User Manual. This document applies to firmware version 2.2 and above.

User Manual CSA7000 Series Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger TDS6000 & TDS7000 Series Option SM Serial Mask Testing Option ST Serial Pattern Trigger 071-1035-02 This document applies to firmware version 2.2 and above. www.tektronix.com

Copyright Tektronix, Inc. All rights reserved. Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved. Tektronix, Inc., P.O. Box 500, Beaverton, OR 97077-0001 TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

Table of Contents Preface... Manual Structure... Related Manuals... Contacting Tektronix... Getting Started... 1 Product Description... 1 Installing Optional Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Trigger Functions on TDS6000 and TDS7000 Series Instruments... 3 Operating Basics... 5 Serial Mask Testing Functions... 5 Accessing Serial Pattern Trigger Functions... 8 Reference... 11 Mask Testing... 11 Communication (Comm) Triggering... 32 Serial Pattern Trigger... 36 Appendix A: Supported Mask Types and Standards... 41 Appendix B: Supported Communication Trigger Codes and Standards... 45 Appendix C: Automatic Communication Signal Measurements... 47 Levels Used in Taking Eye Measurements... 48 Index... 51 iii iii iii v Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual i

Table of Contents List of Figures Figure 1: Masks control window... 5 Figure 2: Communication signal trigger functions... 6 Figure 3: Communication measurement functions... 7 Figure 4: Serial pattern trigger control window... 8 Figure 5: Eye-diagram and optical values... 48 List of Tables Table 1: Masks control window functions... 5 Table 2: Communication trigger functions... 6 Table 3: Serial trigger functions... 8 Table 4: ITU-T masks... 41 Table 5: ANSI T1.102 masks... 41 Table 6: Ethernet masks... 41 Table 7: SONET/SDH masks... 42 Table 8: Fibre Channel masks... 42 Table 9: Fibre Channel Electrical masks... 42 Table 10: InfiniBand masks... 42 Table 11: Serial ATA masks... 42 Table 12: USB 1.1/2.0 masks... 43 Table 13: 1394b masks... 43 Table 14: Rapid IO LP-LVDS masks... 43 Table 15: Rapid IO Serial masks... 43 Table 16: IOF masks... 44 Table 17: PCI-Express masks... 44 Table 18: AMI trigger standards... 45 Table 19: B3ZS trigger standards... 45 Table 20: B6ZS trigger standards... 45 Table 21: B8ZS trigger standards... 45 Table 22: CMI trigger standards... 46 Table 23: HDB3 trigger standards... 46 Table 24: MLT3 trigger standards... 46 Table 25: NRZ trigger standards... 46 Table 26: Supported communications measurements and their definition... 47 ii Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Preface This is the user manual for Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Trigger functions. These functions are standard on the CSA7000 Series instruments, and are available as options for the TDS6000 and TDS7000 Series instruments. Serial Pattern Trigger is not available on TDS7104 and TDS7054 instruments. This manual: Describes the capabilities of the Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Trigger functions, and how to install these functions on TDS6000 and TDS7000 instruments Explains how to access and operate the features Manual Structure This manual is organized into the following chapters: Getting Started provides an overview of the Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Trigger functions, and shows you how to install these functions on TDS6000 and TDS7000 instruments. Operating Basics describes how to access the functions using the front panel and the instrument graphical user interface. Reference provides detailed steps for doing the most common Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Trigger tasks. Related Manuals The following table lists other documents that support the operation and service of the CSA7000, TDS6000, and TDS7000 Series instruments. The part numbers of these documents are listed in the Accessories section of your instrument user manual. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual iii

Preface Manual name Online Help References User Manual 1 Programmer Online Guide Service Manual Description An online help system that is integrated with the User Interface application that ships with the CSA7000, TDS7000, and TDS6000 instruments A quick reference to the major features of the instrument and how they operate The user manual for the CSA7000, TDS7000, and TDS6000 instruments An alphabetical listing of the programming commands and other information related to controlling the instrument over the GPIB and TekVISA interfaces A description of how to service the instrument to the module level. This optional manual must be ordered separately 1 You can insert this user manual behind the Appendices section of your instrument user manual. iv Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Preface Contacting Tektronix Phone 1-800-833-9200* Address Tektronix, Inc. Department or name (if known) 14200 SW Karl Braun Drive P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, OR 97077 USA Web site www.tektronix.com Sales support 1-800-833-9200, select option 1* Service support 1-800-833-9200, select option 2* Technical support Email: techsupport@tektronix.com 1-800-833-9200, select option 3* 6:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. Pacific time * This phone number is toll free in North America. After office hours, please leave a voice mail message. Outside North America, contact a Tektronix sales office or distributor; see the Tektronix web site for a list of offices. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual v

