1 Book Fifteen Part Two Tale of contents Syllales and -ed, -ing, -tion & -ture Endings Written and illustrated y Miz Katz N. Ratz T.M. A Progressive Phonics ook Copyright (c) 2004 2007 y Miz Katz N. Ratz, patent pending 2 Words that end in -ed 10 Words that end in -ing 15 The word ecause 16 Syllale rules 39 The sh sound (includes words that end in -tion) 47 The ch sound (words that end in -ture) 48 Recommended reading
Words that end with ed 2 Sometimes we add the letters ed to the end of a word. Usually, this means that something happened in the past. For example, my dog arked a lot last night. However, the ed sound doesn t sound like ed or red, it sounds like this (see elow) you can hardly hear the e -- you mostly just hear the d. Last night, I a all all the way to the moon. kick d kicked Parent/teacher note: The exceptions (such as started and needed ) are taught later in this ook. When she was one, she and now she is two, she crawled crawls a lot more. crawled Last night she on the floor, all the way round the world. crawls She rather quickly well, quickly for a girl.
3 I I washed my dog; washed him well. washed smell smelled Then I him again, ut he still had a. Then I the same on my hands and my clothes then I found that the was inside my nose. smell smell Last night, I such a ig that my mouth was open all night until dawn. My cat he he he yawned yawn yawned too yawned wished swallowed igger than me; that he didn t a ee!
Sometimes, when we add ed to very short words, we also add a second letter this stops the e from turning into a naughty, silent e and reaching around and pinching the first vowel. zzzzzz zz 4 hug hugged huged hugged I huge cat. sip sipped siped sipped I milk. my my My cat had to take a ut he he that I never thought he would so long, so much, enough. Three years went y or maye it was four when my cat woke up, he napped napped nap napped nap some more.,
If a word already has an e at the end, we just add a d. 5 Last week, a frog hopped He hopped his son and his wife. They hopped and under my chair. And now they hop, hop hop into my life. with his daughter, in the door, in my hair. I a cake for your irthday. I a cake, ut it. I aked aked urned aked ake that I so now I will the cake for you, urned some worms.
6 I I hoped hoped ut the frogs that the frogs would leave me they would go away are still up there today. I will now put my head in water, hope into my hair and I that the frogs away. And if that doesn t work, I know this will hurt, hopped hop ut I ll squirt them with hair spray. Though I like to, and I last night I and my leg fell off. I sneeze sneeze a lot, sneezed sneezed again, rolled and my head away now I m stuck inside and I can t go play.
7 When a word ends with a y, the y changes to an i, and then we add ed. fried I egg. an But if the word already ends with ie, we just add a d tied I my shoe with a pink rion. Baies Baies when they are hungry. when they are sad. But when I was a ay, I I I cry cry cried cried cried when I was glad; when I wasn t hungry; when I was asleep. My rother says I when I, so he never lied listened to me. cried
8 But if the y is right next to a vowel, like an when a word ends with a y, the y does NOT change into an i we add ed. I wasn t hungry so I my food. toyed The dog where he was. with stayed I like to I play played played the piano; it just last night. First I some music, and then the piano said, Alright now it s time to or maye a game of chess. some cards, And the piano won every game we played play the piano was the est!
9 The words said and paid reak the rule. Funny thing is, the two words sound very different. Hello said She, Hello. paid I him three pennies. I walked to the store for ice cream, ut they I was too small. I did not know what to, so I said Then they asked me to at all. for something I didn t uy. So I them a lot of nothing, and then I said nothing paid said say pay, Goodye. good money
Words that end with ing 10 Sometimes we add the letters ing to the end of a word. When we add ing to the end of a word, the i sound is very small. This makes it sound a little it different to the words ring, thing and ring. ring ring jumping jumping I am a to my mother I am And the that I to my mother is etter than flowers or socks. I found the when I was I am ringing ring ringing it in a ox ring ring ring in the garden, digging hoping for worms in the dirt. my mom really likes it, so she doesn t get mad at my shirt.
