draper, R.P., The Winter's Tale: Text and Performance (London and Basingstoke, 1985). Lamb, Charles, 'On the Tragedies of Shakespeare, Considered with Reference to Their Fitness for Stage Representation', in D. Nichol Smith (ed.), Shakespeare Criticism: A Selection (1st pub!. 1811; London, 1916) pp. 215-40. Muir, Kenneth, 'The Winter's Tale', in Shakespeare's Comic Sequence (Liverpool, 1979) pp. 163-75. Male, David A., Shakespeare on Stage: The Winter's Tale (Cambridge, 1984). 11 General Adams, Douglas, The Hitch Hiker's Guide to the GalaX)' (London, 1979). Bateson, F.W., 'How Old was Leontes?', Essays and Studies, 31 (1978) 65-74. Biggins, Dennis, '"Exit pursued by a Beare": A Problem m The Winter's Tale', Shakespeare Quarterly, 13 ( 1962) 3-13. Bohannan, Laura, 'Miching Mall echo: that means witchcraft', John Morris (ed.), From the Third Programme: A Ten-Years' Anthology (London, 1956) pp.l74-89. Bradley, A.C., Shakespearean Tragedy (London, 1904). Brown, John Russell, 'Playing for Laughs: The Last Plays', in Shakespeare's Plays in Performance (London, 1966) pp. 91-112. Brown, john Russell, Free Shakespeare (1st edn 1974; London, 1978). Eastman, Arthur M., A Short History of Shakespearean Criticism (New York, 1968). French, A.L., 'Leontes' Jealousy', in Shakespeare and the Critics (Cambridge, 1972) pp. 135-43. Granville-Barker, Harley, 'The Winter's Tale', in Edward M. Moore (ed.), Prefaces to Shakespeare, vol.vi (1st edn 1912; London, 1974) pp. 19-25.
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING 93 James, D.G., 'The Failure of the Ballad-Makers', in Scepticism and Poetry (London, 1937) pp. 205-41. Jamieson, Michael, 'Shakespeare's Celibate Stage: The Problem of Accommodation to the Boy-Actors in As You Like It, Antony and Cleopatra, and The Winter's Tale', in Gerald Eades Bentley (ed.), The Seventeenth-Century Stage (Chicago and London, 1968) pp. 70-93. Jones, Gemma, 'Hermione in The Winter's Tale', in Players of Shakespeare, ed. Philip Brockbank (Cambridge, 1985) pp. 153-65. Lucas, John, 'Freedom and Hospitality in The Winter's Tale', Sixth Form Shakespeare Conference Papers, Department of English and Drama, Loughborough University (1982) pp. 1-21. Nathan, Norman, 'Leontes' Provocation', Shakespeare Quarterly, 19 (1968) 19-24. Quiller-Couch, Sir Arthur and Wilson, J. Dover (eds), The Winter's Tale, New Cambridge Shakespeare edn (Cambridge, 1931). Smith, Jonathan, 'The Language of Leontes', Shakespeare Quarterly, 19 (1968) 317-27. Stoppard, Tom, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead (London, 1967).
94 Index Adams, Douglas, 24, 92 Alexander, Peter, 8 ANTIGONUS, 17, 32, 38, 39, 46, 49, 55, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 80, 83 APOLLO, oracle of, 13, 21, 27, 37, 46, 64 Arcadia, 30, 80 ARCHIDAMUS, 56, 58 Ariel, 74 Aristotle, 31 Arnold, Matthew, 15 Asp, Carolyn, 50-1, 91 AUTOLYCUS, 17, 18, 30, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 40, 69, 70-5, 87 Bacon, Francis, 25 Baldick, Chris, 15, 16, 86, 87 Barber, C.L., 45, 47, 90 Bartholomeusz, Dennis, 14, 52, 53, 72, 86, 92 Bateson, F.W., 60, 92 Beatrice (in Much Ado About Nothing), 79 Bethell, S.L., 17, 18, 20-2, 23, 24, 25, 32, 34, 57,69, 80,87 Biggins, Dennis, 67, 92 Bithynia, 14 Blackfriars Theatre, 64 Boethius, 50 Bohannan, Laura, 9, 92 Bohemia, 13, 14, 17, 25, 38, 68, 69, 72 Boleyn, Anne, 44 Bradley, A.C., 19, 92 Brown, John Russell, II, 71, 74, 75, 92 Brutus, 25 Bryant,J.A.,Jr, 25-6, 28, 88 Bunyan, John, 36 Burton, William, 71 CAMILLO, 18, 37, 40, 46, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 69, 72, 73, 79, 81, 82, 84, 85 Capnio, 40 Casebook on 'The Winter's Tale', 8, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 30, 32, 36, 52, 69, 71, 74, 86 Castiglione, Baldassare, 50 Christian approaches, 17, 20-2, 25, 32, 57 Clemen, Wolfgang, 19, 20, 87 CLEOMENES, 62, 64, 65 Cleopatra, 76 CLOWN, 43, 44, 67-8, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73-5, 81 Coghill, Nevill, 17-18, 87 Colie, Rosalie L., 34-5, 43, 89 Courtier, The, 50 Dante, 50 DION, 62, 64, 65 Dowden, Edward, 70-1 Draper, R.P., 53, 71, 92 Dryden, John, 15 Eagleton, Terry, 15, 33, 86, 90 Edwards, Philip, 24, 88 EMILIA, 79 Emilia (in Othello), 79 Eve, 49 Ewbank, Inga-Stina, 30-1, 88
