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Passive Voice Have you ever thought about how things are made? 1. Read the sentences in active voice and in passive voice. a) Underline the subject in each sentence in red. b) Circle the verbs in blue. c) Underline the objects in green. d) Circle the by-agents in yellow. 1. Long time ago someone has invented plastic containers. (active) Long time ago plastic containers have been invented by someone. (passive) 2. Big machines produce the plastic bottles. (a) The plastic bottles are produced by big machines. (p) 3. They make plastic bottles from oil. (a) Plastic bottles are made from oil by them. (p) 4. We recycle most plastic bottles. (a) Most plastic bottles are recycled by us. (p) 5. In future we will make containers from different materials. (a) In future containers will be made from different materials by us. (p) 2. Look at 1 again. Read the different rules and tick the correct answers. Sentencesnces R W a) Subject and Object stay the same. b) The object from the active sentence ence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. c) The active verb changes in passive voice. d) The verb doesn t change in passive voice. e) The subject from the active sentence nce becomes the by-agent in passive voice. Watch out! Passive voice is used Form of the passive voice to emphasise (betonen) the action when the actor (by-agent) is not important to describe procedures (in jobs, in recipes ) We recycle the plastic bottles. A specialist is repairing the machine. She was watching the process. He cleaned the machines. They have stopped the machines. They had stopped the old machine. They will buy new machines. Plastic bottles are recycled by us. The machine is being repaired by a specialist. The process was being watched by her. The machines were cleaned by him. The machines have been stopped by them. The old machine had been stopped by them. New machines will be bought by them. Persen Verlag 1
Passive Voice 3. Which sentences in passive voice are correct? Tick the correct answers in the grid. Sentences R W a) The work is done by modern machines. b) The oil has being pumped into a form. c) The machines will be cleaned at nights. d) The plastic forms have be cooled down. e) The oil pipelines are being repair at the moment. f) Plastic bottles are used all over the world. g) Many plastic containers are throwing in the sea. h) Small plastic particles will be eaten by fish. 4. Correct the wrong sentences from 3. Put them into passive voice. 5. Read the story of the plastic bottle. Write a report about how a bottle is made in your exercise er book. Put the sentences into passive voice. a) A machine drills oil from the ground. b) Pipelines send the oil to a special factory. c) Boilers heat up the oil. d) A machine makes one liquid part of the oil into small hard pieces. e) Another machine melts the plastic pieces. f) Then it pours the plastic into a form. g) Water cools the form. The plastic goes hard. h) A machine opens the form. There is the bottle. i) Trucks will take the bottles to many different factories. j) More machines will fill them with drinks, ketchup or any other product. k) People like you buy the bottles. l) Before, planes, trains, boats or cars have sent the bottles to shops around the world. m) And a special machine has labeled the bottles. Persen Verlag 2
Solutions: Passive Voice 1. Subject / Object / verb / by-agent 1. Long time ago someone has invented plastic containers. Long time ago plastic containers have been invented by someone. 2. Big machines produce the plastic bottles. The plastic bottles are produced by big machines. 3. They make plastic bottles from oil. Plastic bottles are made from oil by them. 4. We recycle most plastic bottles. Most plastic bottles are recycled by us. 5. In future we will make containers from different materials. In future containers will be made from different materials by us. 2. Sentences R W a) Subject and Object stay the same. b) The object from the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. c) The active verb changes in passive voice. d) The verb doesn t change in passive voice. e) The subject from the active sentence becomes the by-agent in passive voice. 