bridge module indexa Step 1 The River Thmes p. 1 Step 2 I ws wtching TV when... p. 4 Step Free time p. 6 Step 4 Tlking bout experiences p. 8 nd Usge Simple Pst Used to Simple Pst vs. Pst Continuous Something, nything, nothing, everything Present Continuous s future To be going to Simple Future Present Perfect Present Perfect with just, lredy, yet, ever nd never Vocbulry nd Functions London Tlking bout the pst Tlking bout the pst Describing pictures Tlking bout future plns nd rrngements Mking predictions Tlking bout the wether Household chores Step 5 Strnge dys p. 10 nd Usge Present Perfect Continuous Durtion Form For or since Step 6 Amzing coincidences p. 12 Reltive pronouns If-cluses: - Zero nd First Conditionl Step 7 Keeping helthy p. 14 If-cluses: - Second Conditionl Vocbulry nd Functions Grdening Tlking bout recent holidy Descriptions nd definitions Tlking bout consequences Giving dvice Tlking bout hypotheticl situtions CEFR Self-ssessment p. 16
step 1 The river Thmes 1. Red the text nd underline the correct lterntive. The river Thmes bridge module 2. Answer the questions bout the text. 1. When did the writer use to wlk on Hmmersmith Bridge? 2. Wht mde tht experience unique?. Wht did the Thmes provide in the pst? 4. When did the river become plce of leisure? 5. Why did they close the Millennium Bridge? The River Thmes is one of the 1. best / most good fetures of London. When my son 2. were e / ws little, we. did use / used to wlk cross Hmmersmith Bridge. We sometimes 4. sitted / st down to wtch the sunset. The view of the river, the sound of the wves, the birds, the fish nd bots, 5. mde / mked this unique experience. The river 6. creted / crete the city nd, in terms of history, the Thmes is one of the gretest in the world. It 7. provided / provide route for settlers nd invders. It 8. ws / were e mens of trnsport for bots tht 9. crryed / crried goods nd people. During the 18 th century, there 10. were / ws n enormous expnsion in trde, nd London 11. become / becme the world s busiest port. In the 19 th century, there 12. were / ws n explosion of interest in the Thmes s plce of leisure, nd mny of the ctivities we enjoy on the river tody 1. strt / strted t tht time. Now there re bridges crossing the river, the most recent, the Millennium Bridge between the Tte Modern Gllery nd St Pul s Cthedrl, ws inugurted nd then closed becuse it 14. did swy / swyed. The 20 th century 15. seed / sw the construction of mny of the lndmrk buildings long the Thmes, including the Bnkside nd Btterse Power Sttions, Wterloo Bridge nd County Hll. your L o n d o n Guide one 1
step 1 The river Thmes Simple Pst Affirmtive form Regulr verbs R subject + bse form of verb + ed for ll persons. The river creted the city. Irregulr verbs R subject + 2 nd prt of the prdigm for ll persons. I st down to wtch the sunset. Negtive form (regulr nd irregulr verbs) subject + did + not + bse form of the verb Bots didn t crry only goods. Interrogtive form (regulr nd irregulr verbs) did + subject + bse form of the verb Did the 20 th century see the building of mny lndmrks? The Simple Pst tense is used for ctions which tke plce t specific time nd re concluded in the pst. R The Thmes provided route for settlers nd invders in the pst.. Complete the sentences with the Simple Pst form of the verbs in brckets. 1. I... (to invite) my friends to my birthdy prty. 2.... (they / to give) her present when they... (to leve)?. She... (not to drink) ornge juice yesterdy fternoon. 4. We... (to et) tost with jm for brekfst. 5.... (you / to red) ny emils yesterdy? 6. They... (not to wtch) TV lst night. 7. He... (to spend) his holidys in Austrli lst summer. 4. Reorder the pictures to tell Smuel Pepy s story. Use the Simple Pst of the verbs below. One night in September 1666 to light to go to wke up to open to put on to her to join to see to be to tke to get out to write b c d e f g h i j k l 2 two