11 We add ing to some words when we re talking aout DOING something running He is. We also sometimes add ing to a word when we want to descrie something or tell someone WHICH thing we re talking aout... running Yesterday he was. The running dog. Tomorrow he will e running sleeping The cat is now.. A river has running water; a pond has standing water. sleeping The cat was last night. And the cat will still e sleeping in an hour. The laughing cat.
12 You will learn more aout this later in school. For now, all you need to know that we use ing at the end of a lot of words! The running dog is running all around the park. The running does keeps running, even though it is getting dark. running running even when the sun doesn t shine. The running dog keeps running and I keep on wondering why. The dog keeps, I am to the zoo my rother is We are going coming going coming going ut you aren t ecause we re to take a look at you! to the zoo, too. too to the zoo
13 I like eing a cat, ut eing And though eing eing But eing a dog is etter. a fish is wetter. who I am is the very est of all I like to e myself, although I m rather small. a frog is fun, What will you give if I m eing Giving me candy would e good Giving would e a don t give me very good? and you should! me candy surprise it to me yet, let me first close my eyes.
The word nothing comes from the words no and thing ut we pronounce it differently. 14 Listening is giving I am trying ut it s keeping I wish that the dog didn t need to diet ecause giving to that noise me a headache. to sleep, me awake. him food is all that keeps him quiet. A hungry monkey asked me for a, ut I had well, a penny, a crayon, and a candy wrapper too ut the monkey wanted ut a nut nothing nothing ut nut, oo, hoo. nothing
Because 15 The word ecause is a good one to know why? Because it isn t spelled how it sounds. Because is an important word that you have to know y memory. I think this I think this This thing does is roken; is dead. when I hit it on the head. But if it did, what Well, etter than ecause thing thing nothing something something nothing nothing would that e? others me! uzz A ee says, uzz, uzz uzz ecause, ecause, ecause a ee says, uzz that s why, ecause!
Syllales 16 Just like a sentence is made of words, a word is made up of syllales. If you know how to reak a word into syllales, it will e easier to read igger words. I was ecause ecause ecause ecause It wasn t And or perhaps I was... Why? Well,!... I was. I wasn t. I wasn t... And to teach you, here is a Silly Bull who knows all aout syllales. Ready? Syl-la-les
Silly Bull Rule 1 Every syllale has one and ONLY one vowel sound. cat Silly Bull Rule 2 The numer of vowel sounds in a word tells you how many syllales there are. 1 pig 17 chicken 2 ti-ger 3 kan-ga-roo sssh! Shhhhh is not a word ecause it doesn t have a vowel sound. 5 4 al-li-ga-tor hip-po-pot-ta-mus
Read this page, and then tell me how many syllales are in each ig, red word. (Then do the same for the next three pages.) 18 I am to, ut I that I. It was it trying rememer think forgot very important truly meant a lot. happen happening to me? memory How could it? Why is it I think that my is just a memory. I am only eleven, ut I am very grown up. And after I am twelve, I will leave my home, ut... mother and my ay rother too. Together we will live with the monkeys at the zoo. I will ring with me my, Answers: only=2, eleven-3, quite=1, grown=1, after=2, twelve=1, leave=1, mother=2, ay=2, rother=2, together=3, monkeys=2. Answers: rememer=3, think=1 forgot=2, very=2, important=3, truly=2, meant=1, happen=2, happening=3, memory=3.
19 Before I am ale upon tale I must clim upon But efore I can do that I have to move the seven that have climed into to clim the, the chair. cats my hair. Every night efore I fall asleep I count seven hundred sheep. They dance upon my ed efore they jump into my head, ut I never, ever feel their feet., Answers: efore=2, ale=2, upon=2, seven=2, into=2. Answers: efore=2, asleep=2, seven=2, hundred=2, upon=2, into=2, never=2, ever=2.
