Chapter 3 Internship Activities In this chapter, the writer will discuss about what was done when doing internship program in UPT P2B of Sebelas Maret University as a translator. The writer had translated 36 texts in total, including 26 legal/official documents consisting of birth certificates and graduation certificates, and 10 personal document consisting general texts or non-legal documents such as speech manuscript and abstract. The writer will firstly discuss about activities in general in order to give an overview of the activities done by the writer during the internship program, after that the writer will explain about translating legal document including explanation about what does legal document refer to, then the writer will also explain about translating personal document including explanation about what personal documents refer to, and the last the writer would discuss about the problems during the internship program along with the solution. Activities in General When doing the internship program in UPT P2B, the writer had translated many legal and personal documents. Before translating text, a client is required to fill a translation contract in order to make a deal and to inform the client about the rights and responsibilities by both client and translator. The picture of translation contract is attached bellow:
After the client signs the translation contract, then the translator starts to translate the text as soon as possible considering many other documents needed to translate. 1. Translating Legal Document Legal document refers to documents that are officially legitimated according to law or a Decision such as birth certificates and certificate of graduation. Translating legal documents requires translator to know the terms that has been patented to be used as equal words in legal documents, for example the words Surat Keputusan (SK) shouldn t be literally translated into Letter of Decision, but Decision. Therefore, in order to make acceptable, readable, and accurate translation, there are some procedures done by the writer when translating legal documents in UPT P2B of Sebelas Maret University. a. Comprehending Text In the earlier semester when the writer takes translation class, the writer realizes that comprehending text is needed to be done in order to make a grammatically acceptable translation since translation couldn t be done by translating word by word. Translating word by word tends to make a grammatically wrong translation since grammar of Bahasa is different from English grammar. Therefore when translating legal documents, the writer would firstly try to understand the text. This is started with understanding sentence by sentence. b. Finding Parallel Text After doing text comprehension, then the writer starts to search parallel text on the internet because the writer have never translated any legal documents although the writer had taken translation class in the earlier semester. Therefore, finding parallel text is needed when the writer does not understand terms in legal document. c. Translating If the writer finds parallel text related to legal document that is being translated, then the writer will start to translate the text. In translating, the writer needs dictionary both online and offline to help finding new vocabularies. d. Revising the First Translation If the writer finishes with the translation, then the writer submits it to the supervisor. Next, the writer discusses it with the supervisor, and then the supervisor may revise and edit the writer s translation if there are any mistake.
In order to give a clear picture about the writer s translation in UPT P2B of Sebelas Maret University, bellows are the pictures of source text, of the writer s first and final translation, and table of comparison between source text, first translation, and final translation as the example. Indonesia to English Picture 1.1 Source Text of Certificate of Graduate of Sebelas Maret University *Several information have been discarded to protect the secrecy of the document
Picture 1.2 First Translation
Picture 1.3 Final Translation Below is the table of comparison between the source text, the first translation and the final translation. Table 1.1 Source Text First Translation Final Translation - NO Number: Number - Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Department of National Education The Ministry Of National Education - Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta menyatakan bahwa Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Certificate Of Graduation Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Certificate Of Graduation
