Operating Manual M3000 Series On-Street Master Peek Traffic, Inc. 2906 Corporate Way Palmetto, FL 34221
M3000 Series On-Street Master Operating Manual
Document: M3000 Series On-Street Master Operating Manual p/n 5928 Revision 4 Copyright 2010 Peek Traffic, Inc. All rights reserved. Information furnished by Peek is believed to be accurate and reliable, however Peek does not warranty the accuracy, completeness, or fitness for use of any of the information furnished. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any intellectual property. Peek reserves the right to alter any of the Company's products or published technical data relating thereto at any time without notice. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or via any electronic or mechanical means for any purpose other than the purchaser s personal use without the expressed, written permission of Peek Corporation. Peek Traffic, Inc. 2906 Corporate Way Palmetto, FL 34221 U.S.A. Trademarks The M3000, 3000, 3000E, 3000 Series, SafeWays, and CL-MATS are trademarks or registered trademarks of Peek Corporation in the USA and other countries. Microsoft and Windows are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brands and their products are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and should be noted as such.
Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS i GENERAL INFORMATION 1 FEATURES 1 COS PATTERN SELECTION 3 PROGRAMMING INSTRUCTIONS 13 INTRODUCTION 13 DISPLAY 13 KEYBOARD DESCRIPTION 13 MASTER CONTROL 15 GENERAL CONTROL INFORMATION 15 CENTRAL TELEPHONE NUMBERS 16 MASTER LINKING PARAMETERS 17 MASTER TO LOCAL CONTROL 19 INTERSECTION PARAMETERS 19 TIME OF DAY FUNCTIONS 21 CYCLE/OFFSET/SPLIT SOURCE (MIXED MODE) 21 EVENT PROGRAMMING 21 WEEK PLANS 23 YEAR PLAN 23 EXCEPTION DAYS 23 DAYLIGHT SAVINGS 24 CYCLE REFERENCE/ TIME RESET 24 SETTING DATE AND TIME 24 SENSOR CONFIGURATION 27 SENSOR ASSIGNMENTS 27 START/STOP ABSENCE MONITORING 27 ERROR DATA 28 WEIGHTING AND LOOP CALIBRATION FACTORS 28 LOGGING SENSORS 29 COMPUTATIONAL CHANNEL CONFIGURATION 31 COMPUTATIONAL CHANNEL PARAMETERS 31 CYCLE, SPLIT AND OFFSET CHANNELS 31 SPECIAL AND OCCUPANCY CHANNELS 33 QUEUE CHANNELS 34 MASTER LINK CHANNELS 35 ZONAL LINK CHANNELS 35 M3000 Series On-Street Master Features i
PATTERN FUNCTIONS 37 TRANSFER THRESHOLDS 37 CYCLE LENGTHS 41 VALID PATTERN MATRIX 41 MASTER LINK PATTERNS 43 UTILITIES 45 DEFAULT DATA LOAD 45 CLEAR LOGS 45 EEPROM - RAM COPY 45 RESTART MASTER 46 PRINTER FUNCTIONS 46 REQUEST DOWNLOAD 47 TEST VOLUME & OCCUPANCY 47 SPECIAL OPERATIONS 49 SECURITY CODES 49 EE USED/ AUDIO ADJ 49 COMMUNICATIONS SETUP 50 MANUAL OVERRIDE 53 DYNAMIC DISPLAYS 55 SYSTEM OPERATION MENU 55 ZONE OPERATION 55 INTERSECTION DATA 55 SENSOR STATUS 56 COMPUTATIONAL CHANNEL DATA 57 CYCLE CHANNELS (1-2) 57 OFFSET & SPLIT CHANNELS (1-2) 57 OCCUPANCY CHANNELS (1-4) 58 SPECIAL CHANNELS (1-4) 58 MASTER LINK CHANNELS (1-2) 59 ZONAL LINK CHANNELS (1-2) 59 PROGRAM LEVEL & REVISION INFORMATION 61 VOLTAGE INFORMATION 61 TIME OF DAY 63 CHECKSUM DATA 65 INPUT/OUTPUT DATA 67 LOG INFORMATION 69 PATTERN CHANGES 69 EVENTS 69 SENSOR FAILURES 70 KEYBOARD LOG 70 VOLUME & OCCUPANCY COUNTS 70 APPENDIX A 73 TOD CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS 73 ii Table of Contents
APPENDIX B 75 CONNECTOR PIN LISTS 75 MS-A CONNECTOR 75 MS-D MODULE 76 RS-232 DIRECT-CONNECT ASSEMBLY 77 RS-232 MODEM CONNECTOR 77 INDEX 79 M3000 Series On-Street Master Features iii
iv Table of Contents
General Information Features The Series M3000 On-Street Master is a state-of-the-art master controller that is designed to handle the needs of the traffic industry in the 21 st century. Ease of programming is a major priority in the M3000, which includes a large 8 row by 40 column LCD and a 24 key keypad with tactile and audible feedback. Help screens are included to guide the user through data entry. Also a SHIFT key is provided to modify the operation of the other keys. Every M3000 controller includes a 99 year battery-backed real-time clock to provide complete time keeping functions, including daylight savings time adjustment