3. Sentences R W a) The work is done by modern machines. b) The oil has being pumped into a form. c) The machines will be cleaned at nights. d) The plastic forms have be cooled down. e) The oil pipelines are being repair at the moment. ment. f) Plastic bottles are used all over the world. g) Many plastic containers are throwing in the sea. h) Small plastic particles will be eaten en by fish. 4. b) The oil has been pumped into a form. d) The plastic forms have been cooled down. e) The oil pipelines pelin are being repaired at the moment. g) Many plastic containers are thrown in the sea. 5. a) Oil is drilled from the ground by a machine. b) The oil is sent to a special factory by pipelines. c) The oil is heated up by boilers. d) One liquid part of the oil is made into small hard pieces by a machine. e) The plastic pieces are melted by another machine. f) Then the plastic is poured into a form by it. g) The form is cooled by water. h) The form is opened by a machine. i) The bottles will be taken to many different factories by trucks. j) They will be filled with drinks, ketchup or any other product by more machines. k) The bottles are bought by people like you. l) Before the bottles have been sent to shops around the world by planes, trains, boats or cars. m) And the bottles have been labeled by a special machine. Persen Verlag 3
Conditional II If I were you, I would repeat the Conditional Clauses II very carefully. 1. Complete the sentences. Use verbs in past simple. a) If you (buy) this game, we could play together. b) I would help you if I (have) the time. c) Would you come to the zoo with me if I (ask) you? d) If you (not work) there, she would never enter this cafe. e) If they (leave) earlier, they would get there in time. f) I wouldn t know her if we (meet) her in town. g) If they (give) a concert in Germany, I would go there. h) I would call him right now if I (be) you. (Attention!) 2. Fill in the correct form of Conditional II. a) If she had enough money, she (fly) to Hawaii. b) My mum (be) happy if I had a B in my test. c) If he had to do this job, he (hate) it. d) I (not answer) the phone if she called me that early. e) They (get) upset if you didn t come. f) If you asked him, he (not go) there. g) If you hurried up, we (arrive) in time. h) My sister (take) us to town if she had a car. Watch out! You use the Conditional nal II to say what would happen if something else happened first. The chance of happening is possible but very unlikely. Each Conditional sentence has got two parts: the if-clause (conditional clause) e.g. If I won the lottery, I would by 100 pairs of shoes. the main clause She would go to the concert if she had the money. In Conditional II you use past simple in the if-clause, e.g. If she came to my party, I would ask her for date. If she didn t come to my party, I would be upset. In Conditional II you use would/could/should + Infinitive in the main clause. e.g. I would invite you, if I had a party. He could help you, if he wanted to. Remember: If I were you NOT If I was you No would in the if-clause! Persen Verlag 4
Conditional II 3. What would or wouldn t happen if? Complete the if-clauses. Shannon had a bad dream last night. She tells her mum at breakfast. I dreamed that I didn t hear my alarm this morning If I (not hear) my alarm, I would wake up late. If I (wake up) late, I would miss the bus. If I (miss) the bus, I would be late for school. If I (be) late for school, Mr Jones would get angry. If Mr Jones (get) angry, he would talk to the headmistress. If he (talk) to the headmistress, she would call you. If she (call) you, you would be upset with me. If you (be) upset with me, you wouldn t allow me to go to the party and meet Dave. If I (not meet) Dave, I would be ever so sad. 4. If I were you, I Complete the main clauses. Sarah s best friend Dana always gives her advice what to do a) If I were you, I (not wear) that green nskirt. b) If I were e you, I (eat) more fruits. c) If I had this problem, I (speak) to my mum. d) If I were you, I (not buy) those trainers. 5. Complete the sentences correctly. a) If I (not/have) so much homework, I (play) football. b) We (have) a BBQ outside if it (not/rain) so much. c) If I (not/know) better, I (say) you re nuts. d) We (sleep) in a tent if it (not/be) so cold. 6. Translate the sentences. Write in your exercise book. a) Wenn du nicht krank wärst, würde ich dich mitnehmen. b) Sie würde kommen, wenn sie nicht arbeiten müsste. c) Du könntest früher aus dem Krankenhaus raus, wenn du nicht so viel herum liefest. Persen Verlag 5
Solutions: Conditional II 1. a) bought b) had c) asked d) didn t work e) left f) met g) gave h) were 2. a) would fly b) would be c) would hate d) wouldn t answer e) would get f) wouldn t go g) would arrive h) would take 3. I dreamed that I didn t hear my alarm this morning If I didn t hear my alarm, I would wake up late. If I woke up late, I would miss the bus. If I missed the bus, I would be late for school. If I were late for school, Mr Jones would get angry. If Mr Jones got angry, he would talk to the headmistress. If he talked to the headmistress, she would call you. If she called led you, you would be upset with me. If you were e upset with me, you wouldn t allow me to go to the party and meet Dave. If I didn t meet Dave, I would be ever er so sad. 4. a) wouldn t wear b) wouldn t eat c) would speak d) wouldn t buy 5. a) If I didn t have so much homework, I would play football. b) We would have a BBQ outside if it didn t rain so much. c) If I didn t know better, I would say you re nuts. d) We would sleep in a tent if it wasn t so cold. 6. a) If you weren t ill, I would take you. b) She would come if she didn t have to work. c) You could leave the hospital earlier if you didn t run around so much. Persen Verlag 6