5. Listen [ 1:1] to four people tlking bout wht they used to believe when they were children. Tke notes nd compre them with clssmte. Affirmtive form bridge module used to subject + used to + bse form of the verb Trcy used to wer uniform t school. Negtive form subject + didn t use to + bse form of the verb She didn t use to cre bout clothes. 1 2 Interrogtive form did + subject + use to + bse form of the verb Did the children use to ply with toys? Used to: describes n ction tht ws hbit in the pst but is no longer done in the present; contrsts hbitul ction in the pst with present ction. 4 6. Compre the pictures of London from the 1770s nd tody. Write sentences with used to bout the chnges. A Chelse, c. 1770 B Chelse tody three
step 2 I ws wtching TV when 1. Listen [ 1:2] to the news report bout crime nd underline the correct lterntive in the text. The 1. police / policemn re looking for the 2. murderer / burglr who. killed / broke into Mrs Abbot s house in Kensington Rod yesterdy. They believe it 4. ws / is mn of bout 5. twenty-five / thirty-five. It ws 11 o clock nd Mrs Abbot ws 6. wtching / turning on TV when she 7. herd / listened some footsteps upstirs. At first she 8. believed / thought it ws her imgintion, but then she 9. decided / stood up to phone the police. She suddenly 10. relized / sw tht her phone 11. wsn t working / wsn t ringing ringing. While she ws 12. climbing / going the stirs, 1. everyone / someone hit her on her hed nd she 14. fell / felt to the floor nd finted. When she cme to, she sw mn escping through the window crrying hevy 15. bg / box. box The police wnt to 16. tlk / tell to 17. nyone / no one who pssed by Mrs Abbot s house lst night. They hope someone sw the 18. thief / robber. robber 2. Write sentences bout the pictures using the Simple Pst nd the Pst Continuous. Exmple 1. She ws hving shower when the phone rng. 1 2 4 5 6. Complete the sentences with the correct pst form of the verbs in brckets. 1. 2.. st vs. Psst Simple Po C ntinuou When n ction tking plce in the pst is interrupted by single pst ction, the Pst Continuous is used for the ction tking plce nd the Simple Pst is used for the single completed ction. R While she ws phoning the 4. 5. 6. 7. police, someone hit her on the hed. 8. 4 four While I........................ (to wlk) to school, I........................ (to run) into n old friend......................... (he / to fll) off the ldder while he........................ (to decorte) the wll? When we........................ (to see) him, he........................ (to ride) his bike. When she........................ (to find) four-lef clover, she........................ (to mke) wish. While I........................ (to hve) bth, my brother........................ (to wtch) video. The two drivers........................ (not to qurrel) when the trffic wrden........................ (to rrive). My dughter........................ (to do) the wshing up while my husbnd........................ (to cler) the rubbish. When the mn........................ (to mug) her, she........................ (to screm).
something, nything, nothing, everythingerything someone/somebody nd something re used in ffirmtive nd interrogtive sentences when we expect the nswer to be yes or in offers nd requests. There is someone t the door. Is there something you wnt to tell me? Cn I get you something to drink? nyone/nybody nd nything re used in ffirmtive sentences with the mening of qulsisi, in interrogtive sentences when the nswer is doubtful nd in negtive sentences. You cn et nything you like. Is there nything I cn do for you? No, there isn t nything t the moment. no one/nobody nd nothing re lwys negtive nd re used with n ffirmtive verb. There is nothing in the fridge. I ll do the shopping. everyone/everybody nd everything re used in ffirmtive, interrogtive nd negtive sentences nd lwys require rd person singulr verb. Everyone is coming to my prty. bridge module 4. Complete the sentences with the correct indefinite pronoun. 1. There is... in your bg. It s empty. 2. I cn t find my wtch. Perhps... stole it in the gym.. Did you tke bsolutely...? Yes, I didn t leve... in the house. 4. They cried loudly but unfortuntely... herd them. 5. Did... see the robbers? No, they sid... ws there. 6. Are you busy? I hve... to tell you. 7. You cn buy... t Hrrods, from pin to n elephnt. 8. Would you like... from the ice-crem shop? 5. Look t the picture for two minutes. Then nswer the questions. 1. Did you see nything on the shelves? 2. Ws there nything written on the notice-bord?. Ws the techer holding nything in her hnds? 4. Ws nybody drinking te? 5. Ws nybody doing their test? 6. Ws nybody tlking on the phone? 7. Did you see nything on the techer s desk? 8. Ws there nybody outside the clssroom? five 5