and leap year corrections. Database portability is provided by the optional EEPROM module that contains 32Kbytes of EEPROM. If so programmed, data in the EEPROM is automatically updated when the main database is changed. Also, CRC checksum calculations are performed on both the EEPROM and main memory to insure that no corrupt data is used. If a checksum failure occurs, all assigned intersections are instructed to run their individual Time-of-Day patterns. The power supply in the M3000 is a state-of-the-art line powered switch mode type, which provides very cool and efficient operation with over one second of storage capacity. The incoming line voltage is rectified and directly down converted to all the necessary voltages, none more than 30 VDC. In this application, the switch mode supply usually operates at least 15 C. cooler than an equivalent linear supply, thus contributing to longer life for all surrounding components. The power supply includes an A/D converter that the M3000 uses to monitor supply voltages, currents and the temperature inside the unit. An RS-232C serial port is included standard with each master for connecting to a printer, personal computer or modem. The baud rate is programmable from 1200 to 19200 baud. The optional System Interface permits FSK TDM 1200 baud communications, typical of UTCS and closed loop applications, and provides compatibility with NEMA TS-2 Port 3. The transceiver is compatible with the BELL-202 modem standard. Also available instead of the FSK Transceiver is a Fiber Optic Transceiver capable of baud rates of 19200 bits per second. This transceiver module can accommodate a variety of emitters and sensors including 1300nm and 850nm multi-mode, and 1300nm single-mode. Other wavelengths may be available on special request. The heart of the system is a Motorola 32 bit 68302 Integrated Multiprotocol Processor running at 16.667MHz. The processor addresses 512Kbytes of ROM and 256Kbytes of battery-backed RAM with no wait states. NEMA control inputs in the M3000 do not use capacitors, RC networks or any other analog filtering. All NEMA control inputs use digital sampling and filtering techniques to reject frequencies outside the required specification. The M3000 is designed to effectively act as 4 masters in one. Up to 64 intersections can be divided among 4 zones. Each zone consists of a maximum of 30 intersections and can run its own independently selected C-O-S pattern. The M3000 applies a very flexible approach to C-O-S pattern selection. The master processes up to 16 sensors from each intersection controller. These sensors are assigned by the user to a variety of computational channels. A total of 22 computational channels can be M3000 Series On-Street Master Features 1
configured to process up to 128 sensors. The M3000 calculates output percentages of volume, occupancy, density, speed or concentration for these channels and compares the outputs with operator-defined thresholds to determine the appropriate C-O-S Traffic Responsive Pattern. The accumulated volume and presence counts from the sensors are processed on a minute by minute or cycle by cycle basis as selected by the operator. The operator can program a pattern change timer to suppress traffic responsive pattern changes due to a brief shift in traffic flow. Smoothing factors are also available to control how quickly the M3000 should respond to drastic traffic changes. Sensor tests for absence, locked, erratic and minimum and maximum volume failures prevent erroneous data from selecting a traffic responsive pattern. Bad sensors are automatically removed from the calculation process and the Local TOD pattern will be used if the minimum number of good sensors for that computational channel is not met. If a previously failed sensor begins to function correctly, the master will log it as recovered and incorporate its data into the traffic responsive calculations. The M3000 also provides manual and central overrides, cabinet inputs and time clock circuits for each zone. These determine C-O-S patterns which can override traffic responsive