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LESSON 5 TEACHER S GUIDE by Cara Robins Fountas-Pinnell Level S Biography Selection Summary Ellie Mannette loved drums, but he struggled to play in his homeland of Trinidad, where drummers were considered troublemakers. Number of Words: 1,346 Characteristics of the Text Genre Biography Text Structure Third-person narrative in eight sections with headers Variety in organization and topic Content Steel drum playing Trinidad and Tobago, drumming history and culture Themes and Ideas Ellie Mannette changed the negative reputation of steel drumming Drums were important in West African culture. Language and Setting is distant in time and space from most students experiences Literary Features Some fi gurative language: looked down their noses; the drums were silenced Sentence Complexity Sentences with serial nouns divided by commas Many longer complex sentences, including sentences of more than 15 words Vocabulary Some specialized words, such as Trinidad, Caribbean, West Africans, plantation Words Some multisyllable target vocabulary words that may be challenging: genuinely, innovation, parallel, predominantly, tendency Pronunciation help provided for place name: Laventille Illustrations Photographs, with captions and labels Book and Print Features Twelve pages of text with illustrations on every spread Timeline, map, sidebars Table of contents 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-31041-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 1 1/11/10 5:14:24 PM

by Cara Robins Build Background Help students use their knowledge of music to visualize the biography. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: Have you ever heard steel drumming? If not, what do you think a steel drum sounds like? Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Tell students that this selection is a biography, so it tells about events in a person s life as written by another person. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, reading the captions, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Explain that this book tells about drumming in Trinidad and events in Ellie Mannette s life. Suggested language: Read the table of contents. What does it tell you about Ellie Mannette s relationship to steel drumming? Page 4: Have students look at the map to fi nd the islands of Trinidad and Tobago. Read the caption: Trinidad and Tobago is one country. In other words, the islands today form a single political unit. Explain that according to the text, when Ellie was young, people looked down their noses at drummers. What does it mean to look down your nose at something? Page 5: The text explains that French planters created large plantations on the island and they used enslaved Africans to do the work. Read the sentence with the highlighted word: They came predominantly from West Africa. Ask: What s another word for predominantly? Page 8: Explain that the photograph shows a steel drum orchestra. Read the last two sentences about the steel drum: And secondly, you can play a song on it. That s what makes it special. Tell students that, unlike traditional drums, which can only be used to keep a rhythm, or beat, a steel drum can be used to play arrangements of actual musical notes. Now go back to the beginning and read to learn how Ellie Mannette played a major role in invention of the steel drum. Target Vocabulary aptly in an appropriate way aspect one of something s dimension or parts credit recognition or approval, p. 9 genuinely sincerely and without falsehood, p. 13 innovation something new or improved, p. 11 parallel similar or identical predominantly for the most part, mainly or mostly, p. 5 tendency an inclination toward some action or condition tension mental strain or nervous anxiety welfare a person s health, happiness, or well-being, p. 6 2 Lesson 5: 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 2 7/29/09 1:51:26 PM

Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Summarize Strategy important parts of the text in their own words. and to put the Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the text. Suggested language: What did you find most interesting about this book? Why? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Ellie Mannette loved the drums at a young age, but when he was older, he struggled to gain respect for the steel drum. Ellie Mannette developed the steel drum during World War II. Ellie went on to make innovations in the steel drum, worked with children, and won a silver medal for his music. One reason that drumming had a bad reputation is because during slavery times in Trinidad, the enslaved Africans used drums to send each other messages. Ellie Mannette was dedicated to the steel drum and has worked with children to promote music. 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The author uses photographs to give a sense of what Trinidad is like. The timeline provides a history of steel drums. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to demonstrate reading at an appropriate rate. Remind them to rely on punctuation, using a full stop with voices going down at periods and up at question marks. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Remind students that prefi xes and suffi xes, such as re, ion, and ant, are added to root words to change their meaning or part of speech. Examples from the text include: replaced, innovation, and important. 3 Lesson 5: 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 3 11/5/09 10:30:08 AM

