Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 1 UNIT STUDY LESSON PLAN Student Guide to Symphony No. 101 The Clock movements 2 & 3 by Franz Josef Haydn Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 2 Unit Contents I. Learning Goals II. Assignments a. Listening Assignment b. Practice Assignment c. Worksheet #1 d. Worksheet #2 e. Worksheet #3 III. Historical Notes a. About the Composition b. About the Composer c. About the Classical Period IV. Home Practice Guide V. Worksheets VI. Appendix a. Score I. Learning Goals By the end of this unit, the student will be able to: 1. Play his or her part to Symphony No. 101 (The Clock) movement 2 & 3 perfectly. 2. Play and identify scales and chords in G-major, g-minor, and Eb-major, D-major. 3. Define and use all words in the Glossary. 4. Diagram and explain the forms of the 2 nd and 3 rd movements. 5. Provide background information about F.J. Haydn, the Classical Era, and the other London Symphonies. Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 3 II. Assignments Before beginning work on the assignments for this unit, be sure to read through the packet completely. Your grade for this unit will be based on your mastery of the learning goals listed on the previous page. Be sure to review all terms in the Glossary before taking the quiz. This unit will take approximately 6 weeks to complete. Ms. Foley will guide you through its completion. Listening Assignment: Listen to recordings of Symphony No. 101 (The Clock) while following the score (Appendix), and answer the Listening Assignment questions. If a recording is not available, review the entire score while noting parts other than your instrument. Complete this assignment by Friday, Practice Assignment: soon as possible. See Home Practice Guide. Begin working on this assignment as Playing checks on this material beginning the week of. Worksheet Assignments: Complete Worksheet Assignment #1 by Friday,. Complete Worksheet Assignment #2 by Friday,. Complete Worksheet Assignment #3 by Friday,. Enrichment Exercises for this Unit: For Enrichment Exercise points relevant to this piece, you may select and complete one of the following projects: 1. Paint or draw a picture based on the feel of the movement. Be prepared to explain your artwork to the class. (3 points) 2. Choose a piece from the Suggested Listening (appendix) and do a Listening Assignment on it, comparing it to the Clock Symphony. (4 points) 3. Compose a 16-measure quartet in the classical style. Bring in copies of the piece and perform it with the class. (20 points) Completed Enrichment Exercises are due by the end of the marking period. Unit Quiz: The written assessment will be given during the week of and will be based on the materials in this Unit Study packet. A practice quiz and grading rubric will be distributed prior to the actual quiz. Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 4 III. Historical Notes About the COMPOSITION Symphony No. 101 The Clock is one of Haydn s London Symphonies, written during Haydn s visit to London from 1790-1795. During his employment by the Esterhazy family (one of the most powerful in the Austrian Empire), Haydn mostly composed for special events and for musicians he knew. This was important because there were no extended rehearsal periods back then you had one, maybe two rehearsals to get it right before the concert! When he was commissioned to write six symphonies for performance in London, Haydn s first priority was to learn as much as he could about the musicians, the concert hall, and the audiences of London. He knew that the British considered him, the greatest composer in the world and he was not about to disappoint them. Esterhazy Palace Musicologists agree that the six London Symphonies are in fact the pinnacle of Haydn s career. They do not differ from his earlier symphonies in terms of style, but it seems that Haydn s forty years of experience finally culminated into these brilliant works. One thing that Haydn knew about London audiences was that they loved surprises. In the London symphonies, there are many sudden dynamic changes, sforzandi, grand pauses (where you least expect them), and unexpected key changes. The second movement is the reason why this symphony is nicknamed The Clock. The tic-tock eighth note motive begins in the bassoons, and pizzicato strings. A beautiful and graceful melody in the first violins seems to float over the ticking of the clock, a stunning example of the pinnacle of Classical style. A minor section appears and creates a bit of drama, which is soon resolved back into a major key. As the movement progresses, the note values become shorter, but the steadfast ticking of the clock is still prevalent, holding the tempo steady until the very end. The minuet is a common form for the third movement of a symphony. (The second most common movement is the Scherzo, also in 3/4.) Haydn is the master of this form, creating a stately yet graceful minuet in D major. Dynamic contrasts are abundant because London audiences loved them! The rising octave and rising perfect fourth are motives found frequently throughout the minuet. During the A section of the trio, the strings fall back to accompany a flute solo. In the B section, a falling scale motive alternates between flute and bassoon, and is then echoed by the strings. As in all minuets, the minuet section repeats after the trio to close out the movement. Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 5 About the COMPOSER Franz Josef Haydn was born in Austria in 1732 and received his first music lessons from an uncle. He later became a choirboy in St. Stephen s Cathedral in Vienna, where he remained until his voice changed. In his early teen years he tried to support himself by being a freelance musician and music teacher. He was largely self-taught in music theory, using famous textbooks on the subject as his only teachers for a few years. He later was able to take composition lessons from Italian composer Nicola Porpora. Haydn s most notable position was that of court composer for Prince Esterhazy, an aristocrat whose family was devoted to Haydn and his music. Haydn remained in service of the Esterhazy family from 1761 until his death in 1809. Though he was twenty-four years older, Haydn became close friends with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who was also living in Austria. Perhaps the age difference wasn t an issue because Mozart and Haydn had matured musically to the same level? They were both accomplished musicians Haydn on violin and harpsichord and Mozart (mostly!) on piano. Both were prolific composers who spent much time attending to the small details of their compositions. Haydn is known both as the Father of the Symphony and Papa Haydn Father of the String Quartet due to his tremendous amount of work in both of these forms. He traveled to London in 1790 to compose and conduct six symphonies at the request of Johann Peter Salomon, a wealthy music patron. It was here that he composed The Clock Symphony. These symphonies were hugely successful because Haydn played to the likes of London audiences. For a time, Haydn was music teacher for the young Ludwig van Beethoven. As far as composers lives go, Haydn had a great one. He was constantly in service of a patron, his music was received successfully, and he left behind many pieces that are still in active use in today s repertoire. About the CLASSICAL STYLE Texture / Harmonies Simple Homophonic (melody and simple accompaniment) Not as much counterpoint like in the Baroque era Melodies Simple Even phrases Question and Answer Folk melodies provide inspiration Form Simple (seeing a pattern?) Two and three-part forms (Binary, Ternary) Simple forms become foundation to build other forms like sonata form Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 6 IV. Home Practice Guide Practice your part of Symphony No. 101 (The Clock), movement 2 & 3 until you can play it perfectly. Mastery of the skills below will help you perfect your part. Part I: Relevant Scales & Warm-Ups In your Resource Binder, find and practice your 3-octave scales and arpeggios for G-major, g-minor, Eb-major, and D-major as well as COFFEE and Hey Ho, Nobody s Home. Vary the exercises using the following articulations and dynamics. Articulations: legato, tenuto, sostenuto, staccato, spiccato Dynamics: pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff Work at developing your tone at volumes from pp to ff. Practice playing and singing the above scale exercises until you have perfected them. Mastery of your scales and related exercises will greatly improve your intonation in that key. Part II: Playing Check, Week of Everyone will have to perform the G, Eb or D major scale 3 octaves or the g-minor scale (melodic, harmonic, or natural) two octaves as part of the check. (Director s choice!!) Violin 1: II. box 5 -> m.110 AND III. m. 121-136 Violin 2: II. Minore->box 2 Viola: III. m. 1 - repeat Cello: III. m. 60 -> repeat Bass: III. m. 60 -> repeat The assessment will follow the format listed in the Orchestra Handbook. Playing check scores do not affect your grade, but will affect your eligibility to play in the concert. If you need help, sign up for a tutoring session after school. Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 7 V. Worksheets Listening Assignment Worksheet (1 page, plus score) Due: Friday, Directions: questions: Listen to the mp3s of the 2 nd movement while you answer the following 1) Is there a recurring theme in this movement? If so, name the measures where the theme reappears in its original form. 2) Let s assume this piece has three major sections. How are these sections divided? (Or, what does Haydn do to indicate a new section?) 3) Classical music relies much on symmetrical phrasing in melodies. How many measures is the melody that the first violins present at the start of the movement? How many phrases are in this melody? 4) Why can we describe the texture of the first section as homophonic? 