Unit 3: Poetry How does communication change us? Communication involves an exchange of ideas between people. It takes place when you discuss an issue with a friend or respond to a piece of writing. Communication is the understanding you get when you read a poem. It is the empathy you feel for others after listening to an interview with victims of natural disasters. All of this communication may change us, but how? Answer the questions below: 1. Does it make us smarter, wiser, kinder, angrier? 2. Does it make us better people or more experienced? Characteristics of Poetry Poetry is literature in verse form. Poems have. Central message or insight into life revealed through a work Poems use concise, musical, and to express multiple layers of meaning. The focus of poetry is to make a BIG impact, using as FEW words as possible. Word choice, or diction, of an author is immensely important in poetry. How to Read Poetry is reading smoothly and continuously. It includes understanding what you read and enjoying the art and skill of the writer Read in sentences: to figure out where to pause or stop, pay attention to the punctuation, Use your : to understand the meaning of what you read, pay attention to words that appeal to sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. Types of Poetry tells a story and has a plot, characters, and a setting long narrative about the feats of gods or heroes EXAMPLE: The Odyssey songlike narrative that has short stanzas and a refrain, usually feature repetition and strong meter Many songs are ballads pick your favorite
tells a story using a character s own thoughts or spoken statements Soliloquies, dramatic monologues, etc. are forms (Shakespeare loved them!) express the feelings of a single speaker (most common in modern literature) Sonnets (Like the one in the Rhyme Scheme slide) are good examples of Lyrical Poems Elements of Poetry : The speaker in a poem serves the same function as the narrator in a story: to tell the poem. and : most poetry is arranged in lines and stanzas, or grouping of lines. = 2 lines Tercet = 3 lines = 4 lines Figurative Language use like or as to compare dissimilar things compares by speaking of one thing as if it is another gives human traits to nonhuman things descriptive language (adjectives) that creates vivid impressions (use of the 5 senses) Rhythm and Meter Language has its own natural rhythms, created by the ( ) and ( ) syllables of words. Poets make use of this innate property of language to create, or rhythmic patterns. The stressed and unstressed syllables are then divided into units called. : Each foot is made up of one unstressed and one stressed syllable. Wrinkled sea Rhythm and Meter: Mark the Rhythm and Meter of the following poem Hickory, Dickory, Dock Hickory, dickory dock, The mice ran up the clock. The clock struck one, The mice ran down. Hickory, dickory, dock.
Rhyme In addition to meter, poets use other sounds devices, or techniques that create musical effects. Rhyme Exact, or : words that end in both the same vowel and the same consonant sound. Sun and fun. : words that end in a similar but not exact sound proved and loved : rhyming words that fall at the end of two or more lines crawls, walls, falls from The Eagle : rhyming words placed within a line The mouse in the house woke the cat. Rhyme Scheme : A set pattern of rhyme The rhyme scheme is identified by assigning a different letter of the alphabet to each rhyme. Rhyme scheme helps shape the structure of a stanza and clarifies the relationships among the lines. fourteen line lyric poem consisting of three quatrains and a couplet, usually r Shakespeare s Sonnet 18 Rhyme/English Sonnet: Sonnet 116 (Shakespeare) ----Find the rhyme scheme of the poem Shall I compare thee to a summer s days? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer s lease hath all too short a date. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometimes declines, By chance, or nature s changing course, untrimmed; But they eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow st, Nor shall death brag thou wand rest in his shade, When in eternal lines to Time thou grow st. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Sound Devices : the use of any language element more than once (I Have a Dream speech) (initial rhyme) the repetition of the first consonant sound of words (vowel rhyme) the repetition of vowel sounds in words that are close to each other in a poem the green leaves flutter in the breeze the repetition of consonants within words that are close to each other in a poem The king sang a song the use of words to imitate sound. The bees buzzed, and the brook gurgles.
Sound Devices Alliteration : Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet ---- What consonant is repeated? From forth the fatal loins of these two foes; A pair of star-cross d lovers take their life. Assonance: Dylan Thomas Do Not Go Gentle into the Good Night ----What vowel sound is repeated? Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage, against the dying of the light. Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight, Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Consonance: Emily Dickinson, T was later when the summer went Which consonant within words are repeated? T was later when the summer went Than when the cricket came, And yet we knew that gentle clock Meant nought but going home. T was sooner when the cricket went Than when the winter came, Yet that pathetic pendulum Keeps esoteric time. Onomatopoeia: Katy Perry, Firework Which words represent sound? Do you see any other literary devices being used? Baby you're a firework Come on let your colors burst Make 'em go "Oh, oh, oh!" You're gonna leave 'em fallin' down Boom, boom, boom Even brighter than the moon, moon, moon It's always been inside of you, you, you And now it's time to let it through
Haiku verse form with three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables Basho Matsuo An old silent pond... A frog jumps into the pond, splash! Silence again. Breakdown the Syllables Temple bells die out. The fragrant blossoms remain. A perfect evening! Chiyojo Dragonfly catcher, How far have you gone today In your wandering? Bearing no flowers, I am free to toss madly Like the willow tree. Free Verse no set pattern of rhythm and rhyme Fog by Carl Sandburg The fog comes on little cat feet. It sits looking over harbor and city on silent haunches and then moves on. Key Terms is the use of similar grammatical forms or patterns to express similar ideas. : the cultural or historical context of a story, poem, or other work of literature is the specific time and place where it was written. : form of autobiography : using your own words to tell what someone else has written or said 1. When you paraphrase a poem, you express of the poem in a simpler way.