step Free time 1. Red the informtion bout n Ester holidy nd nswer the questions below. 1. Wht gency re you going to trvel with? 2. Where re you going?. Where will you fly from? 4. Where re you going to sty? 5. Wht will the cost include? Fbulous Sicily Book your 5-dy specil tour now! Wht is your ide of perfect holidy? Would you like to relx on beutiful sndy bech by cler blue se? Then Sicily is the nswer! Besides its wonderful beches, Sicily is lso rich in history nd culture. You cn visit brethtking rcheologicl sites, bustling towns nd enjoy drmtic views while drinking wine nd eting delicious locl food. Deprture from Gtwick on 1 st April. Accommodtion in luxury hotel with privte bech. Full guided tour of the Vlley of the Temples on rd April included. Mgic World Your trvel experts 15, High St, Guildford 600 All inclusive 2. Complete the converstion using the Present Continuous. Mrtin: I 1.... (to go) to Frnce with Jo t Ester. 2.... (you / to come) too? Sheil: It would be gret, but I.... (to spend) my holidys in Sicily. Mrtin: Relly? Who 4.... (you / to go) with? Sheil: My sister Rose 5.... (to come) with me. Mrtin: When 6.... (you / to leve)? Sheil: On the 1 st of April. We 7.... (to fly) from Gtwick. Mrtin: How long 8.... (you / to sty) there? Sheil: Five dys. Mrtin: 9.... (you / to go) to Plermo? Sheil: Yes, nd we 10.... (to visit) the Vlley of the Temples, too. Mrtin: Gret! Hve nice holidy nd send me postcrd! to be going to Affirmtive form I m going to visit the British Museum. Interrogtive form Are you going to see the Vlley of the Temples? Negtive form She isn t going to buy ticket for New York. To be going to is used: 1. to express future plns nd intentions; R I m going to study hrder next yer. 2. immedite predictions bsed on intuition or present indictors. R The sky is relly drk. It is going to rin.. Write wht is going to hppen in ech picture. Present Continuous s future 1... 2... The Present Continuous is used for plnned ctions (booked or confirmed) in the future nd is lwys used with reference to specific time nd/or plce (tonight, tomorrow, on/next Sturdy, next week the doctor s, the thetre, the dentist s). R I m tking tour of Sicily in two weeks. 6 six... 4...
bridge module 4. Complete the sentences with to be going to or the Present Continuous. 1. How mny people... (to come) to the concert tonight? 2. The Queen... (to open) the Prlimentry session next month.. I sw Mry in town yesterdy. She... (to hve) bby. 4. Wtch out for tht flower pot! It... (to fll)! 5. I... (to go) to bed erly tonight becuse I m very tired. 6. Be creful! You... (to hurt) yourself. 7. Dn Brown s ltest novel... (to come) out tomorrow. 8. Oh der! Look t tht mn. He... (to fll) off tht ldder. Simple Future Affirmtive form Cities will become more crowded in the future. Interrogtive form Will this encourge people to use crs less? Negtive form They won t be ble to find the house. The Simple Future is used to express: 1. spontneous decision t the time of speking; R Wit, I ll open the door for you. 2. predictions bsed on certinty or opinion with verbs like: to think, to know, to hope, to expect, to be sure; R I think prices will increse drmticlly in the next few months.. promise or resolution; R I will stop eting so much chocolte. 4. n inevitble future fct or event. R It will be my birthdy tomorrow. 6. Complete the sentences with the correct future form. 1. This bg is very hevy. Don t worry, I... (to crry) it for you. 2. They... (to work) for n importnt lw firm fter they grdute.. Do you think my mother... (to like) her birthdy present? 