selections. The M3000 provides two separate LINKING modes: zone to zone and master to master. Zonal linking occurs when one zone uses the C-O-S pattern selected by another zone. This allows zones with intersecting or contiguous traffic flows to run the same pattern. A master link allows one master to direct another master to use a specific C-O-S pattern. The Time-of-Day scheduler allows the selection of operating patterns and special conditions on a calendar basis. Patterns and conditions are known as events, and may be selected by time of day, day of week, day of month and day of year. The master keeps track of the week of year so that cyclic functions most typical of traffic control may use repeating weeks. The M3000 may be programmed to respond to up to 300 different events and run a pattern from a selection of 15 week plans or from one of the 50 exception days. In addition, the time clock may be reset to a specified time by an external input. Each event time may select a timing pattern (cycle, offset and split) and control conditions through the use of time clock circuits. The M3000 Master includes a number of dynamic displays. These allow the operator to view zonal pattern selection, intersection data and sensor status on a real-time basis. All computational channel output calculations and their parameters are also displayed so the operator can analyze the traffic behavior as it relates to the channel assignments. The M3000 provides one supervisor level of security. Supervisor access allows the user to change any programmable data. If a security code has been previously programmed, then an operator will have only READ ONLY privileges until the correct code is entered. A security code of 0 will disable the security function. Only an operator(s) with supervisor access can disable this function. If there is no keyboard activity for 5 minutes, then the user must reenter the security code to gain access to the data programming screen if the security is enabled. 2 General Information
COS Pattern Selection The M3000 Master is designed to select the optimum cycle, offset and split pattern for each of its assigned intersection controllers. In most cases, the master uses traffic responsive data, collected via sensors, to determine this pattern. However, special circumstances, such as manual input, time clock circuits or Master to Master Cross Linking can supersede traffic responsive selections. It is important for the operator to understand how each of these patterns is selected before attempting to program the M3000 Master. The following describes the various modes and how they are used to select a viable C-O-S pattern. General Operation The M3000 is capable of controlling up to 4 independent zones. Each zone consists of a maximum of 30 intersection controllers and is capable of running its own unique pattern. The master retrieves volume and presence information from up to 16 sensors from each local controller up to a maximum of 48 sensors per zone. The M3000 processes this data through various computational channels to determine the desired C- O-S pattern. Each computational channel consists of a set of up to 12 sensor inputs. The M3000 has a total of 22 computational channels per zone: 2 Cycle, 2 Offset, 2 Split 4 Special 4 Occupancy 4 Queue 2 Zonal Link 2 Master Link Each of these channels (with the exception of Queue) can process a maximum of 12 sensors. The data accumulated from these sensors is used for volume, occupancy, concentration, density and speed calculations. The Queue channels are assigned only 1 sensor each and are monitored to detect 100% occupancy for a specified period of time. Traffic Responsive calculations from the computational channels have the lowest priority when selecting a C-O-S pattern. Manual, Cabinet, Central and Time-of-Day patterns supersede Traffic Responsive selections. Master and Zonal linking also have a greater priority than that of Traffic Responsive calculations. Pattern changes due to traffic responsive calculations may be limited by a operator selected pattern change timer. This timer sets a minimum amount