Conditional Mix I & II If I were you I would repeat the Conditional Clauses very carefully. 1. Complete the Conditional I sentences. Use present simple or will future. a) If it (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to the zoo. b) I (call) you if I go shopping later. c) Will she wake up if the phone (ring)? d) If I go to the party, I (not come) to the cinema. Watch out! In Conditional I you use present simple in the if-clause, e.g. If she comes to my party, I will ask her for date. If she doesn t come to my party, I will be upset. In Conditional I you use will-future in the main clause. e.g. I will come to the cinema if my mum m takes me. He won t talk to you if everybody erybo is listening. 2. Fill in the correct form in the Conditional II sentences. Use past simple or would / could / should + Infinitiv. a) If they (have) a car, they would go to the Robbie Williams concert. cert. b) I would be in better shape if I (do) more exercises. c) She (come) if she had time. d) I (not drink) so much if I were you. Watch out! In Conditional onal II you use past simple in the if-clause, e.g. If she came to my party, I would ask her for date. If she didn t come to my party, I would be upset. In Conditional II you use would/could/should + Infinitive in the main clause. e.g. I would invite you, if I had a party. He could help you, if he wanted to. Remember: If I were you NOT If I was you No would in the if-clause! Persen Verlag 7
Conditional Mix I & II 3. Complete the Conditional I sentences. a) If you (look) like this at the contest, you (not be) Miss Germany. b) We (not go) to the Proms if we (not find) a partner for the dance. c) If you (go) to summer camp, you (meet) new friends. 4. Complete the Conditional II sentences. a) If we ( go) on holiday to the USA, I (visit) San Francisco. b) If I (be) a star, I (hate) being on the news all the time. c) If I (have) the opportunity, I (spend) nd)aye year abroad. 5. Conditional I or Conditional onal II? Complete the sentences. a) Many animals would die out if the WWF (not protect) them. b) If she (play) for the school team, she will get a T-shirt with the school s name on it. c) If you practise your aerobics more often, you (be) in the gymnastic team next year. d) Our parks (be) full of rubbish if no one helped cleaning them. e) If you pass the driving test, you (get) your driving license. f) If we stopped protecting the nature, our children (not be able) to see all the different plants and animals. 6. What if? Write down your own ideas in your exercise book. a) If my parents gave me more pocket money, b) If I ever get out of school, c) If my parents go away for the weekend, d) If our teachers were cool, Persen Verlag 8
Solutions: Conditional Mix I & II 1. a) doesn t rain b) will call c) rings d) will not / won t come 2. a) had b) did c) would come d) wouldn t drink 3. a) If you look like this at the contest, you will not / won t be Miss Germany. b) We will not / won t go to the Proms if we don t find a partner for the dance. c) If you go to summer camp, you will meet new friends. 4. a) If we went on holiday to the USA, I would visit San Francisco. b) If I were a star, I would hate being on the news all the time. c) If I had the opportunity, I would spend a year abroad. 5. a) Many animals would die out if the WWF didn t protectt them. b) If she plays for the school team, she will get a T-shirt with the school s name on it. c) If you practise your aerobics more often, you will be in the gymnastic team next year. d) Our parks would be full of rubbish if no one helped cleaning ng them. e) If you pass the driving test, you will get your driving license. f) If we stopped protecting the nature, our children would not be able to see all the different plants and animals. 6. Hier sind individuelle Lösungen erwünscht. Es muss auf die passende Zeitform geachtet werden. a) If my parents gave me more pocket money, Cond. II b) If I ever get out of school, Cond. I c) If my parents go away ay for the weekend, Cond. I d) If our teachers were cool, Cond. II Persen Verlag 9