Preface vi Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Getting Started This section of the user manual provides a high-level description of the Serial Mask Testing and Serial Triggering functions. These functions are standard with the CSA7000 Series instruments and are options for the TDS7000 Series Digital Phosphor Oscilloscopes and the TDS6000 Series Digital Sampling Oscilloscopes. Serial Pattern Trigger is not available on TDS7104 and TDS7054 instruments. This section also describes how to install Serial Mask Testing and Serial Triggering functions on TDS6000 and TDS7000 Series instruments. Product Description The following text is an overview of the Serial Mask Testing and Serial Triggering features. Serial Mask Testing The Serial Mask Testing feature provides optical and electrical mask testing, communication triggering, and automatic communication signal measurements. Mask testing consists of two tasks: signal violation detection and pass/fail testing. Signal violation detection lets you test communications signals for time or amplitude violations against a predefined mask. Each mask consists of one or more polygonal regions called segments. The signal waveform data should stay outside of the segments defined by the mask. Any signal data that occurs inside a mask segment is called a mask segment violation or hit. You can select from any of the included standard telecommunications masks, or you can define your own custom masks. Selecting a mask automatically sets the instrument communications triggers to properly display most communication signals in the mask. Pass/Fail testing defines the mask testing parameters, including the number of waveforms to test, how many mask hits are allowed before failing a test, setting a mask margin tolerance value, and what action to perform at the completion of a test. Communication triggering enables you to trigger on and display waveforms for industry-standard communications signals. Appendix B lists the supported standards on which you can trigger. Automatic communication signal measurements enable you to make automatic measurements on communications signals. Appendix C lists the available measurements. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 1

Getting Started The Serial Mask Testing key features are: Predefined masks for testing or triggering on industry-standard signals, such as ITU -T G.703, ANSI T1.102, Fibre Channel, Ethernet, InfiniBand, SONET, Serial ATA, USB, IEEE 1394b, and their subsets On CSA7000 instruments, optical mask standards have calibrated digital filters, enabling operation as an optical reference receiver Autoset, which quickly adjusts the instrument vertical and horizontal parameters to display a waveform in a mask Autofit, which positions the signal on each acquisition to minimize mask segment hits Mask margins, which allow you to adjust the default mask margin tolerances Pass/Fail testing to continuously test a specified number of waveforms against a mask A mask editor for creating, saving, and recalling user-defined masks Waveform database technology to do mask testing based on waveforms accumulated in a database, rather than a single waveform stored in acquisition memory Communications triggers to trigger the instrument on industry-standard communications signals Automatic measurements on communications signals Clock recovery from the serial data stream (except for TDS7104 and TDS7054 instruments) NOTE. If a standard or function listed in this manual is not available on your instrument, it is because the configuration or bandwidth of your instrument cannot test that standard. The CSA7000 Series instruments, when used with the O/E Electrical Out-to-CH1 Input Adapter (013-0327 -xx), are calibrated optical reference receivers with digital filtering, enabling you to do mask standard compliance testing. Although the TDS6000 and TDS7000 Series instruments are not calibrated optical reference receivers, you can use them with mask testing to evaluate general optical signal characteristics and waveshape, using an external O/E converter. 2 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Getting Started Serial Pattern Trigger Serial Pattern Trigger lets you define a serial data pattern on which to trigger the instrument (not available on TDS7104 and TDS7054 instruments). The Serial Pattern Trigger key features are: User-defined serial data pattern of up to 32 bits on NRZ data streams up to 1.25 GBaud Clock recovery from the serial data stream Installing Optional Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Trigger Functions on TDS6000 and TDS7000 Series Instruments To enable the optional Serial Mask Testing and/or Serial Triggering functions on TDS6000 and TDS7000 instruments, you must have a valid Option Installation Key. Do the following steps: 1. From the oscilloscope menu bar, touch the Utilities menu, select Option Installation, and then touch Continue. 2. Enter the authorization key using the instrument keyboard. 3. Touch Continue. 4. Reboot your instrument to enable the new option(s). 5. Attach the option configuration label(s) on the rear panel of the instrument to indicate that the option(s) is installed on this instrument. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 3

Getting Started 4 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Operating Basics This chapter describes how to access the Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Triggering features, and provides a brief description of each function s settings. See the Reference section in this manual for detailed instructions on using the Serial Mask Testing and Serial Pattern Triggering functions. Serial Mask Testing Functions Serial Mask Testing provides three sets of functions: optical and electrical serial mask testing, communications triggering, and automatic communication signal measurements. This section describes how to access these functions. Accessing Serial Mask Testing Functions To access the Serial Mask Test functions, touch the Masks tool bar button. The instrument displays the Masks control window, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1: Masks control window Table 1 describes the Masks control window tab functions. Refer to the Reference chapter beginning on page 11 of this manual, as well as the online help, for more information about these functions. Table 1: Masks control window functions Tab Mask Source Tolerance Function Set the mask type, communications standard, polarity, mask on/off, and autofit/autoset alignment parameters Set the input waveform source Set the mask margin tolerance values Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 5