4. The flight to Tokyo... (not to lst) 1 hours. 5. Do you think the children... (to et) this dish? 6. We... (to hve) dinner t fncy resturnt tonight. Why? We... (to celebrte) our nniversry. 7. Wht... (you / to tell) him? I don t know wht I... (to sy), but I m sure he... (to be) kind to me. 8. Look! The old ldy... (to cross) the street. I hope tht cr... (to stop). 7. Write dilogue using the instructions below. You nd your friend re rrnging to go out together on Sturdy night. Your friend 1. Ask your friend if he/she hs ny plns for the weekend. 2. Sy you hve no plns.. Suggest going out for drink. 4. Disgree nd suggest eting out. 5. Ask where you re going to et. You 6. Sy tht there is new resturnt in the town centre nd you think they serve Jpnese food. 5. Put the verbs in the correct form of the Simple Future. 1. I feel exhusted. I think I... (to hve) rest. 2. We... (probbly / to et) met for dinner.. Don t worry! I... (to mke) tht telephone cll for you. 4. Wht... (you / to do) if you miss your trin? 5. I m sure he... (not to rrive) on time. 6.... (your dd / to help) us with our science project? 7. I... (not to tell) Andrew bout his surpise prty. 7. Sy tht you hve no intention of eting Jpnese food. Suggest going out for pizz. 8. Agree. Arrnge where nd when to meet. 9. Sy where nd when. 10. Agree nd sy goodbye. seven 7
step 4 Tlking bout experiences ct Present Perfe wether Affirmtive form subject + hve / hs + pst prticiple bulletin Interrogtive form hve / hs + subject + pst prticiple SnowStormS Hit EuropE Hevy snowstorms hve hit severl Europen countries. These re the worst storms Europe hs seen for yers. The snow hs reched the height of four metres in some res nd hs covered city streets nd motorwys. One pssenger hs died in Belgium nd severl other people hve been injured. Fllen trees hve blocked rods in Germny nd dmged prts of buildings. Thousnds of people in northern Europe hve lost electricity. Experts sy tempertures hve never reched these lows so erly in the seson. The wether forecst for tomorrow is not encourging nd the county uthorities hve lredy drwn up n emergency pln for icy tempertures during the coming week. Snowstorms hve hit Europe. Hs the snow covered the houses? Negtive form subject + hve / hs + not + pst prticiple I hven t been out in the snow. The Present Perfect tense is used to express pst ctions without specific time definition or ctions whose time hsn t finished. 2. Write the correct form of the Present Perfect of the verbs in brckets. 1. 2.. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8................... (you / ever / to be) to Englnd? She.................. (to lose) her keys. They.................. (not to spek) to him. Where.................. (Lindy / to go)? To the chemist s. The rescue workers.................. (to tke) the injured people to the hospitl. The snow.................. (to cover) the roofs of the houses................... (he / to come) bck home? I.................. (not to red) the book you gve me. justt, rfect with e r Present Pe n verr,, nd ve lredy, yett,, e The Present Perfect is often used with: just ((= ppen) in ffirmtive sentences, plced between the uxiliry nd the pst prticiple; 1. Red the text nd correct these sttements. 1. 2.. 4. 5. One metre of snow hs covered the streets. Eight people hve died. TTrees hve fllen nd dmged the motorwys. The wether will certinly improve tomorrow. The uthorities hve not mde ny rescue pln yet. 8 eight R Henry hs just rrived. lredy ((= già) in ffirmtive sentences, plced between the uxiliry nd the pst prticiple; R Slly hs lredy seen tht film. yet? ((= già) in interrogtive sentences, plced t the end of the min cluse; R Hs Slly wtched the news yet? not yet ((= non... ncor) in negtive sentences, plced t the end of the min cluse; R We re still witing for Henry. He hsn t rrived yet. ever ((= = mi? mi?)) in interrogtive sentences, plced between the subject nd the pst prticiple; R Hve you ever hd n ccident? never ((= = non... mi mi)) in negtive sentences without not, plced between the uxiliry nd the pst prticiple. R They hve never seen so much snow.