Silly Bull Rule 3 Not every vowel makes a sound. Silent vowels and walking vowels don t count when you re counting syllales. ( When two vowels are walking, only one vowel does the talking. ) The silent vowels on this page are colored orange. Read the page, and then count how many orange silent vowels are here. 20 snake cro-co-dile sheep a-oon goat Someone something and he already wants it ack. I must have put it somewhere surely I rememer that? Again and again, I checked my clothes; I even looked etween my toes. I will e more careful next time I will put it on my nose. gave me,
Silly Bull Rule 4 21 Sometimes a vowel makes a sound all y itself, separate from other letters. When this happens, the vowel is a syllale all y itself. o-pen e-lec-tric-i-ty i-de-a u-ni-corn ra-di-o a-pron We went to the to listen to some music. But the over electric so we couldn t really use it. My cat started to sing, cord was gone, ut as soon as her mouth was, I had to close my ears, radio so my rain would not e roken. open
Silly Bull Rule 5 Many times, when two vowels are right next to each other, one of the vowels is silent. But sometimes, two vowels next to each other oth make a sound, and when this happens, they count as separate syllales. Read this page, and then tell me how many syllales are in each ig, red word. 22 lion li-on hyena hy-e-na oa o-a I had a ig, igger than my head. A huge like a It was so ig that the idea idea giant piano ideas How do ig goose egg. looked quite small. fit inside my head at all? Answers: idea=3, giant-=2, piano=3, ideas=3.
Silly Bull Rule 6 23 Rememer, the letter y is sometimes a vowel and sometimes isn t. Show me which y is a consonant and which is a vowel. yak pony hyena When anyone knocks on my yellow door, I ask them, Who are you? they year I know they are from the zoo. Why do animals come here? It does seem rather dum. It s happened so very many that I am no longer young. If take a to answer, times,
Silly Bull Rule 7 24 Sometimes, two words join together to make a longer word. Usually, the two words are pretty easy to spot. When figuring out the syllales in this kind of word, always divide BETWEEN the two words. Read the right and wrong words out loud, and you ll see what I mean. how-ev-er some-times eye-all with-out an-other (Right) ho-wev-er so-met-imes e-ye-all wit-ho-ut a-not-her (Wrong) without myself My footprints were nothing, my eyealls were gone, no lips whistled something that wasn t a song. Noody told me the way to nowhere and everyone knows I never got there. I went for a walk.
Silly Bull Rule 8 25 When two or more consonants sit etween two vowel sounds in a word, the word is usually divided etween the FIRST two consonants. Eww! funny under children complete fun-ny un-der chil-dren com-plete I was, it was when my said,! to my, feet. I went where I ought a lot of food. I almost hungry nearly time to eat, tummy Hurry funny yellow running to the market started to eat, tummy ut my said, Ewww!
Silly Bull Rule 9 26 But some consonants shouldn t e separated, or it could e confusing to read the words. Read the right and wrong words out loud, and you ll see what I mean. The smell of a hundred chipmunks is etter a hundred skunks. But the prolem with a hundred chipmunks is their manners eating lunch. They gole than when they re it up and stuff it in their cheeks, which get so full they can hardly spit or speak. h thinking candies thin-king think-ing can-dies cand-ies
Silly Bull Rule 10 27 squeak And some consonants should never, EVER e separated like when two consonants are working together to make a ch or sh or th sound. Read the right and the wrong words out loud so you can see what I mean. father fat-her fa-ther Ben Ding was ending down to touch his toes. He was thanking his knees for not anging his nose. sister Splendid His hamster said, Squeak! And if you are wondering, hamsters can t speak. His said,! nothing teaches fisherman together not-hing no-thing teac-hes teach-es fis-her-man fish-er-man to-get-her to-geth-er
28 run for your life! I made two sandwiches without any read. They were messy and squishy, and the utter wouldn t spread. I was washing the dishes and searching for a knife, when they ran away together saying, Run for your life! I picked two for my But I would one and keep the This one is think it has a worm. give him, ut I for me. Eww! It s my hand now I ve got peaches rother, see? rather other fresher touching another germ!
Silly Bull Rule 11 29 The ck letter comination is never divided ecause they make only one sound (kuh) if they were divided, you would have to make TWO kuk sounds. Read the following right and wrong words, and you ll see what I mean. chicken crackers jacket chic-ken chick-en crac-kers crack-ers jac-ket jacket I thought I ought a cuckoo clock that s what they told me at the shop. I ran home quickly and stuck it on the wall I was lucky I thought it was cool, ut no, it was yucky when out came a chicken and a ruer ducky. that it did not fall.