Operating Basics Table 1: Masks control window functions (cont.) Tab Pass/Fail Setup Pass/Fail Results Function Set the mask test pass/fail parameters Display the pass/fail test results Accessing Serial Mask Testing Communications Trigger Functions To access the Serial Mask Testing communication trigger functions, do the following steps: 1. Touch the Trig tool bar button. The instrument displays the Trigger control window. 2. Select the AEventtab. 3. Touch Comm in Trigger Type. The instrument displays the communication signal trigger functions, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2: Communication signal trigger functions Table 2 describes the communication trigger functions. Refer to the Reference chapter beginning on page 11 of this manual, as well as the online help, for more information about these functions. Table 2: Communication trigger functions Menu Source Type Polarity Function Sets the waveform data source (Ch1-Ch4) Sets the waveform source type (Data, Clock, or Recovered Clock); the recovered clock function is not available on the TDS7104 or the TDS7054, and is only available for NRZ coded signals Sets the edge (positive or negative) on which to trigger; this function is only available when Type is set to Clock 6 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Operating Basics Table 2: Communication trigger functions (cont.) Menu Coding Standard Bit Rate Comm Trigger Upper/Lower Level Pulse Form Function Sets the communications code type from a drop -down menu (AMI, BZ3S, B6ZS, B8ZS, CMI, HDB3, MLT3, NRZ) Sets the signal standard for the selected code from a drop -down menu Sets or displays the bit rate for the selected standard; if you change the default bit rate, the signal standard changes to Custom Sets the source signal threshold levels for the selected code; this function displays a single level field or upper/lower level fields depending on the selected code and standard Sets the comm signal pulse format on which to trigger; this function is displayed when required by a selected standard Accessing Serial Mask Testing Automatic Measurement Functions Serial Mask Testing also provides a number of communications-related automatic measurements. To access the communications signal automatic measurements, do the following steps: 1. Touch the Meas tool bar button. The instrument displays the Measurement control window. 2. Select the Comm tab. The instrument displays the communication measurement functions, as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3: Communication measurement functions Refer to the user manual for your instrument for information on setting up and taking automatic measurements. Refer to Appendix C of this manual for a list and description of the communication measurements. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 7

Operating Basics Accessing Serial Pattern Trigger Functions To access the Serial Pattern Trigger functions, do the following steps: 1. Touch the Trig tool bar button. The instrument displays the Trigger control window. 2. Select the AEventtab. 3. Touch Serial in the Trigger Type field. The instrument displays the serial pattern trigger functions, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4: Serial pattern trigger control window Table 3 describes the Serial Pattern Trigger functions. Refer to the Reference chapter beginning on page 11 of this manual, as well as the online help, for more information about these functions. Table 3: Serial trigger functions Menu Data Src Clk Src Clk Polarity Coding Standard Bit Rate Data Level Clk Level Function Sets the serial trigger waveform data source (Ch1-Ch4) Sets the serial trigger clock source (Ch1-Ch4, Recovered Clock); the recovered clock function is not available on the TDS7104 or the TDS7054, and is only available for NRZ coded signals on the TDS6000 and TDS7000 Series instruments Sets the source waveform polarity (positive or negative); this function is available only when Clk Src is set to a different value than Data Src Shows the serial trigger communications code type, which is always NRZ Sets the serial trigger signal standard Sets or displays the bit rate for the selected standard Sets the data and clock source threshold levels for the selected code 8 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Operating Basics Table 3: Serial trigger functions (cont.) Menu Editor Format Function Opens the serial pattern data editor which lets you define the serial pattern on which to trigger Displays the serial trigger pattern data in binary or hexadecimal format Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 9

Operating Basics 10 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference This chapter contains instructions for performing the following tasks: Mask Testing (starting on this page) describes how to set up and run mask tests, as well as how to create, edit, and save user masks. Communication (Comm) Triggering (page 32) describes how to trigger on industry-standard communication signals, and provides information on the recovered clock (R Clk) feature. Serial Pattern Trigger (page 36) describes how to trigger on user-defined serial data. Mask Testing Mask testing sets the instrument to test industry-standard communications signals against defined masks to verify the timing, amplitude, and waveform shape of the signal. This section provides step-by-step instructions on how to access and operate the mask test features. The mask testing instructions cover the following subjects: Mask test setup Running a mask test Creating a user mask from a defined mask Saving a user mask to disk Recalling a user mask from disk Editing a user mask Creating a new user mask Mask testing key points (general and optical) Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 11