INDEX 95 Falstaff, 70, 71 Faucit, Helen, 51 FI.ORIZEI., 17, 18, 29, 30, 37, 38, 39, 42, 45, 58, 61, 62, 69, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 80, 81, 82 Forman, Simon, 74 Fowler, Alastair, 26-7, 28, 88 French, A.L., 76, 92 French, Marilyn, 47-8, 49, 91 Freud, Sigmund, 45 Frye, Northrop, 31-3, 35, 39, 74, 80, 89 Furness, Horace Howard, 16, 56, 61, 79, 87 Garrick, David, 13, 14 Globe Theatre, 31, 64 Gourlay, Patricia Southard, 49-50, 91 Granville-Barker, Harley, 14, 52, 70, 84, 92 Greene, Robert, 38, 68 Gunpowder Plot, 63 Hanmer, Thomas, 14 Hartwig, Joan, 33-4, 89 Henley, W.E., 56 HERMIO!IOE, 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 25, 27, 31, 32, 35, 38, 39, 40, 44, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, 56, 57-8,59,60,61,62,65,66, 70, 75-9,80,81, 82,83-4,93 Hirsh, James E., 40, 90 James I, King, 25, 44, 63, 67, 68 James, D.C., 44, 93 Jamieson, Michael, 76, 93 Jardine, Lisa, 48-9, 91 Jeeves, 74 Jones, Gemma, 76, 93 Jonson, Ben, 15 Kean, Charles, 14, 52 Kemble, John Philip, 13, 14 Knight, G. Wilson, 14, 20, 21, 22, 24, 32, 34, 57, 71, 86, 87 Lamb, Charles, 51, 92 Lennox, Charlotte, 15 I.EONTES, 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 42, 44, 45-6, 47, 48,4~ 5~ 51, 52, 55, 56, 57, 58,59-63,64,65-6,67,68,69, 71, 73, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82,83-4, 85,88,91,92, 93 Levin, Richard, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 88 Lucas,John, 7, 56, 63, 78, 93 MacNeice, Louis, 18-19, 87 Macready, William, 51 MAMILLIUS, 25, 32, 36, 45, 65, 69, 70 MARINERS, 32, 67 Marx, Karl, 41-2 Masefield, John, 14 Melia, Joe, 71 Muir, Kenneth, 8, 52, 86, 87, 92 Nathan, :-.lorman, 76, 93 Nerissa (in The Merchant of Venice), 78 Othello, 27, 61 Pafford, J.H.P., 14, 63, 73, 86 Pandosto, 27, 32, 38, 39, 49, 68, 83 PAULINA, 20, 23, 25, 27, 33, 38, 46,48,50,51,52,53,62,65-6, 67, 71, 75, 78,79-80,82,83-4, 85, 91 PERDITA, 13, 17, 18, 25, 27, 29, 30, 38, 39, 42, 45, 48, 49, 50, 55, 58, 61, 62, 65, 66, 67, 69, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 80-1, 82, 84 Pilgrim's Progress, The, 36 POLIXENES, 23, 25, 29, 30, 37, 42,44, 45,46, 48,49, 56, 57, 58-9,60,61,62,63,69, 72, 73, 76, 77, 80,81, 82,84 Polonius, 36 Portia, 79 Puck, 74 Pyle, Fitzroy, 36, 39-41, 83, 90 Quiller-Couch, Sir Arthur, 15, 16-17, 74, 87,93
96 CRITICS DEBATE 'THE WINTER'S TALE' Reid, Stephen, 45, 91 Restoration, 75 Romano, Julio, 13, 17 Rosencrantz and Cui/dens/ern are Dead, 56, 93 Royal Shakespeare Company, 71, 76 Russia, Emperor of, 13 St Paul, 25, 77 Schanzer, Ernest, 8, 36-9, 41, 56, 58, 60, 64, 77, 90 Schwartz, Murray M., 44-6, 57, 91 Scrutiny, 22, 88 Seymour, William, 63 Shakespeare, William: Anton; and Cleopatra, 93; As You Like It, 35, 75, 93; Cpnbeline, 19; Hamlet, 9, I 0, 36; King Lear, 41, 55, 88, Merchant of Venice. The, 75, 78-9;.\1uch Ado About Nothing, 79; Othello, 27, 61, 79; Pericles. Prince of 1)'re, 19, 36-7, 90; Tempest, The, 19, 36, 88 SHEPHERD, 42, 43, 58, 67, 69, 73-5, 81 Shepherd, Simon, 63, 79, 91 Shylock, 79 Sicilia, 13, 25, 38, 68, 69, 79 Siddons, Sarah, 13, 14 Smith,Jonathan, 61,93 Spenser, Edmund, 29 Spurgeon, Caroline F.E., 19, 20, 87 Steevens, George, 61 Stewart,J.LM., 44, 47, 91 Stoppard, Tom, 56, 93 Stuart, Arbella, 63 Stuart, Henry (son of james I), 25 Swift, Jonathan, 72 Tale of a Tub, A, 72 Tayler, E.W., 29-30, 31, 88 THIRD GENTLEMAN, 23, 25, 82 TI~IE, 18, 30, 37, 64, 68 Tiv, The, 9, 10 Traversi, Derek, 22-4, 32, 34, 88 Uphaus, Robert W., 35, 89 Venus, 49, 50 \Veils, Stanley, 36, 89 Wickham, Glynne, 25-6, 28, 88 Wilson, john Dover, 75, 77,93 Wodehouse, P.G., 74