Silly Bull Rule 12 30 Rememer that we put -ed at the end of some words? And rememer that you can t really hear the e just the d? Well ecause there isn t any vowel SOUND, the -ed that is added to the end of words does NOT make a syllale of its own. I put my lunch in the pocket of my jacket. packet Two months later, when the weather got cold, my knuckles found that lunch so old icky, sticky and very, very sickly. Then I forgot to eat the. danced hugged dance-ed danc d hug-ged hug d
Silly Bull Rule 13 But when a word ends in a t or a d, you can hear the -ed ending so it is a separate syllale. Read this page and the next, and then show me which ed endings are a separate syllale, and which ones are not. 31 started needed When I was a ay, I lifted lift-ed start-ed need-ed the car. I wanted to knit a sock. knitted one for you. mended tried pushed pulled So I It had a little hole, ut I Then I it with glue. to put the sock on; I and a lot. When I finally got the sock on, I could not pull it off.
Silly Bull Rule 14 32 When a word ends in le, the consonant right efore the le often joins together with the -le to make the last syllale in a word. I I to e scary; to scare someone. So I to e a monster I I wanted needed pretended hoped waited y a tree jumped yawned and My cat just to have some fun. out at my cat. and that was the end of that. and fell asleep, turtle ule people tur-tle u-le peo-ple
33 Little Lot To draw a, draw two Then turn it upside down and stare at it a LOT. It could e a, or maye a poodle circles icycle turtle s eyes. poodle and a dot. But we know it s a... surprise, surprise, surprise. I stood in the etween a and a Lot. I couldn t move a couldn t I tried to ut I only I wish that were a middle Little muscle giggle wiggle out, wiggled in. Little little more thin., couldn t cough. and a Lot
Silly Bull Rule 15 34 When a word ends in al or el, it doesn t really sound much different than if a word ends in -le. animal an-i-mal usual us-u-al metal met-al special spe-cial spe-shal camel cam-el towel tow-el tunnel tun-nel My cat is not a My cat is very. My cat is so that she should get a. What makes my cat so? I m glad that you have asked. My normal cat special unusual medal special magical doing nothing in the grass. cat can sit for hours
Silly Bull Rule 16 35 If a two-syllale word has ONE consonant in the middle, the first vowel sound is usually long.. It is a not difficult at all. But I am just an and my rain is So, hold on a minute, while I the telephone I think I left my rain on the simple puzzle animal unusually dial tale ack at home. small. paper even tiny open music
Silly Bull Rule 17 36 And if a word has TWO or more consonants in the middle, the first vowel sound is usually short. happy yellow little ottle funny ha ha ha I am writing a letter yellow paper myself later letter etter egan little silly etter than, Poor Me! on a piece of. I will send it to, so that I can read it. To make my, I with Dear Me it sounds a ut it s
Silly Bull Rule 18 37 WOOF woof WOOF But there are lots and lots of words that reak these two rules aout long and short vowel sounds. If you don t know a word, try and say it with a short vowel and then a long vowel, and see which way makes sense. I suppose when the ay ut today ecause doggy listen I can e it is a is sleeping, I am keeping my in my room just to her. My dog will not e quiet, even silent prolem yapping napping when she is. seven closet travel desert
38 If I lived in the, I would want to have a, so the desert camel camel and I travel travel travel camel could,, to the market for milk and perhaps a little apple and that is why I need to have a. Me, my like to swim in the, ut we,, swim without our. Our ody and I river never ever ever liver liver stays inside never ever ever liver home alone with our tummy and our ones and we would,, leave our
The sh sound 39 Parent/teacher note: There are several more syllale rules for example, rules aout prefixes, suffixes and hyphens ut this is not the time or the place for them. At this point, your child/student needs to practice reading and learn more aout the parts of speech, tenses, etc. We don t have a letter for the sh sound, so we use a COMBINATION of letters to spell the sound. There are aout 12 different ways of spelling it, ut these four ways are used the most. fish motion special yes, you can permission
And how do you know if these letters are pronounced normally or pronounced sh? Simple you look and see if there s a vowel or a consonant afterwards. Try saying the sh sound for ALL of these words, and you ll see what I mean. vowel comes after action acting vowel comes after consonant comes after delicious decide mission missing consonant comes after vowel comes after consonant comes after Consonants:,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,p,q,r,s,t,v,w,x,y,z Vowels: a, e, i, o, u and sometimes y Martin Martian he has three Martian and one Martian eye always cries, cries, cries. Martin isn t sad, all Martians ut Martin s third eye is a sad, little chappy. is a ; A chappy is English slang for a man or a oy can also e applied to an oject. eyes are quite happy, 40
41 When I go out in the sun, I wear sun tan. But the gives me a ad. The lotion lotion that I wear emotion lotion is pink, emotion and my skin turns lue Would you have ad if it happened to you? We went to the station and caught the wrong train it was very, very dark and there was a lot of rain. Station after station, we did not see the stations going y our eyes were fast asleep. At the end of the line, we were in the wrong station; not just far from home, nation ut in a totally different.