bridge module. Write wht Allie hs lredy done nd wht she hsn t done yet using the verbs below. In picture A Allie is clening her bedroom. In picture B it s two hours lter nd she is still working. A dust do the hoovering tidy mke hng up iron wsh empty sweep Exmple Allie hs lredy dusted the furniture. 4. Mtch the phrses in the first column with response from the second. Then rewrite the responses using the dverbs in brckets. 1. Would you like something to drink? 2. Do you know the Prkers?. Cn you lend me your cr? 4. Cn you ply the guitr? 5. Why is he so tired? 6. Why do you look so upset? 7. Where re the students? 8. Wht beutiful dress!. They hve gone to the lnguge lb. (lredy) b. I hve hd ny lessons. (never) c. No, I hven t met them. (yet) d. I m sorry, I hve tken it to the mechnic s. (just) e. I bought it t Mel s. Hve you been there? (ever) f. Someone hs stolen my bg. (just) g. He hs hd n wful dy t work. (just) h. No, thnks. I ve hd glss of wter. (lredy) 5. Complete the sentences in logicl wy using the Present Perfect. 1. She is worried becuse........................................................................................................................................................................................ 2. He hs gone to the doctor s becuse.............................................................................................................................................................. I m not hungry becuse.................................................................... B.................................................................................................................... 4. Don t touch the oven becuse.......................................................................................................................................................................... 5. They hve no money becuse........................................................................................................................................................................... 6. Complete the sentences with the Simple Pst or the Present Perfect of the verbs in brckets. 1. We.................................... (not to go) to disco lst night. 2..................................... (you / to hve) lunch yet? Yes, I.................................... (lredy / to et).. It.................................... (not to stop) snowing yet. 4..................................... (he / ever / to ply) bsebll? No, but he.................................... (just / to be) to see mtch. 5..................................... (you / to give) up smoking lst week? 6. I.................................... (never / to know) the truth bout the ccident. 7. She.................................... (to spend) the night in hospitl fter the snowstorm. 8. Jim.................................... (to crry) hevy bg yesterdy nd now he hs bckche. nine 9
step 5 Strnge dys rfect Present Pneu Conti ous. Listen [ 1:] to this strnge story nd complete the sttements below. The Present Perfect Continuous is formed s follows: subject + hve / hs + been + -ing form It is used to express n ction or sitution tht hs just finished nd whose effects re still visible in the present. R I m very tired becuse I ve been working in the grden. 1. Look t the picture. Louise is exhusted becuse she hs been working in the grden ll dy. Write sentences bout wht she hs been doing. Use the verbs below. wter plnt mow pint throw wy pick up repir 2. Ask nd nswer questions bout the picture with clssmte. Exmple Hs Louise been wtering the flowers? 10 ten Pul Blir hs been 1................................................... for five yers. He works in 2.......................... At night he................................................... in his own kitchen. He cooks while he is 4........................... Pul hs been sleepwlking 5...................................................................................................... His prents were frid he might 6.................................................... His wife hs seen him mking 7.......................... every night for 8................................................... now. He tstes 9................................................... every time. But he hs never 10....................................................