Present Perfect Progressive What have you been doing since we last met? 1. What have they been doing? Match the sentences with the pictures. a) The boy has been reading his comic since 3 p.m. b) The girl has been talking on the phone for 2 hours now. c) The lady has been working in the garden since 8 a.m. d) The boys have been eating ice cream since 4 p.m. e) The lady has been feeding eding the birds for an hour now. Watch out! You use the Present Perfect Progressive to speak about an action that started in the past and is still going on in the present. e.g. She started reading at 2 p.m. Now it is 4 p.m. and she is still reading. She has been reading for 2 hours. start reading still reading Form of the Present Perfect Progressive: have / has (not) + been + ing-form of verb + She has been writing We haven t been watching? Has he been waiting? 2 p.m. now 4 p.m. 2. Fill in the correct form of present perfect progressive. a) My babysister (sleep) for 2 hours. b) They (work) on the poster for hours. c) That pullover (lie) here since last week. d) He (wait) for her letter for 2 weeks now. Persen Verlag 10
Present Perfect Progressive 3. Fill in the correct forms of present perfect progressive. Mrs Smith leaves the house to buy some milk early this morning. Now she is back a) Milly, her daughter, (lie) in bed since she left. b) Her husband (take) a shower for 20 min. c) Her son, Tom, (play) on his PC since then. d) The dog (run) after the cat since she closed the door. e) The lady on TV (talk) about a bad storm for half an hour. 4. Write the questions and answers. Use present perfect progressive. a) How long have you been living in Australia? (for 2 years). b) Have you been listening for a long time? (for 15 minutes) Yes,. c)? No, I haven t been reading all the time, only for the last 2 hours. d)? Yes, we have been looking at this great painting for half an hour now. 5. Look at the pictures. Say what they have or haven t been doing. Write into your exercise book. a) c) b) d) Persen Verlag 11
Solutions: Present Perfect Progressive 1. a) The boy has been reading his comic since 3 p.m. b) The girl has been talking on the phone for 2 hours now. c) The lady has been working in the garden since 8 a.m. d) The boys have been eating ice cream since 4 p.m. e) The lady has been feeding the birds for an hour now. 2. a) My babysister has been sleeping for 2 hours. b) They have been en working on the poster for hours. c) That pullover has been lying here since last week. d) He has been waiting for her letter for 2 weeks now. 3. a) Milly, her daughter, has been lying in bed since she left. b) Her husband has been taking a shower for 20 min. c) Her son, Tom, has been playing on his PC since ethen. d) The dog has been running after the cat since she closed the door. e) The lady on TV has been talking about a bad storm for half an hour. 4. a) I have been living in Australia for 2 years. b) Yes, I have been listening for 15 minutes. c) Have you been reading all the time? d) Have you been looking at this painting all this time? 5. a) The boy has been riding his bike since 2 p.m. b) The children have been playing football since 10 a.m. c) The lady has been riding her horse since 8 a.m. d) The man has been walking his dog since 3 p.m. Persen Verlag 12
since or for? I have been living here since 2009, so I have been living here for 2 years. 1. Look at the pictures. Fill in since or for correctly. a) Tom has been working two o clock. He has been working three hours. b) Dana has been on the phone 10 o clock. She has been on the phone 10 minutes. c) The friends have been travelling 10 th June. They have been travelling 17 days. d) Rick has been waiting for a letter er Monday. He has been waiting three days. Watch out! You use since to speak about a point in time (a certain time, day, year, event ) e.g.. I haven t seen en him since that party. They haven t spoken since they last met. She has been waiting for the bus since three o clock. You use for to speak about a period of time (for 2 weeks, 1 year, 20 minutes etc. ) e.g. I haven t seen you for ages. We haven t spoken for 2 days. You have been talking for 2 hours now. 2. since or for? Fill in the correct answer. a) The Johnsons have lived in Canada 1995. b) Sarah has been talking on the phone over 2 hours now. c) My best friend has been ill almost 10 days. d) I don t know where she is, I haven t seen her dinner. Persen Verlag 13
since or for? 3. Since or for? Circle the correct answer. a) Mary has been learning Spanish for / since last June. b) I have been waiting for your answer for / since days now. c) My sister has worked on this picture for / since her birthday. d) I haven t eaten a turkey for Christmas for / since several years. 4. Look at the pictures. a) Match the words with the correct picture. 1. 3. 2. 4. Words girls / talk / 3 hours people / wait at bus stop / 20 minutes boy / ride his bike / 4 p.m. boy / read comic / 8 a.m. picture b) Write down what they have been doing. Since when or for how long? Write in your exercise e book. 5. Translate ate the following sentences. Use present perfect (simple or progressive). Use since or for. a) Wir haben Sue seit dem Streit nicht gesehen. b) Wir leben seit 8 Jahren in London. c) Aber wir wohnen seit Januar in einem neuen Haus. d) Sie arbeitet jetzt schon seit drei Stunden an ihrer Präsentation. Persen Verlag 14