Reference Mask Test Setup To set the instrument to perform mask tests, do the following procedure. Overview To mask test a waveform Related control elements and resources Prerequisites 1. Connect the instrument to the source signal, or save the source signal to a math or reference waveform memory location. Access the Mask Setup window 2. From the button bar, touch Masks. The instrument displays the Mask control window. Select a mask test signal source 3. Select the Source tab and then the channel, math, or reference tab and then select the waveform source to use as the mask test source. You can mask test one waveform at a time. 12 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Select the mask type To mask test a waveform (cont.) 4. To specify the mask Type, select the Masks tab. Touch the appropriate button in the Type field. Touch the More button to display further selections. The window lists mask types and standards that are available on your instrument, which depends on the bandwidth and configuration of your instrument. Selecting a mask type and standard adjusts the instrument horizontal, vertical, and trigger settings to those appropriate for displaying a waveform of the specified type. If the signal is not within the mask, touch the Autoset button to center the waveform in a mask. If Autoset did not align the signal in the mask, adjust the instrument vertical and horizontal controls. If you touch the Autoset button and the Autoset Undo preference is On, the instrument will display an Autoset Undo window. Touch the Undo button to return to the previous settings, or touch the Close button to remove the window. Related control elements and resources Select the mask standard 5. To specify the mask standard, select a standard from the drop -down list. (CSA7000 Series only) Optical mask type/standard combinations also display an optical Bessel-Thompson Filter button that lets you turn on or off the fourth-order Bessel-Thompson frequency filter (default is On). When the filter is On, the CSA7000 series is an Optical Reference Receiver. CAUTION. Do not exceed the maximum nondestructive optical input specified in your instrument user manual. Verify that your optical input signal is within the linear operating range of the optical-to-electrical converter and the optical reference receiver. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 13

Reference Overview Select display parameters To mask test a waveform (cont.) 6. In the Masks tab, touch the Display button to toggle mask display on or off. The mask must be turned on to do mask testing. Related control elements and resources 7. Touch the Hit Count button to turn on or off hit counting. The hit count is shown in the Pass/Fail Results tab. 8. Touch the Display Config button to set mask hit highlighting and to lock the mask to the waveform. Lock Mask to Waveform resizes the mask to reflect changes in the horizontal or vertical settings of the instrument. This control is also on the main mask setup window. Autoset the signal 9. In the Masks tab, touch the Autoset button to have the instrument automatically adjust instrument settings to align the waveform to the mask based on the characteristics of the input signal. Autoset is done on the first waveform acquired after touching the Autoset button. If the Autoset Undo preference is On, the instrument will display an Autoset Undo window. Touch the Undo button to return to the previous settings, or touch the Close button to remove the window. The Autoset Config button opens a configuration window that lets you set the vertical, horizontal, and trigger autoset parameters, activate autofit or autoset, choose the autoset mode, return to the default autoset configuration, or return to the Mask Setup control window. On CSA7000 series instruments when using the O/E Electrical Out-to-CH1 Input adapter, autoset defaults to CH 1, and the instrument will ignore the other channels. 14 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Enable and set waveform autofit parameters To mask test a waveform (cont.) 10. In the Masks tab, touch the Autofit button to enable the waveform autofit function. Autofit checks each waveform for any mask hits. If there are hits, autofit repositions the waveform to minimize hits. The number of hits reported is the number after autofit has minimized hits. Related control elements and resources The autofit Config button lets you set the autofit maximum waveform repositioning parameters (as a percentage of the horizontal and vertical divisions), return to default settings, or return to the Mask Setup control window. Use the keypad to change the vertical or horizontal autofit parameters. 11. Touch the Masks button to return to the Mask control window. Set mask test tolerance margins 12. Touch the Masks Setup window Tolerance tab to set the percentage of margin used in the mask test. Use the control knob, keypad, pop-up keypad, or up and down arrow buttons to enter the mask margin tolerance percentage. The range of values is -50% to 50%. Margin tolerance settings greater than 0% expand the size of the segments, making the mask test harder to pass; margin tolerance settings less than 0% (negative percent) reduces the size of the segments, making the mask test easier to pass. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 15

Reference Overview Set mask test pass and fail parameters To mask test a waveform (cont.) 13. Select the Pass/Fail Setup tab of the Masks control window. Related control elements and resources 14. Use the control knob, keypad, or pop-up keypad to enter the number of waveforms to test (number of samples in some modes), the failure threshold (the number of waveforms that must fail to fail the test), and the delay time (the time from when mask test starts to when the instrument begins sampling). 15. Use the Failure field buttons to set what the instrument does when a mask test fails; have the instrument beep (BEEP), send an SRQ out on the GPIB bus (SRQ), send a trigger pulse out on the AUX OUT connector (AUX Out), stop signal acquisition immediately (Stop Acq), and/or print the instrument screen image to a printer (Print). 16. Touching the More button displays more failure functions. Save Wfm saves the the waveform data of the first waveform that causes the test to fail to a.wfm file. Log Date saves time, date, and basic test information of the first waveform that causes the test to fail to an ASCII text (.txt) file. Both files are saved to the location specified by the Path button. The file name format is YYMMDD -HHMMSS, where YY is year, MM is month, DD is day, HH is hour, MM is minutes, and SS is seconds. 17. Use the Completion field buttons to set what the instrument does at the completion of a mask test. 16 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Set test pass and fail parameters (cont.) To mask test a waveform (cont.) 18. Use the Polarity buttons to set mask and waveform polarity. Positive tests the positive waveform pulses. Negative inverts the mask and tests the negative waveform pulses. Both tests the first half of the tested waveforms in positive polarity mode, then tests the remaining waveforms in negative polarity mode. Related control elements and resources 19. Toggle the Repeat button to On to set the instrument to repeat (continue) mask testing on the completion of each test. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 17