This is to certify that: This is to certify that: - NRM: - Lahir di tanggal Student Registration Number: born in on Student Registration Number: born in on - Telah menyelesaikan dan memenuhi semua syarat pendidikan program pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret Finished and fulfilled all of the educational requirements Graduate program of Sebelas Maret University completed and fulfilled all of the educational requirements for the Graduate Program - Program Studi: Ilmu Komunikasi Study Program : Communication Science in Communication Science, - Minat Utama: Teori dan Penelitian Komunikasi - kepadanya diberikan gelar - Magister Sains (M.Si) Core Interest: Theory And Research Of Communication and therefore he was admitted to the degree of: MAGISTER SAINS (M.Si.) the Core Interest of Theory and Research of Communication, Sebelas Maret University and therefore he was admitted to the Graduate Degree of MAGISTER SAINS (M.Si.) Graduate Degree in Science - Beserta segala hak dan kewajiban yang melekat pada gelar tersebut with all rights and responsibilities appertaining thereto. with all the rights and responsibilities appertaining thereto
- Diberikan di Surakarta pada tanggal Tujuh Belas Januari Dua Ribu Empat granted in surakarta on the seventeenth day of january in the year of two thousand and four Granted in Surakarta on the Seventeenth Day of January in the Year of Two Thousand and Four. - Direktur Program Pascasarjana Director Graduate Program Director of Graduate and Postgraduate Program - Rektor Rector Rector Based on the figures and table above, it can be seen that the writer applies two technique of translation namely (1) literal technique that can be seen in most of the words in the text that were translated literally, and (2) pure borrowing that can be seen from the degree Magister Sains (M.Si) that was also translated into Magister Sains (M.Si) in the first translation, but the supervisor revised it by adding explanation of the degree in English. English to Indonesia Picture 1.4 Source Text of Chinese Marriage
Picture 1.5 First Translation of Chinese Marriage Picture 1.6 Final Translation of Chinese Marriage
Below is the table of comparison between source text, first translation and final translation. Table 1.2 Source Text First Translation Final Translation - Certificate Bearer Pemegang Akta Nama Lengkap Pemegang Akta - Date of registration: July 28, 2014 Tanggal Pendaftaran: 28 Juli 2014 Tanggal Pendaftaran: 28 Juli 2014 - Zi and No. of marriage certificate Zi dan Nomor Akta Perkawinan Nomor Akta Perkawinan - Remark: Menyatakan: Keterangan: - Name: Nama: Nama: - Sex: Male Jenis Kelamin: Laki-Laki Jenis Kelamin : Laki-Laki - Nationality: China Kewarganegaraan: China Kebangsaan: Cina - Date of Birth: Tanggal lahir: Tanggal Lahir: - ID Card No.: Nomor Identitas Nomor Kartu Identitas - Name: Nama Nama - Sex: Female Jenis Kelamin: Perempuan Jenis Kelamin: Perempuan - Nationality: Indonesia Kewarganegaraan: Indonesia Kebangsaan: Indonesia - ID card No.: Nomor Identitas: Nomor Kartu Identitas: - Stipulated in the Marriage Law, both the man and woman desiring to contract a marriage must register in person with the marriage registration office. Menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan, kedua belah pihak yang ingin melakukan pernikahan harus mendaftar sendiri ke Kantor Catatan Perkawinan Ditetapkan dalam Undang- Undang Perkawinan, laki-laki dan perempuan yang menghendaki Akad Perkawinan harus mendaftar sendiri pada Kantor Pencatatan Perkawinan. - If the proposed marriage is found to Apabila ajuan pernikahan telah memenuhi ketetapan, Jika perkawinan yang diajukan diketahui sesuai
be in conformity with the provisions of the law, the couple shall be allowed to register and issued the marriage certificate. maka pasangan akan diijinkan untuk mendaftar dan diberi Akta Perkawaninan. dengan ketentuan-ketentuan undang-undang yang berlaku, pasangan tersebut harus diizinkan untuk mendaftarkan perkawinannya dan Akta Perkawinan harus diterbitkan. - The husband-and-wife relationship shall be established as soon as they acquire the the marriage certificate Status hubungan suami-istri akan disahkan setelah mereka memperoleh Akta Perkawinan Hubungan suami dan istri harus dijalankan segera setelah pasangan tersebut memperoleh akta perkawinan. The writer also received a legal document from China that had been translated into English. From the figures and table of the legal document from China, it can be seen that the writer used literal technique in translating the text. But the writer s supervisor used particularization technique to translate Certificate Bearer into Nama Lengkap Pemegang Akta. 2. Translating Personal Document Personal document refers to general documents owned by someone, a group or on behalf of an institution without officially legitimized based on law or a decision, such as speech manuscript, and abstract. As well as translating legal document, translating personal documents requires the writer to know terms usually used in certain fields such as Economic, and to do some procedures as follows in order to make acceptable, readable, and accurate translation: a. Comprehending Text In translating any kind of text, the writer will firstly try to comprehend the text to find the meaning of the sentences so that every word will not be wrongly translated considering that one word can be translated into several words.