Solutions: since or for? 1. a) Tom has been working since two o clock. He has been working for three hours. b) Dana has been on the phone since 10 o clock. She has been on the phone for 10 minutes. c) The friends have been travelling since 10 th June. They have been travelling for 17 days. d) Rick has been waiting for a letter since Monday. He has been waiting for three days. 2. a) The Johnsons have lived in Canada since 1995. b) Sarah has been talking on the phone for over 2 hours now. c) My best friend has been ill for almost 10 days. d) I don t know where she is, I haven t seen her since dinner. 3. a) Mary has been learning Spanish since last June. b) I have been waiting for your answer for days now. c) My sister has worked on this picture since her birthday. d) I haven t eaten a turkey for Christmas for several years. 4. a) Words picture girls / talk / 3 hours 2 people / wait at bus stop / 20 minutes 4 boy / ride his bike / 4 p.m.. 1 boy / read comic / 8a a.m. 3 b) 1. The boy has been riding his bike since 4 p.m. 2. The girls have been talking for three hours. 3. The boy has been reading his comic since 8a. a.m. 4. The people have been waiting for the bus for 20 minutes. 5. a) We haven t seen Sue since the argument. b) We have been living in London for 8 years. c) But we have been living ing in a new house since January. d) She has been working on her presentation for 3 hours now. Persen Verlag 15
The Gerund I love speaking English but I hate doing grammar 1. Write the Gerund (the ing-form) of the verbs. a) play b) read c) sit d) swim e) dance f) run g) fly 2. Fill in the Gerund. a) My sister loves (watch) daily soaps. b) I m tired of (repeat) eat) everything. c) Cathy is looking forward to (meet) her friend later. d) Dan is interested in (repair) old computers. e) I m always worried about (write) tests at school. ol. f) The idea of (miss) the bus let her run faster. g) (swim) in the sea can be dangerous. h) Ms Peters enjoys (drink) a nice cup of tea after work. Watch out! The Gerund is the -ing-form of the verb (but it s NOT the same as Present Progressive). You can use the Gerund as the subject of a sentence e.g. Playing tennis is my favourite sport. (das Tennis spielen) Reading is great fun. (das Lesen) as the object of a sentence e.g.. I hate eating ice cream. Ich hasse es, Eis zu essen. / Ich hasse das Essen von Eis. She enjoys reading her book. Sie genießt es, ihr Buch zu lesen. / Sie genießt das Lesen ihres Buches. after certain phrases with prepositions e.g. look forward to / worry about / be tired of / be keen on / be used to / be interested in / be crazy about / be good at / be excited about Persen Verlag 16
The Gerund 3. Gerund or not? Tick the correct answer. Sentences Real Gerund No Gerund a) She is meeting her friend after school. b) Daniel loves watching funny films at the cinema. c) My hobby is cooking. d) The students are looking forward going to the concert. e) Buying new clothes makes me happy. f) It is raining outside. 4. Fill in the Gerund of the verbs. a) I hate (be) late for school. b) She is really interested in (do) that course. c) I m tired of (tell) you what to do. d) Kate is used to (get up) early rlyint the mornings. e) (run) can make you fit really fast. f) The baby enjoys (drink) its milk. g) Stop (talk) to your neighbour, please! h) Please start (work). Time is almost up. i) (drive) too fast can be very dangerous. 5. Fill in the correct preposition for the Gerund. a) I m really yinterested reading that interview. b) My sister is really good playing hockey. c) The thought losing her makes him mad. d) The students are tired learning vocabulary. e) The kids are so excited ed going to the fun fair. f) Our cat is used staying outside when it is cold. 6. Translate ate the sentences into English. Use the Gerund. Write in your exercise book. a) Ich bin gut im Zeichnen. b) Radfahren ist mein Lieblingshobby. c) Ich freue mich darauf, meine Cousine zu treffen. Persen Verlag 17
