Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the M.A. Degree in Translation Studies Title: A Semiotic Study of Representations on Intercultural Translation of Book Covers Advisor: Dr. Farzan Sojoodi Reader: Dr. Farzaneh Farahzad By: Neda Rezaei February 2011 Tehran, Iran 2
Table of Contents Title ii Dedication. iii Acknowledgment. iv Table of contents.. v List of Appendixes.. x Abstract..1 Chapter One: Introduction 1.1Introduction... 3 1.2 Statement of the Problem.....4 1.3 Significance of the Study.. 4 1.4 Purpose of the Study.....5 1.5 Research Question...5 1.6 Research Hyposesis... 6 1.7 Theoretical Framework..... 6 1.8 Definition of the Key Term..... 6 Chapter Two: Review of the Related Litreture 2.1 Introduction.....10 2.2 Sign..........10 2.2.1 Saussure......10 2.2.2 Peirce...... 12 5
2.2.3 Bakhtin....13 2.2.4 Eco.. 14 2.2.5 Barthes 15 2.2.6 Derrida....16 2.3 Text.....17 2.3.1 Definition...17 2.3.2 Text from Halliday s View 20 2.3.3 Text Semiotics... 21 2.3.4 Text as a Verbal Message..22 2.3.5 Text as a Philosophical Paradigm..22 2.3.6 Textual Productivity and Intertextuality 33 2.3.7 Text in Cultural Semiotics.24 2.4 Intertextuality.30 2.4.1 Definition.... 30 2.4.2Translation as an Intertexul Practice.... 32 2.5 Semiosphere....36 2.5.1 Definition.... 36 2.5.2 Semiosphere and Translation......39 2.6 Semiotics Approach to Translation.....45 2.6.2 Cultural Gaps......5848 2.6.3 Redefinition of Equivalence...5949 2.7 Culture from the Point of View of Cultural Semiotics...49 2.7.1 Intercultural Communication....52 2.7.2 Translation as a Main Mechanism of Intercultural communication. 53 2.8 Translation Advertisement.6555 2.8.1 A Persuasive Advertisement......55 2.8.2 Functions of an Advertisement......55 6
2.9 Semiotranslation. 57 2.10 Stratificational Semiotics 57 2.10.1 the Concept of Sign. 58 2.10.2 Text..59 2.10.3 Codes,,.62 Chapter Three: Methodology 3.1 Overview 66 3.2 Corpus 66 3.3 Procedure...68 3.3.1 Data Collection......68 3.3.2 Data Analysis. 68 3.3.2.1 Visual Media.70 3.3.2.2 Books Cover Design...... 71 Chapter Four: Research Findings, Data Analysis and Discussion 4.1Research Findings.. 77 4.2Data analysis and Discussion.79 4.2.1 The First Trend.....79 4.2.1.1 Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf.. 79 4.2.1.2 Blindness by Jose Saramago...84 4.2.1.3 She Came to Stay by Simon de Beavoir......87 4.2.1.4 The House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende.....90 4.2.1.5 Bonjour Tristesse by Francoise Sagan.... 91 4.2.1.6 Ines of My Soul by Isabel Allende...93 4.2.2 The second trend......96 7
4.2.2.1 Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf.....96 4.2.2.2 to the lighthouse by Virginia Woolf.....97 4.2.2.3 You Don t Love Yourself by Natalie Sarrute.....99 4.2.2.4 Mandarins by Simon de Beauvoir.. 101 4.2.3 The Third Trend...103 4.2.3.1 35 Kilos of Hope by Anna Gavalda.......103 4.2.3.2 Daughter of Fortune by Isabel Allende....104 4.2.3.3 Blindness by Jose Saramago.....106 4.2.3.4 The room of one s own by Virginia Woolf.. 106 4.2.3.5 You Don t Love Yourself by Natalie Sarrute....111 4.2.4 Further contribution of the study.....111 4.2.4.1 I Wish Someone Were Waiting for me Somewhere by Anna Gavalda...111 4.2.3.2 Someone I loved by Anna Gavalda.... 115 4.2.3.3 The Planetarium by Natalie Sarrute....117 4.2.3.4 Childhood by Natalie Sarrute... 122 4.2.5 Data Statistical Review.123 Chapter 5: Conclusion and Implications 5.1 Restatement of the Research Questions....130 5.2 Restatements of the Hypotheses.... 130 5.3 Toward Presenting Reasonable Answers to the Research Questions 5.3.1 Frames and disconnection.......130 5.3.2 Author-text: Disconnection with Macro-Text and Mythical Meaning Generation....... 132 5.3.3 Unmarked Translators......134 8