b. Rearranging Text Translating general text is different from translating legal text. The sentences in legal text will not be rearranged considering that legal documents already have pattern sentence issued by government, but general texts sometimes need to be rearranged due to several inappropriate grammars or dictions. This needs done in order to make readable and acceptable sentences. c. Finding Parallel Text Finding parallel text is needed in translating any kind of text since this can make the writer sure about certain terms in equal words. d. Translating Text After the writer is convinced about grammar and dictions in each sentence by rearranging it, and about terms that should be used, then the writer will start to translate. e. Revising Text Although the writer feels convinced about the translation, the writer still have to give the first translation to the supervisor to be revised. From here the writer learnt a lot about the mistakes. In order to give a clear picture about personal document translated by the writer, the writer will also give a table containing source text, first translation and final translation from Bahasa to English related to a personal document. But unfortunately the writer did not receive any personal document in English that needed to be translated into Bahasa. Table 2.1 Journal Document Source Text First Translation Final Translation Jika perusahaan mendapatkan laba yang terus meningkat, hal itu direspon positif oleh para investor sebagai prospek yang baik untuk perusahaan, dan hal ini akan direspon positif, sehingga menaikkan If company gets profit which keeps on increasing, it will be positively considered by investors as a good prospect for company so that it will increase stock price. Brigham and Houstom (2006) stated If company gets profit which is increasing, it will be positively considered by investors as a good prospect for company so that it will increase stock price. Brigham and Houstom (2006) state
harga saham. Brigham dan Houston (2006) menyatakan bahwa rasio profitabilitas akan menunjukkan efek dari likuiditas, manajemen aktiva, dan utang pada hasil operasi. Rasio ini digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan perusahaan dalam menghasilkan laba atau seberapa efektif pengelolaan perusahaan oleh manajemen. that profitability ratios show the combined effects of liquidity, asset management, and debt on operating results. This ratio is used to find out about company s ability in getting profit or about how effective the company s management by management. that profitability ratios show the combined effects of liquidity, asset management, and debt on operating results. This ratio is used to investigate the company s ability in getting profit or about how effective the corporate management is. In the table 1.2.1, the writer chose 1 paragraph from a personal document entitled Journal Document as the example. From the first translation, it can be seen that the writer applies literal technique in translating this text. But in the last sentence of the source text, Rasio ini digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan perusahaan dalam menghasilkan laba atau seberapa efektif pengelolaan perusahaan oleh manajemen. was translated into This ratio is used to find out about company s ability in getting profit or about how effective the company s management by management. by the writer. From these two sentences, it can be seen that the word menghasilkan laba is not literally translated into producing profit, but getting profit because company s profit is not produced, but it s gotten by selling a product. This is why comprehending text is necessary to be done in order to understand the meaning of the text. Problems during Internship During the internship program, the writer faced several problems in translating. That s why, the writer s logbook not only does it contain of lists of activity, date and time, but it also contains lists of problem and solution. Bellows are the problems faced during the internship program along with the solution:
a. Lack of Vocabularies related to Certain Fields Although the writer is an English Diploma Program student and had taken translation class in the previous semester, the writer was still lack of vocabularies related to certain fields such as economic and field of law. This was because the writer only faced general texts in translation class, and mostly spoke and wrote colloquial language in every class in the previous semesters. Lack of vocabularies sometimes caused grammar problem. For example when translating a certificate of appreciation, the writer translated DISBUDPARPORA Kabupaten Klaten into Ministry of Tourism Cultural Affairs,Youth and Sport of Klaten Regency, but then the writer s supervisor revised it into The Office of Tourism, Cultural Affairs, Youth, and Sport of Klaten Regency. This is because the writer never translated name of an institution before. The strategy done by the writer to solve this problem is by checking the new vocabularies in online or offline dictionary and in parallel text. That s why, when doing the internship program the writer s laptop is always connected to the internet in order to make it easier for the writer in accessing online dictionary and in finding parallel text. b. Election of Equal Word When the writer faced new vocabularies in English that needed to be translated into Bahasa, or otherwise, the writer would search it in dictionary. But sometimes the writer was confused in selecting words that should be used. This was because one word can be translated into several words. Although this seems trivial, but if the writer chose the wrong word, then it would make the text not acceptable, accurate or readable. For example in the document entitled Journal Document, there s a sentence Teori Struktur Modal yang dikemukakan oleh Modigliani dan Miller menjelaskan bahwa that was translated into Capital Structure Theory stated by Modigliani and Miller explains that. The writer was firstly confused whether the word dikemukakan should be translated into claimed, stated, declared or just said. But then the writer chose the word stated because most of parallel text used the word stated to refer to a quotation of a theory. The strategy done by the writer to solve this problem is by checking it in the parallel
text. If the writer finds the equal word in the parallel text but still feels confused, then the writer would directly ask the supervisor. c. Text Comprehension Comprehending text became the first thing done by the writer before translating any text. But sometimes the writer felt confused in comprehending text due to complexity level of a text. In a speech manuscript entitled The Role of Family in Environment, there s a sentence Hingga kepada usaha dari beberapa keluarga untuk membentuk keluarga pemerhati lingkungan hidup untuk mendengar jeritan minta tolong oleh bumi ini karena keserakahan pelaku-pelaku hidup that was literally translated by the writer into Till the effort of some families to found environmentalist family to care about this earth s cry needing help due to human s greed., but then the writer s supervisor revised it into Families must also strive to become environmentalists to care this earth, which cries and appeals for help due to human greed.. From the comparison between these three sentences, it can be seen that the writer didn t understand the meaning of the sentence so that the writer literally translated jeritan minta tolong oleh bumi into this earth s cry needing help that made the idiom sound strange. The one and only strategy that can be done by the writer to solve this problem is by reading the text again and again in order to get the meaning of the text..