Solutions: The Gerund 1. a) playing e) dancing b) reading f) running c) sitting g) flying d) swimming 2. a) watching e) writing b) repeating f) missing c) meeting g) Swimming d) repairing h) drinking 3. Sentences Real Gerund No Gerund a) She is meeting her friend after school. b) Daniel loves watching funny films at the cinema. c) My hobby is cooking. d) The students are looking forward to the weekend. e) Buying new clothes makes me happy. f) It is raining outside. 4. a) I hate being late for school. b) She is really interested ed in doing that course. c) I m tired of telling you what to do. d) Kate is used to getting up early in the mornings. e) Running ng can make you fit really fast. f) The baby enjoys drinking its milk. g) Stop talking to your neighbour, please! h) Please e start working. Time is almost up. i) Driving too fast can be very dangerous. 5. a) I m really interested in reading that interview. i b) My sister is really good at playing hockey. c) The thought of losing her makes him mad. d) The students are tired of learning vocabulary. e) The kids are so excited about going to the fun fair. f) Our cat is used to staying outside when it is cold. 6. a) I m good at drawing. b) Riding a bike is my favourite hobby. c) I m looking forward to meeting my cousin. Persen Verlag 18
Reported Speech (Tense/Pronouns) Sorry, I didn t understand can you tell me what he said? 1. Look at the grid and complete the reported speech sentences. direct speech reported (indirect) speech He likes chocolate ice cream present simple She said, he liked chocolate ice cream. past simple It is raining. present progressive He said, it was raining. past progressive She went to the cinema. simple past He said, she had gone to the cinema. past perfect She has left already. present perfect She said, she had left already. past perfect She is going to come soon. going-to-future She said, he was going to come soon. going-to-future in the past I will help you will-future He said, he would help me. conditional II a) Mary: I play tennis on Wednesdays. Mary said she tennis on Wednesdays. days b) Fred: I met him last year. Fred told me he him the year before. c) Carol: They will be here soon. Carol explained they there soon. d) Carl: I have finished now. Carl answered he then. e) Dana: Tom is reading a book at the moment. Dana told me Tom a book at that moment. f) Ms Jones: They are going to spend the holidays in Spain next year. Ms Jones explained they the holidays in Spain the following year. 2. Look at the grid and change the underlined pronouns correctly. direct speech Mary: I I don t like apples. David: I don t like bananas. Girls: We often listen to music. Susan: This is my book. Robert: No, it s my book. Boys: Hey, this is our ball! reported (indirect) speech Mary said she didn t like apples. David said he didn t like bananas. The girls said they often listened to music. Susan claimed it was her book. But Robert insisted it was his book. The boys shouted it was their ball. a) Betty: I m sorry, I can t help him. Betty said was sorry couldn t help. b) Daniel: I think this is my T-shirt. Daniel explained thought that it was T-shirt. c) Friends: We really like our English teacher. The friends said really liked English teacher. Persen Verlag 19
Reported Speech (Tense/Pronouns) 3. Complete the answers. Use reported speech. Joeleen: Who took my dictionary? Peter: I didn t take it. Joeleen: What did he say? Hans: Peter said. Melissa: When can I hand in my extra work? Mrs Rose: You can give it to me at the end of the lesson. Melissa: What did she say? Kim: Mrs Rose said. Fred: Will we write a vocabulary test on Friday? Mrs Rose: No, but we will write a grammar check-up. Danny: What did she say? Fred: She said but. 4. Look at the pictures. What did they say? Write in your exercise book. a) b) I didn t break it. We will be there at 10 a.m. c) d) I have never been to Paris before. We are playing our favourite game. 5. Read the interview. i What did the career officer tell the students? Write a short report in reported speech in your exercise book. Student: Which subjects can we choose next term? CO: Well, it depends on what you want to do. You can choose Spanish or French. That is good for international jobs. Chemistry or Physics will be better for a scientific job and Technology or IT can help you with all kinds of jobs. Student: When are the internships going to start? CO: You have to do your first internship in September. The second one will be in March. Student: I haven t written my CV yet. CO: That is no problem. Many students haven t done that. I talked to Mr Smith. He offered a writing course for CVs and letters of application last term He will offer it again. Persen Verlag 20