Reference Running a Mask Test To start and stop mask tests, do the following procedure. Overview Running a mask test Control elements and resources Prerequisites 1. You must have set up the instrument to perform mask testing as described in Mask Test Setup on page 12. Start the mask pass/fail test 2. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Pass/Fail Results tab. The instrument opens the Pass/Fail Results control window. 3. Touch the Pass/Fail Test On/Off button to turn on mask pass/fail testing. You can touch Reset prior to running tests to clear the Pass/Fail Test Summary fields. You can also use the Pass/Fail Test button in the Pass/Fail Setup control window. The instrument begins mask testing and displays the test summary information in the Pass/Fail Test Summary fields. If a mask has more than three segments, the window displays a horizontal scroll bar below the Hits per Segment field that lets you scroll the field to view other segment hit data. Stop the mask pass/fail test 4. Touch the Pass/Fail test button to turn off mask pass/fail testing. Testing will also stop when the testing meets the parameters in the Pass/Fail Setup control window. 18 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Creating a User Mask from a Defined Mask Refer to Mask Key Points on page 30 before creating or editing a mask. To create a user mask from a defined mask, do the following procedure. Overview Creating a user mask from a defined mask Control elements and resources Access the mask setup window 1. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Masks tab. The instrument displays the Mask control window. Select the mask type and standard 2. Touch the appropriate button in the Type field to select a mask type. Touch the More button to display further selections. 3. Select a standard from the drop -down list. The control window lists mask types and standards that are available on your instrument, which depend on the bandwidth and configuration of your instrument. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 19

Reference Overview Copy the current mask Creating a user mask from a defined mask (cont.) 4. Touch the User Mask button. Control elements and resources 5. Touch the Copy Current Mask to User Mask button. The instrument copies the current mask to the user mask memory. Edit the user mask 6. Refer to Editing a User Mask on page 21. Save the user mask to disk 7. Refer to Saving a User Mask to Disk on page 23. You do not need to save the edited user mask to disk, as the instrument retains the current user mask in nonvolatile memory. However, if you plan on creating a number of user masks, you will need to store the user masks on disk, as the instrument can load one user mask at a time. 20 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Editing a User Mask To edit a user mask, do the following procedure. Overview Editing a user mask Control elements and resources Access the mask edit window 1. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Masks tab. 2. Touch the User Mask button. 3. Touch the Edit User Mask button. The instrument displays the Mask Edit control window. Enable the mask edit controls 4. Touch the Controls button to open the mask edit controls window on the right side of the screen. This provides the maximum area to display the mask, making editing easier. Select a segment 5. Touch the Segment field and use the arrow buttons, multipurpose knob, or keypad to select a segment to edit. The selected (active) segment is highlighted in red. Eachmaskcanhaveupto16segments. Select a vertex 6. Touch the Vertex field and use the arrow buttons, multipurpose knob, or keypad to select the vertex to edit.theactivevertexisindicatedwithanxonthe template segment. Each segment can have up to 50 vertices. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 21

Reference Overview Move a vertex Editing a user mask (cont.) 7. Touch the Horizontal field and use the multipurpose knob or keypad to change the selected vertex horizontal position. Control elements and resources 8. Touch the Vertical field and use the multipurpose knob or keypad to change the selected vertex vertical position. Add or delete a vertex 9. To add a vertex, select the closest vertex that is clockwise from where you want to place a new vertex. Touch Add to add a vertex midway between the selected vertex and the next counter-clockwise vertex. 10. To delete a vertex, enter or select the vertex number. Then touch Delete to delete the selected vertex. The remaining vertices located counter-clockwise from the deleted vertex are renumbered. Save the user mask to disk 11. Refer to Saving a User Mask to Disk on page 23. 22 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Saving a User Mask to Disk To save a mask to a folder on the instrument disk, do the following procedure. Overview Saving a user mask to disk Control elements and resources Access the Mask Setup window 1. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Masks tab. 2. Touch the User Mask button. 3. Touch the Edit User Mask button. The instrument displays the Mask Edit control window. Save the user mask to disk 4. Touch the Mask Save button. The instrument opens the Save Mask As dialog. The default save location is in the TekScope/Masks folder. 5. Enter the mask name in the File Name field. The default save type is User Mask Files (*.msk). 6. Touch Save to save the mask to disk. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 23