pst Durtion Form present future The Durtion Form is used for ctions tht begn in the pst but still continue in the present. In Itlin the equivlent ction is expressed using the present tense, but in English it is expressed with the Present Perfect Continuous. R Mry studi inglese d sei nni. = Mry hs been studying English for six yers. In negtive sentences the Present Perfect Simple is normlly used. R Non mngio d due ore. = I hven t eten for two hours. Sttive verbs of opinion, feelings, involuntry perception, possession or desire do not usully tke the continuous form nd use the Present Perfect Simple to express the sme concept. R E in cucin d due ore. = He hs been in the kitchen for two hours. / Lo conosco d qundo ervmo piccoli. = I hve known him since we were children. bridge module 5. Write the time expressions in the correct column. lst week three dys two months dinnertime yesterdy fternoon ges the 19 th century few minutes 5.0 10 yers October 14 th I ws twelve lst summer moment Fridy night long time 1992 six hours FOR three dys........................... SINCE lst week... 4. Complete the sentences with the Durtion Form of the verbs in brckets. 1. She... (to write) n essy for hours. 2.... (Mum / to do) the shopping since three?. It... (to be) sunny for dys. 4. John... (not to ski) since he ws six. 5. They... (to wit) for the bus for ten minutes. 6.... (you / to study) history since lunchtime? 7. I... (to hve) this cr since September. 8. He... (not to et) nything since this morning. pst since for or since for present Since indictes the beginning g of period of time in which n ction hs tken plce. R Pul hs been the best chef in New York since 2005. For indictes the length of time the ction hs tken plce. R We ve been going out for five yers. Usge How long? is used in questions bout durtion. R How long hs Pul been chef?........................ 6. Rewrite the sentences using the Durtion Form. Add for or since where necessry. 1. I strted to study Spnish two yers go. I hve been studying Spnish for two yers. 2. She moved to Edinburgh in 2000..... The lst time I sw Jne ws three months go.... 4. Sylvi gve up skiing when she broke her leg.... 5. We bought this house lst summer.... 6. The Browns rrived here t ten o clock.... 7. I stopped drinking coffee when I ws twenty.... 8. It strted to rin two hours go.... eleven 11
step 6 Amzing coincidences 1. Red the text nd decide if the sttements re TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Correct the flse ones. 1. The twin brothers were born in the USA. T F 2. They were brought up together. T F. They hd different nmes. T F 4. They were both good t working with wood. T F 5. Their wives hd the sme nme. T F 6. They gve similr nmes to their sons. T F 7. They both mrried once. T F 8. They hd no pets. T F 9. They never met. T F reltive pronouns TWIN BOYS The stories of identicl twins nerly identicl lives re often stonishing, like this one of two identicl twins tht were born in Ohio. The twin boys, who were seprted t birth, were dopted by different fmilies. Unknown to ech other, both fmilies nmed the boys Jmes. And here the coincidences just begin. Both grew up not even knowing of the other, yet both hd bilities in mechnicl drwing nd crpentry nd ech mrried womn nmed Lind. They both hd sons, whom one nmed Jmes Aln nd the other nmed Jmes Alln. The twin brothers lso divorced their wives nd mrried other women who re both nmed Betty. And they both owned dogs which they nmed Toy. Forty yers fter their childhood seprtion, the two men were reunited to shre their mzingly similr lives. TWIN LIVES Subject People Animls / things who / tht which / tht Object whom / tht which / tht Indirect object Possession whose preposition + whom preposition + which whose I knew the boys who were seprted t birth. Hve you red the story which speks bout the twins lives? Hve you seen the dog whose nme is Toy? The progrmme in which she ws interested ws on the BBC. (forml use only) Whom, which nd tht cn be omitted when they re the object. The twins (whom) I red bout were born in Ohio. I like the nme (tht / which) you chose for your dog. Which cn refer to complete phrse which is preceded by comm. She drinks very little wter, which is bd for her helth. 2. Complete the sentences with suitble reltive pronoun when necessry. 1. Tht is the couple... bought the Smiths house. 2. The bus... goes to the rilwy sttion runs every twenty minutes.. The girl... is tlking to Brin is my brother s girlfriend. 4. This is the room in... I lwys study. 5. The cke... you mde is delicious. 6. The old mn... they sw t the exhibition is fmous pinter. 7. I cn t sleep very well t night,... mkes me tired nd gitted. 8. A lwyer is person... works in court. 12 twelve
. Mtch the word to its definition. Then write complete sentences using indefinite nd reltive pronouns. Exmple 1. A butcher is someone who sells met. 1. A butcher 2. A tepot. A teetotller 4. A specttor 5. A suitcse 6. A pssport 7. An rchitect 8. A dishwsher 4. Listen [ 1:4] nd number the pictures in the correct order. Wht will hppen if I succeed?. sells met. b. pck your clothes into. c. designs houses. d. to mke te. e. wtches film. f. to go brod. g. to wsh dishes. h. never drinks lcohol. bridge module if f- -cluses: Zero nd First Conditionl Zero Conditionl If-cluse: if + Simple Present Min cluse: Simple Present The Zero Conditionl indictes fctul, very probble or inevitble result. R If you think of the negtive consequences, you don t chieve your gol. First Conditionl If-cluse: if + Simple Present Min cluse: Simple Future If she gets slimmer, she ll hve to buy new clothes. The First Conditionl (periodo ipotetico del 1 tipo) is used: 1. to express concrete future possibility; If I hve enough money, I ll buy bigger house. R If you lose the mp, you ll get lost. 2. for wrnings. 