5.3.4 Legitimization of Discourse......134 5.3.5 Reading Process.......136 5.4 Conclusion.........136 5.5 Suggestions for Further Researches... 137 References....139 List of Appendixes Appendix A1..144 Appendix A2..145 Appendix A3..146 Appendix A4..147 Appendix A5..148 Appendix A6..149 Appendix B1..150 Appendix B2..151 Appendix B3..152 Appendix B4..153 Appendix C1..154 Appendix C2.. 155 Appendix C3..156 Appendix C4..157 Appendix C5..159 Appendix D1...160 Appendix D2..161 Appendix D3..162 9
Appendix D4......163 10
Abstract The study reported on this thesis aimed at investigating intercultural relations involved in the translation process of book covers. A semiotic study of representations through systems of representation with a comparative analysis on the translation of book covers was undertaken. Due to the different socio-historical aspects, these representations vary in different cultures, and translation, besides its intermediary role between two cultures, plays a great role in creating meaning. Since the use of analytic possibilities of a discipline in other disciplines can lead to posing new questions, this study attempted to open a new window in Translation Studies by making use of the analytic possibilities of Cultural Semiotics. In the present study forty-three graphic designs of book covers were examined. Three different trends were spotted in the process of intercultural translations: 1) Translations which presented a completely different representation of the original; 2) Translations which have been reduced to an image of the author of the text; and 3) translations which bore some overt similarities with the original text. The results of the investigation suggest that absolute inclusion and exclusion in translation is impossible and translation in its cultural context and its discursive conditions creates its own text. Key Concepts: Culture, Cultural Semiotics, Cultural Texts, Sign, Text, Intercultural Translation, Inclusion, Exclusion 11
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منابع فارسی سجودی فرزان سجودی فرزان (١٣٨٧) نشانھ شناسی کاربردی تھران: نشر علم (١٣٨٨) نشانھ شناسی: نظریھ و عمل تھران: نشرعلم 152
چکیده این پژوهش کوشید تا از خلال نظامهاي بازنماي ی و بررسیاي تطبیقی به مطالعهي بازنماي یها در ترجمهي طراحیهاي روي جلد با رویکردي نشانهشناختی بپردازد. به دلیل وجوه گوناگون تاریخی_اجتماعی این بازنماییها از فرهنگی به فرهنگ دیگر تغییر میکند و ترجمه خود در این میان فارغ از نقشی واسطهاي میان دو فرهنگ خود در خلق معنا نقش بسزایی ایفا میکند. از آنجاي ی که استفاده از امکانات تحلیلی یک رشته در رشتههاي دیگر میتواند منجر به طرح مساي لی نو در نتایج شود این تحقیق نیز کوشید تا دریچهاي جدید به روي مطالعات ترجمه بگشاید که همان نشانه شناسی فرهنگی است. پژوهش در این 43 طرح روي جلد با رویکرد نشانهشناسی لایهاي مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از این بررسی تطبیقی با رویکردي نشانه شناختی سه رویکرد در ترجمه طراحی روي جلد را نشان داد: رویکرد نخست بازنماي ی کاملا متفاوت از متن انگلیسی فرآیند خوانش که به با توجه دانش شناختی بینامتنی و پیرامتنی فرهنگ مقصد صورت گرفت. با دوم رویکرد نادیده گرفتن تمام لایه هاي متن مبدا به تصویري از نویسنده تقلیل یافته و با کلان متن روایت گسست ایجاد شده بود. و در رویکرد سوم شباهت قابل توجهی میان دو متن برقرار بود اما در متن ترجمه عموما قاب بندي با متن فاصله ایجاد میکرد. بررسی ها نشان داد که طرد و جذب کامل در ترجمه غیرممکن است و ترجمه در بافت فرهنگی و میآفریند. شرایط گفتمانی خود متن خود را قابهاي خوانش مولف-نشانه و گسست متن جلد از کلان روایت بینشانی مترجم ارزیابی لایههاي مشروعیتبخش گفتمانی طرح جلد و چگونگی فرآیند خوانش در رابطه بینامتنی متن زبان اصلی و ترجمه نیز از دستا وردهاي تحلیلی پژوهش حاضر است. مفاهیم کلیدي: فرهنگ نشانهشناسی فرهنگی متن فرهنگی نشانه متن ترجمه بین فرهنگی جذب طرد رسانه دیداري 174
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات (M.A) پایان نامھ کارشناسی ارشد رشتھ مترجمی زبان انگلیسی موضوع: بررسی نشانھ شناختی بازنماي ی ھا در ترجمھ بینافرھنگی طرح روی جلد استاد راھنما دکتر فرزان سجودی استاد مشاور دکتر فرزانھ فرحزاد نگارنده ندا رضاي ی 176