42 rrrrrr! An in an counts his money on an ancient cat ancient hat ancient matt. cent cents ancient cat One, two, eight, nine, ten... then the starts over again. My cat is very ; well, I ve had my since I was two or three. My cat is so that he talks I just special special to me. special cat special specially wish he is saying to me. I understood what
43 Fish delicious city suspicious fish is too pretty! delicious are, said the cat from the, ut I am this Because just how can a fish this suspicious e if the fish swishes never swims or? My dog is on a to catch the cat. My cat is on a to catch the rat. And I am on a to make them all e friends ut I think that my will never have an end. mission mission mission mission (In this use, swish means to move in a curving, exaggerated way.)
(Skip this one if the words are too advanced) 44 If a what you do for work, then my ay rother is a My patting him on the ack and then he has to take a profession is professional urp. profession is professional nap. I can see y the on your angry, angry face that I didn t have to win our silly race. Your expression is confession that you have a ig with winning, ut what s wrong with eing second place? expression permission osession
45 In the words sure and sugar, the letter s makes the sh sound all y itself. In the word ocean, the c and the i make the sh sound... I am sure I love sugar; sugar is the est. I put lots of sugar on everything, yes! But are you sure that sugar on mud tastes good? I prefer to eat sugar on chunks of wood. A lot of live in the. And the waves of an are always in. I like to have the that my ath tu is an where the fish ocean ocean motion notion ocean fish all know to leave my toes alone! Note: Notion means idea.
46 There are some words that reak this rule (like spicier, science and society. And words that end in -stion (like question, suggestion, and digestion) are pronounced queschun instead of ques-shun. I want to learn aout science Science is good; science is cool. And if I am a scientist when I grow up I need to e good at science and stuff. at school. questions question question suggestion indigestion I know the answer to a lot of little. But what is the answer to a really ig? A really ig if you don t mind the is: why does eating mud give me?
The ch sound 47 We don t have a letter for the ch sound, so we use a COMBINATION of letters to spell the sound. The ch sound is almost always spelled with a c and an h, ut some words (aout 300 of them) have a -cher sound that is spelled -ture.. picture vulture nature I can see into the I have a crystal all. And today I see a of a Now, a future picture vulture on the wall. vulture is a creature future that I do not wish to meet, so I need another... hmmmm what will it e?
48 The end (Phew!) Recommended reading Dr. Seuss ALL of his ooks! My dog waits ehind a tree ecause he wants to What an! He jumps out with a growl! He knocks me down onto the ground. me. And, yes, I let him me even though he is smaller than little, old me. capture adventure capture Dav Pilkey especially the Captain Underpants ooks (very humorous and lots of illustrations). Mr. Pilkey has written and illustrated over forty ooks pulished y Scholastic Press. Check out www.pilkey.com Peggy Parish the Amelia Bedilia ooks pulished y Harper Collins (aout 30 ooks). Many illustrations and lots of word play. James Marshal especially his George and Martha ooks. Mr. Marshal has pulished more than ten funny and charming ooks with Houghton Mifflin.