5. Complete the sentences with the Zero or First Conditionl. c b d 1. If you... (to put) ice cubes into wter, they... (to melt). 2. If we... (to go) to englnd, we... (to hve to) chnge our euros to pounds.. If they... (to visit) London, they... (to see) Big Ben. 4. If you... (not to wter) plnt, it... (to die). 5.... (he / to sk) policemn for directions if he... (not to find) the wy? 6. If you... (to run out) of fuel, the cr... (to stop). 7. If I... (not to feel) well, I... (not to ply) tennis tomorrow. 8. If you... (to brek) mirror, you... (to hve) seven yers of bd luck. 6. Answer the questions using the First Conditionl. e f Wht will hppen if 1. you get dte with the boy/girl you fncy?... 2. you ern some pocket money?.... your prents leve you the house free for the weekend?... 4. you get bd mrk t school? g h... 5. you lose your wllet?... thirteen 1
step 7 Keeping helthy 1. Listen [ 1:5] to Doctor Judge s dvice bout keeping helthy nd complete the tble below. QUESTION 1 Doctor s question Doctor s dvice QUESTION 2 Doctor s question Doctor s dvice QUESTION Doctor s question Doctor s dvice QUESTION 4 Doctor s question Doctor s dvice QUESTION 5 Doctor s question Doctor s dvice QUESTION 6 Doctor s question Doctor s dvice 14 fourteen
if f- -cluses: Second Conditionl If-cluse: if + Simple Pst Min cluse: Present Conditionl If you took vitmins, you d (would) feel better. bridge module 4. Write sentences in the Second Conditionl sying wht you would do in the following situtions. The Second Conditionl (periodo ipotetico del 2 tipo) is used for hypotheticl situtions which cn be possible or imginry. R If I were sick, I would get some rest. In the if-cluse were is used for ll persons of the verb to be. R If I were you, I d et helthy food. In the min cluse, should is used insted of would to express dvice. 2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brckets. 1. If we got lift, we... (to rrive) in time to see the mtch. 2. If I... (to be) you, I d tke vitmin C.. Wht... (to hppen) if you left bottle of wter in the freezer? 4. If you... (to get) flu vccine in utumn, perhps you would hve less chnce of getting cold. 5. If you tried to lift tht hevy tble, you... (to hurt) yourself. 6. You... (to ply) bsketbll better if you trined hrder. 7. If you... (not to sleep) properly, you wouldn t be ble to study. 8. You wouldn t get lost in New York City if you... (to hve) mp.. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use should insted of would for dvice. not wer sty put give get do tke persist sprin buy tke brek hve ctch 1. If you... wrm clothes in winter, you... cold. 2. I... in bed if I... high temperture.. If the doctor... you some pills, (you)... them? 4. Wht (she)... if she... her nkle? 5. If the bckche..., he... pinkiller. 6. (we)... some mixture t the chemist s if the cough... worse? 7. If you... leg, you... it in plster. 1 Your fridge doesn t work. Your mother hs sked you to help her prepre the Christms dinner. 5 You re elected Prime Minister of your country. 2 You re leving for your business trip tomorrow, but you hve forgotten to book hotel....... 4 Your friend hs given you lovely sweter for your birthdy. 6 You see your fvourite ctor. fifteen 15
Self-ssessment The descriptors on this pge re bsed on CEFR (Common Europen Frmework of Reference). Think bout the level you hve reched in every bility nd tick the correct column. Then discuss your results with your techer. I cn do it! I cn do it confidently! I cn t do it! Listening xxx xx x B1 I cn understnd detils bout crime or medicl dvice. B1 I cn identify specific informtion in simple speech. B1 I cn understnd short nrrtive. B1 I cn understnd people tlking bout pst experiences. B1 I cn understnd people mking predictions. Reding B1 I cn skim holidy brochure to identify the most importnt pieces of informtion. B1 I cn understnd the min points in short rticle. B1 I cn skim nd scn n rticle for specific informtion. Spoken interction B1 I cn tlk bout pst events or ctivities. B1 I cn discuss pictures bout fmilir topics. B1 I cn compre nd contrst photos. B1 I cn mke rrngements. B1 I cn discuss helth. B1 I cn mintin collbortive tsk on n everydy topic. Spoken production B1 I cn mke promises, predictions nd resolutions for the future. B1 I cn give short ccount of my life story, plns nd mbitions. B1 I cn give short ccount of my experiences. B1 I cn describe nd give definitions using indefinite nd reltive pronouns. Use of lnguge B1 I cn mke predictions. B1 I cn describe recent nd pst experiences. B1 I cn express hypotheticl rections or consequences. B1 I cn give dvice. Writing B1 I cn write simple story. B1 I cn write dilogue following instructions.