5) What is the function of the bassoons at the beginning? Who else takes over this function and in what measures? Directions: questions: Listen to the mp3s of the 3 rd movement while you answer the following 6) Find and listen to another minuet & trio. Title: _ Composer: Compare and contrast it to ours. 7) Call and response or question and answer type phrases are common in the Classical Era. In your score, mark at least 4 places where these types of phrases occur. Draw a bracket around the question and label question and a bracket around the answer and label it answer. Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 8 Worksheet Assignment #1 Define Glossary Terms (2 pages) Due: Friday, Instructions: Define the following glossary terms using a music dictionary. There are plenty of great music dictionaries on the internet (Virginia Tech s is awesome!). If you don t have internet, you can borrow the ONE music dictionary we have in class. Binary Form Ternary Form Andante Minore Maggiore Sempre sextuplet double dot allegretto motive Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 9 minuet & trio natural minor scale (definition) - On the staff below, write a 2 octave g natural minor scale: harmonic minor scale (definition) - On the staff below, write a 2 octave g harmonic minor scale: melodic minor scale (definition) - On the staff below, write a 2 octave g melodic minor scale (up AND down): Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 10 Worksheet #2 Form (4 pages) Due: Friday, Step One: Listen to the 2 nd and 3 rd movements of The Clock Symphony. In pencil on your score, draw vertical lines in places where you think a new section begins. Remember there is a difference between a phrase (musical sentence) and a section (musical paragraph!). Step Two: In the chart, write descriptions of each section. Draw a star next to where your analysis of the 2 nd movement ends and the 3 rd movement begins. Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 11 Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 12 Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 13 Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 14 Worksheet #3 Primary Chords in G-major, g-minor, Eb-major, and D-major and selected harmonic analysis of movements 2 & 3 (2 pages, plus work in score) Due: Friday, Go to www.musictheory.net and under Utilities, select Chord Calculator. On the right, click G for G major. Then write out the notes for the I, IV, and V chords. In G major, the notes in the I chord are: - - I In G major, the notes in the IV chord are: - - IV In G major, the notes in the V chord are: - - V Go to www.musictheory.net and under Utilities, select Chord Calculator. On the right, click D for D major. Then write out the notes for the I, IV, and V chords. In D major, the notes in the I chord are: - - I In D major, the notes in the IV chord are: - - IV In D major, the notes in the V chord are: - - V Go to www.musictheory.net and under Utilities, select Chord Calculator. On the right, click Eb for Eb major. Then write out the notes for the I, IV, and V chords. In Eb major, the notes in the I chord are: - - I In Eb major, the notes in the IV chord are: - - IV In Eb major, the notes in the V chord are: - - V Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 15 Go to www.musictheory.net and under Utilities, select Chord Calculator. On the right, click G and minor for g-minor. Then write out the notes for the i, iv, and v chords. In g minor, the notes in the i chord are: - - i In g minor, the notes in the iv chord are: - - iv In g minor, the notes in the v chord are: - - v Find three instances of each chord in movement 2 or 3. Circle the chord and write in the key and chord symbol below it. Blank score = no credit for this worksheet. Fill it in! (Hint: It s in the back.) Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 16 UNIT QUIZ VERSION 1 Points ( /5) 1) Write the following chords in Eb-major. Don t forget the clef! I IV V ( /2) 2) Write the following chords in g-minor. Don t forget the clef! i iv v ( /3) 3) Describe why the 2 nd movement fits the classical style. (3 reasons) ( /3) 4) Describe why the 3 rd movement fits the classical style. (3 reasons) ( /3) 5) Write the g harmonic minor scale, up and down. Don t forget the clef! ( /1) 6) Define minore. ( /1) 7) Define binary form. ( /1) 8) Define sextuplet. ( /1) Name: FINAL SCORE: ( /20) 18-20=A, 16-17=B, 14-15=C, 12-13=D, below 12=F Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009
Unit Study Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) 17 UNIT QUIZ VERSION 2 Points ( /5) 1) Write the following chords in D-major. Don t forget the clef! I IV V ( /2) 2) Write the following chords in g-minor. Don t forget the clef! i iv v ( /3) 3) Describe why the 2nd movement fits the classical style. (3 reasons) ( /3) 4) Describe why the 3rd movement fits the classical style. (3 reasons) ( /3) 7) Write the g melodic minor scale, up and down. Don t forget the clef! ( /1) 8) Define maggiore. ( /1) 9) Define motive. ( /1) 10) Define sempre. ( /1) Mi, a Name I call myself: FINAL SCORE: ( /20) 18-20=A, 16-17=B, 14-15=C, 12-13=D, below 12=F Name: v. 1.0, last edited 3/27/2009