Reference Recalling a User Mask From Disk To recall a mask that was stored on disk, do the following procedure. Overview Recalling a user mask Control elements and resources Access the Mask Setup window 1. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Masks tab. 2. Touch the User Mask button. 3. Touch the Edit User Mask button. The instrument displays the Mask Edit control window. Recall the user mask from disk 4. Touch the Mask Recall button. The instrument opens the Recall Mask dialog. The default recall location is the TekScope/Masks folder. If the mask files are in another folder, use the navigation controls to access the appropriate folder. 5. Select the mask name. 6. Touch Recall to load the user mask into user mask memory on the instrument. 24 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Creating a New User Mask To create a new user mask that is not based on an existing mask, do the following procedure. Overview Creating a new mask Control elements and resources Set instrument settings 1. Use the communications trigger features to trigger the instrument on a signal. The instrument saves these settings with the mask information. See the instrument user manual for information on displaying waveforms. Create an empty user mask 2. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Masks tab. 3. Touch the User Mask button. 4. Touch the mask standard field to display the drop-down list. 5. Select None from the list. 6. Touch the Copy Current Mask to User Mask button. If you are asked if you want to overwrite the current user mask, touch the Yes button. 7. Touch the Edit User Mask button. The instrument displays the Mask Edit control window. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 25

Reference Overview Create and edit new mask segments Creating a new mask (cont.) 8. Touch the Edit User Mask button to display the user mask edit functions. 9. Touch the Segment field and use the arrow buttons, multipurpose knob, or keypad to enter or select segment 1. 10. Touch the Vertex Add button. The instrument draws the default new segment shape, a triangle. 11. Use the instructions in Editing a User Mask, startingat step 5 on page 21, to edit a segment. 12. Repeat steps 9 through 11, selecting an unused and sequential segment number, to create and edit more segments. Control elements and resources Save the user mask to disk 13. Refer to Saving a User Mask to Disk on page 23. 26 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Mask Testing Example The following procedure is an example of setting up the instrument to perform mask testing on a DS1A signal. This example uses a DS1A signal and a CSA7000 Instrument, but the example can easily be modified for other communications signals and other instruments. Overview Creating a new mask Control elements and resources Install the test hookup 1. Connect your DS1A signal to CH 1 through suitable cables, probes, or adapters. Signal Source CSA7000 Instrument Output 2. Press DEFAULT SETUP. Set instrument settings 3. From the button bar, touch Masks and select the Masks tab. 4. Touch the ANSI T1.102 button. If not using an DS1A signal, touch the button appropriate for the signal that you are using. 5. Touch the mask standard field to display the drop-down list. 6. Select DS1A (2.048 Mb/s) from the list (if not using a DS1A signal, select the standard appropriate for the signal that you are using). The mask is displayed, but may not be aligned with the signal. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 27

Reference Overview Align the mask and the signal Creating a new mask (cont.) 7. To align the signal with the mask, touch the Alignment Autoset button. Control elements and resources The signal is aligned with the mask. If you need to minimize the number of mask hits on each acquisition, touch Autofit. This display assumes that the autoset undo preference is off or that you touch Close to close the Autoset Undo control window. Select the source 8. In this example, we are using the default source, CH 1. Change the tolerance 9. Set the Mask Margin Tolerance to the percentage of margin used in the mask test (this example uses the default OFF): OFF to test the signal to the selected mask standard Settings greater than 0% to expand the size of the mask segments, making the test harder to pass Settings less than 0% to reduce the size of the mask segments, making the test easier to pass 28 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Setup pass/fail testing Creating a new mask (cont.) 10. Select the pass/fail test controls (this example uses the defaults except Pass/Fail Test Repeat is selected): The number of samples or waveforms to test, the minimum number of waveforms to test, and the delay before the test begins Notifications/actions when the test fails or completes Polarity of the signal to test Start the test and cause the test to repeat Control elements and resources View the test results 11. View the results of the pass/fail test (in this example there have been no hits, and the current test is passing): Pass/Fail Test Summary displays the number of samples/waveforms tested, the total number of hits (failures), and settings that you selected for the test Hits per segment displays the number of hits in each segment of the mask Pass/Fail Test allows you to reset the test and to turn the test on and off Triggers set automatically 12. When you turn on masks, the instrument automatically sets up the triggers. To see the trigger settings used by this example, do the following step: From the button bar, touch Trig. The instrument selected Comm triggers, the Ch 1 source, HDB3 coding, the Data type, and the DS1A standard, and set the bit rate and pulse form. For more information 13. For additional information on setting up and using serial mask testing, refer to other sections of this user manual and the instrument online help. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 29