English Language Development Reading Support Give English learners a preview of the text by holding a brief small-group discussion with them before reading the text with the entire group. Idioms The text includes some idioms and phrases that may be unfamiliar, such as looked down their noses (p. 4), drummed into the night (p. 6), born on the streets (p. 9), and final jump to the modern steel drum (p. 10). Oral Language Development Check student comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches your students English proficiency. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the student. Beginning/Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced Speaker 1: Who is this biography about? Speaker 2: Ellie Mannette Speaker 1: What did Ellie do? Speaker 2: played the steel drum Speaker 1: Where was Ellie from? Speaker 2: Trinidad Speaker 1: What made the steel drum different? Speaker 2: It could play notes. Speaker 1: How did drumming develop in Trinidad? Speaker 2: It was first performed by enslaved West Africans. Speaker 1: Why did the British make drums against the law? Speaker 2: The British worried that the enslaved Africans who played the drums were planning a revolt. Name Date Lesson 5 BLACKLINE MASTER 5.7 Read and answer the questions. Possible responses shown. 1. Think within the text What is Elliot Mannette known for? He is known for playing a big part in inventing the steel drum. 2. Think within the text Where is Elliot Mannette from? He is from Trinidad, an island in the Caribbean Sea. 3. Think beyond the text Do you admire any musicians or other artists? Why or why not? Yes. Many musicians I like have worked very hard to achieve their dreams. They give me hope to keep chasing my own dreams. 4. Think about the text Do you think the author did a good job of including facts and information about Elliot s life into the story? Why or why not? Yes, the author included a lot of facts about Elliot in the book. I like the way the author used words, diagrams, and photographs to explain the history of steel drums and Elliot s life. Making Connections This is a story about a man who worked hard at and practiced what he loved to do. Think about someone you know who spends a lot of time practicing a skill. What does this person have in common with Elliot Mannette? Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook.. All rights reserved. 9, Unit 1: Finding Your Voice 5 Lesson 5: 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 5 7/29/09 1:51:27 PM

Name Date Thinking Beyond the Text Think about the questions below. Then write your answer in one or two paragraphs. Remember that when you think beyond the text, you use your personal knowledge to reach new understandings. The text on page 13 says that after Ellie Mannette began to develop steel drums in different sizes to play different kinds of notes, people finally thought of him as a musician. What do you think makes someone a musician? Why did people no longer think of the drummers of Trinidad as troublemakers but, rather, as music makers? Support your writing with details from the text. 6 Lesson 5: 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 6 7/29/09 1:51:28 PM

Name Date Lesson 5 BLACKLINE MASTER 5.7 Read and answer the questions. 1. Think within the text What is Elliot Mannette known for? 2. Think within the text Where is Elliot Mannette from? 3. Think beyond the text Do you admire any musicians or other artists? Why or why not? 4. Think about the text Do you think the author did a good job of including facts and information about Elliot s life into the story? Why or why not? Making Connections This is a story about a man who worked hard at and practiced what he loved to do. Think about someone you know who spends a lot of time practicing a skill. What does this person have in common with Elliot Mannette? Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook. 7 Lesson 5: 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 7 7/29/09 1:51:29 PM

Student Date Lesson 5 BLACKLINE MASTER 5.11 LEVEL S Running Record Form page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 4 As the years passed, Ellie s parents saw how much their son loved drums, so they let him keep playing. They still weren t sure drumming was such a good thing, though. What worried them was that in Trinidad, drummers were known as troublemakers. People looked down their noses at them. To understand the battles Ellie would face, you have to go all the way back to when Europeans first settled Trinidad. 5 In 1498, Christopher Columbus was the first European to find Trinidad. He only stayed long enough to claim it for Spain. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/91 100) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly cat 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase Omission cat 0 cat 1 Behavior Code Error Substitution cut cat 1 Self-corrects cut sc cat 0 Insertion the 1 Word told T 1 cat 1414445 8 Lesson 5: 6_310411_BL_LRTG_L05_elliesteeldrum.indd 8 7/29/09 1:51:30 PM