Solutions: Reported Speech (Tense/Pronouns) 1. a) Mary said she played tennis on Wednesdays. b) Fred told me he had met him the year before. c) Carol explained they would be there soon. d) Carl answered he had finished then. e) Dana told me Tom was reading a book at that moment. f) Ms Jones explained they were going to spend the holidays in Spain the following year. 2. a) Betty said, she was sorry she couldn t help him. b) Daniel explained he thought that it was his T-shirt. c) The friends said they really liked their English teacher. 3. Hans: Peter said he hadn t taken it. Kim: Mrs Rose said you could give it to her at the end of the lesson. Fred: She said we wouldn t write a vocabulary test but we would write a grammar check-up! 4. a) She said she hadn t broken it. b) He said they would be there at 10 a.m. c) She said she had never been to Paris before. d) He said they were playing their favourite game. 5. Possible solutions He told us it depended ended on what we wanted to do. We could choose ose Spanish or French. That was good for international jobs. He also explained that t Chemistry or Physics would be better for a scientific job. Technology ogy or IT could help with all kinds of jobs. He told us we had to do our first internship in September and the second one would be in March. He said the CV was no problem because many students s hadn t done that. He had talked to Mr Smith who had offered a writing course for CVs and letters of application last term. He would offer it again. Persen Verlag 21
Reported Speech (Orders/Questions) 1. Look at the grid and complete the reported speech sentences. direct speech Stop smoking! Come here, please. Tidy up your room. Read the text, please. reported (indirect) speech She told me to stop smoking. He wanted me to go there. My mum wanted me to tidy up my room. The teacher asked us to read the text. a) Mrs James: Open your books at page 27. Mrs James told us our books at page 27. b) Mum: Sally, help me in the kitchen, please. Mum asked Sally her in the kitchen. c) Susan: Give her that CD back, OK? Susan told him that CD back to her. d) Mrs James: Listen to the story carefully. Mrs James wanted us to the story carefully. 2. Look at the help box and complete the indirect/reported questions. Watch out! Mary: Dan, have you got my pen? V 1 + S + V 2 + O Mary asked Dan if he had got her pen. S + V 1 + V 2 + O Carl: Is it raining outside? V + S Carl wanted to know if it was raining outside. S + V Betty: Where is David? QW + V + S Betty wanted to know where David was. QW + S + V Sue: What did you eat? Sue asked me what I had eaten. QW + V 1 + S + V 2 QW + S + V 1 + V 2 a) Shannon: n: When are they coming? Shannon asked. b) Ben: Why are you crying? Ben nwanted to know. c) Sally: Sam, have you got a red pen? Sally asked Sam. d) Pete: Have you watched that film? Pete wanted to know. Persen Verlag 22
Reported Speech (Orders/Questions) 3. Complete the reported speech sentences (questions, orders and requests). a) Joeleen: Who took my dictionary? Peter: Have you got it, Hans? Hans: No, I didn t take it. Joeleen wanted to know. Peter asked Hans. b) Melissa: When can I hand in my extra work? Mrs Rose: You can give it to me at the end of the lesson. Melissa wanted to. c) Maria: Why doesn t anyone come to the cinema with me? Anna: What film is on? Maria: I don t know but I can have a look in the paper. Anna: OK! Can you call me this afternoon? Maria: Sure, I will tell you then. Maria wanted to know. Anna asked. Anna asked Maria. 4. Look at the pictures. What did they ask? Write in your exercise e book. a) b) Who has broken my cup? When is dad coming home? Mrs Harrison c) d) Will someone one go up there with me? Peter, help me, please. 5. Read the interview notes of the career officer. Write his report in your exercise book. I asked the students: Which subjects did you choose for next term? Have you already written your letter of application? I told them: Hand in your CVs soon, please. The students asked me: When are the internships going to start? Who can help us with our CVs? They told me: Inform us about any changes, please. Persen Verlag 23
Solutions: Reported Speech (Orders/Questions) 1. a) Mrs James told us to open our books at page 27. b) Mum asked Sally to help her in the kitchen. c) Susan told him to give that CD back to her. d) Mrs James wanted us to listen to the story carefully. 2. a) Shannon asked when they were coming. b) Ben wanted to know why I was crying. c) Sally asked Sam if he had got a red pen. d) Pete wanted to know if I had watched that film. 3. a) Joeleen wanted to know who had taken her dictionary. Peter asked Hans if he had got it. b) Melissa wanted to know when she could hand in her extra work. c) Maria wanted to know why no one wanted to come to the cinema with her. Anna asked what film was on. Anna asked Maria if she could call her that afternoon. 4. a) The girl wanted to know who had broken her cup. b) The boy asked when his dad was coming home. c) The girl wanted to know if someone would go up there with her. d) Mrs Harrison asked Peter to help her. 5. I asked the students which subjects they had chosen for the following term. if they had already written their letter of application. I told them to hand in their CVs soon. The students wanted to know They wanted me when the internships were going to start. who could help them with their CVs. to inform them mabout any changes. Persen Verlag 24
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