Reference Mask Key Points There are a number of mask test key points to be aware of prior to using, editing, or creating a mask. Mask Testing. Only one mask standard is active at any time. If you have a mask selected/enabled and then select a new mask, the new mask replaces the previous mask. You cannot test to multiple standards simultaneously. Autofit and Persistence Interaction. The Autofit function moves the waveform vertically and horizontally in a mask to reduce the number of segment hits within a mask. If persistence is set to infinite or variable, each Autofit waveform movement clears existing persistence data. If Autofit makes frequent waveform movements, there may be little or no displayed waveform persistence data. Segments and Mask Hits. Each mask can have a maximum of 16 segments. Segments can overlap. The number of mask hits is the sum of all hits in all segments, regardless of whether or not segments overlap. For example, if a waveform crosses over an area where two segments overlap, both segments will count the waveform hit. Vertices. Each segment can have a maximum of 50 vertices. Vertices are numbered counterclockwise, with vertex one generally located at the bottom left of each segment. The active (selected) vertex is indicated by an X. The instrument automatically assigns numbers to vertices during mask creation or editing. Mask Margin Tolerance. Mask margin tolerance moves the mask segment boundaries by the specified percentage. Negative margins reduce the size of the segment, making it easier to pass a mask test. If a user defined mask has more than three segments, turning on mask margins generates an error message. Turning mask margin tolerance off redraws the mask segment margins to their default values, but leaves the numeric value as it is, allowing you to quickly toggle between default and user-set margin values. 30 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Standards and Bandwidth. When the instrument system bandwidth (which includes the instrument, attached probes, and/or cabling) falls into the range of 1.5 to 1.8 (0.8 for optical signals) times the data signal bit rate, the third harmonic of the data signal is significantly attenuated. The instrument displays useful qualitative information, but quantitative rise-time measurements under these conditions may not be accurate. For example, a 1394b standard signal at the S800b rate has a bit rate of 983.0 Mb/s. 1.5 to 1.8 times this value is a range of 1.47 to 1.77 GHz. Therefore, you should not use a 1.5 GHz measurement system for making quantitative rise-time measurements of this standard. When just the instrument bandwidth falls within 1.5-1.8 (0.8 for optical signals) times the bit rate of a selected mask standard, the instrument displays the message Consider system bandwidth when testing at this bit rate. in the status area above the graticule. Optical Mask Testing Key Points (CSA7000 Series Only) There are a number of optical mask test key points to be aware of prior to doing optical mask testing on the CSA7000 Series instruments. The CSA7000 Series instruments, when equipped with the O/E Electrical Out-to-Ch1 Input Adapter, are calibrated optical reference receivers. This means that the instrument optical to electrical converter and instrument input channel have been tuned to have a fourth-order Bessel-Thompson response, as well as the correct frequency response for each supported standard by use of digital filters. When the O/E Electrical Out-to-Ch1 Input Adapter is installed, you select an optical mask, and the Bessel-Thompson filter mode is On, then only channel 1 is available. Trying to turn on any other channels, or perform certain functions such as changing the acquisition mode, results in an error message. Turning the Bessel-Thompson filter mode to off enables access to the other instrument channels, though channel 1 is no longer in the calibrated ORR mode. Optical signal mask testing is available for Fibre Channel, InfiniBand, SONET, 1394β, and 1G Ethernet standards. If a listed standard is not available on your instrument, it is because the bandwidth of your instrument is not high enough to test that standard. You can use O/E Adapters on different CSA7000 instruments without affecting the optical reference receiver calibration on an instrument. CSA7000 Series instruments provides recovered clock and recovered data signal outputs on the instrument front panel, as well as using the signals for internal triggering. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 31

Reference Communication (Comm) Triggering Communication (Comm) triggering sets the instrument to trigger on industry - standard communication signals. This section describes how to access and operate the communication trigger features. Communication Triggering To set the instrument to trigger on communication signals, do the following procedure. Overview Communication triggering Related control elements and resources Access the trigger control window 1. From the button bar, touch Trig and select the A Event trigger tab. The instrument opens the Trigger Setup control window. Select a communications trigger 2. Touch the Comm button. The instrument displays the Comm Trigger controls. Select comm trigger source 3. Touch the Source button to select the signal source channel. Select from channel 1 through channel 4. 32 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Select comm trigger coding and standard Communication triggering (cont.) 4. Touch the Coding button and select the appropriate code type for your signal from the list. The code selected determines which standards are available as well as other parameters, such as trigger threshold and pulse form. 5. Touch the Standard button, and select the appropriate signal standard from the list. The standard selected determines the bit rate. Related control elements and resources 6. The Bit Rate field shows the bit rate for the selected standard. Touch the Bit Rate field, and use the multipurpose knob or keypad to enter the serial data stream bit rate for nonstandard bit rates. Note. Changing the bit rate means the instrument is not triggering in accordance with the standard. The Standard type changes to Custom when you change the bit rate value. Select comm trigger type 7. Touch the Type button to select the signal type. Select from Data, Clock, and R Clk (recovered clock). Recovered clock is only available for NRZ coded signals. Data or clock sets the instrument to trigger on a data stream or clock signal on the input source, respectively. Refer to Recovered Clock (R Clk) Key Points on page 35 for information on the Recovered Clock function. 8. If Type is set to Clock, the instrument displays the Polarity button. Touch Polarity to set the clock signal polarity for the instrument to trigger on Pos(itive) or Neg(ative) clock edges. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 33

Reference Overview Select comm trigger pulse form Communication triggering (cont.) 9. Depending on the code setting, the instrument displays different sets of Pulse Form buttons. Touch the appropriate Pulse form button to select a pulse form setting, where each button means: AMI: Isolated +1, Isolated -1, and eye diagram CMI: +1 (binary 1), 0 (binary zero), -1 (inverse of binary 1), and eye diagram NRZ and MLT3: eye diagram only (no buttons displayed) Related control elements and resources Select comm trigger threshold levels 10. Depending on the code and standard setting, the instrument displays the Clock Level field with one or two threshold fields. Touch each Level field and use the multipurpose knob or keypad to enter the comm signal threshold level values. 34 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Recovered Clock (R Clk) Key Points The following are key recovered clock (R Clk) points: Recovered clock is a synchronous clock signal derived from the serial communications signal by using a Phase Lock Loop (PLL) clock recovery circuit. The recovered clock function only applies to NRZ source signals with a signal bit rate that is less than or equal to 2.5 Gb/s. The recovered clock and recovered data (up to 1.25 Gb/s) are also available at the front panel of a CSA7000 Series instrument. When you select recovered clock, the instrument attempts to trigger on and acquire a lock on the derived clock signal. If the source data stream is interrupted or is very distorted, then the instrument may not acquire a lock or may loose signal lock, causing an unstable waveform display. If this occurs, verify that the source signal is correct, and then push the LEVEL (Push to set 50%) front-panel knob to force the instrument to reacquire a lock on the data stream. The recovered clock function is not available on TDS7054 or TDS7104 instruments. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 35

Reference Serial Pattern Trigger Serial pattern trigger sets the instrument to trigger on a user-defined NRZ data stream pattern. This section describes how to access and operate the serial pattern trigger function. NOTE. Serial pattern trigger is not available on TDS7054 or TDS7104 instruments. Serial Pattern Trigger Setup To set the instrument to trigger on a user-defined serial data stream, do the following procedure. Overview Serial trigger setup Related control elements and resources Access the trigger control window 1. From the button bar, touch Trig, and select the A Event trigger tab. The instrument opens the Trigger Setup control window. Select serial trigger 2. Touch the Serial button. The instrument displays the Serial Trigger controls. 36 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Select data source Serial trigger setup (cont.) 3. Touch the Data Src button to select the serial data source. Select from channel 1 through channel 4. Related control elements and resources 4. Touch the Data Level field and use the multipurpose knob or keypad to enter the serial data stream data threshold level. Select serial trigger coding and standard 5. The Coding button always shows NRZ code type. 6. Touch the Standard button, and select the appropriate standard from the list. The standard selected determines the bit rate. 7. The Bit Rate field shows the bit rate for the selected standard. Touch the Bit Rate field, and use the multipurpose knob or keypad to enter the serial data stream bit rate for nonstandard bit rates. Note: Changing the bit rate means the instrument is not triggering in accordance with the standard. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 37

Reference Overview Select clock source, polarity, and level Serial trigger setup (cont.) 8. Touch the Clk Src button to select the serial data clock source. Select from channel 1 through channel 4 and R Clk (recovered clock). Recovered clock is only available for NRZ coded signals. Refer to Recovered Clock (R Clk) Key Points on page 35 for information on the Recovered Clock function. Related control elements and resources 9. If the clock source is different than the data source (except for R Clk), the instrument displays the Clk Polarity button and the Clk Level field. Touch Clk Polarity to set the clock signal polarity to Pos(itive) or Neg(ative). Touch the Clk Level field, and use the arrow buttons, multipurpose knob, or keypad to enter the clock signal threshold level. View the current serial trigger pattern 10. The Serial Pattern Data field shows the current serial pattern. Touch the Format button to select the pattern display format from the drop-down list. Available formats are binary and hexadecimal. 38 Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual

Reference Overview Edit the serial trigger pattern Serial trigger setup (cont.) 11. Touch the Editor button. The instrument displays the Serial Trigger edit controls. Related control elements and resources 12. To enter the serial data pattern in binary format, touch the Format button, and select Binary. To enter the serial data in hexadecimal format, touch the Format button, and select Hex. The editor updates the keypad for the selected format. 13. Touch the Home button to move the insertion cursor to the left end of the pattern string. 14. Touch the left-arrow or right-arrow button to move the insertion cursor left or right in the pattern field. You can also use the mouse or the keyboard arrow keys to move the insertion cursor. 15. Touch the Backspace button to erase the character to the left of the insertion cursor. 16. Touch the Clear button to erase all pattern data from the pattern field. 17. Touch the appropriate keypad character to enter a character. You can also use the keyboard to enter binary or hexadecimal characters. You can enter a maximum of 32 binary characters or 8 hexadecimal characters. Apply serial trigger pattern data 18. Touch the Apply button to apply the serial pattern to trigger the instrument. The instrument remains in the serial pattern data editor window. 19. Touch the Cancel button to cancel any changes since the last Apply action and return to the serial pattern trigger control window. 20. Touch the OK button to apply the current serial pattern data to the serial trigger and return to the serial pattern trigger control window. Serial Mask Testing & Serial Pattern Trigger User Manual 39