of time (0-30 minutes or cycles) that a traffic responsive pattern must be in use before another one is chosen. Manual, Cabinet, Central, Master Linking and Time-of-Day patterns are not affected by this timer. Pattern Selection Priorities The final pattern selection of the M3000 may come from a variety of sources. Since different sources may ultimately choose more than one viable C-O-S pattern, the M3000 assigns those selections priorities: Highest: Master Failure: Local TOD Keyboard entry: Manual Pattern Cabinet switch: Cabinet Pattern Override Command from Central: Central Pattern M3000 Series On-Street Master COS Pattern Selection 3
Active TOD circuits: Master TOD via DAYPLAN, Local TOD via DAYPLAN Master to Master Link: Master Link Pattern M3000 Power-up Timer : Local TOD Zone to Zone Link: Zonal Link Pattern Lowest: Computational channels: Traffic Responsive Pattern (Cyc, Off, Spl, Occ, Spec & Queue) In addition, the M3000 assigns priorities to the various computational channels when making a Traffic Responsive pattern selection. Highest: Queue channels : Queue Pattern: 1 of 4 selections Occupancy channels: Occupancy Pattern: 1 of 4 selections Special channels: Special Pattern: 1 of 4 selections Lowest Cyc/Off/Spl channels: Individual Cyc, Off, and Spl selections: C-O-S pattern Percentage Calculations All pattern selections based on computational channel outputs rely on percentage calculations performed by the M3000. Every minute (or cycle) the master software calculates the following parameters for all assigned sensors: %volume %occupancy %volume+%occupancy %concentration %density %speed This data is then used as input to the computational channels which ultimately select a traffic responsive C-O-S pattern. The operator must supply maximum volume, density and speed values for use in percentage calculations. Percentage Equations: All calculations are based on either volume and/or presence data accumulated for each sensor. The 100% values for volume, speed and density are operator defined. (Please note that in the calculations below, 4800 is the maximum presence count for 1 minute and the sensor cal factor is the average vehicle length as entered by the operator.) %volume (per minute)= (vol count * (60 min/hour) * 100)/(100% Vol/hour) %volume (per cycle) = (vol count * (60 min/hour) * 100)/((100% Vol/hour) * (cyc length/60)) %occupancy(per minute)=(pres count * 100)/4800 %occupancy(per cycle)= (pres count * 100)/(4800 * (cyc length/60)) %concentration = the greater of %volume and %occupancy speed = (cal factor * (sensor cal factor))/(pres count/vol count) - NOTE: cal_factor is a constant which converts units to miles or km per hour: 544 for mph, 876 for kph. %speed= (speed * 100)/(100% speed in mph or kph) 4 General Information
density (per minute) = (vol count * (60 min/hour))/speed density (per cycle) = ((vol count * 60)/(cyc length/60))/speed = ((vol count * 60 * 60)/(cyc length))/speed %density = (density * 100)/ (100% Density/hour) Traffic Responsive Pattern Selection The M3000 uses the volume and presence data accumulated by its assigned intersection controllers to determine a Traffic Responsive C-O-S Pattern. This data is input via Computational Channels and then analyzed in the form of volume, occupancy, concentration, density or speed percentages. The volume and presence totals are accumulated on a minute-by-minute or a cycle-by-cycle basis as selected by the operator. Cycle, Offset & Split Channels: The M3000 Master uses 2 Cycle, 2 Offset and 2 Split computational channels to determine a possible Traffic Responsive C-O-S pattern. Each channel has a maximum of 12 user-assignable sensors and may be configured as shown below: Sensor Inputs (12 max) Computational Channel %Volume, %Occupancy, %Vol. + %Occ., %Concentration, Speed or %Density calculations for each sensor User selectable weighting factors are applied to occupancy and speed calculations only. Any sensor found to be bad (i.e. Min or Max volume, erratic, absence, locked failure is removed from the calculations. If the number of good sensors is less than the minimum allowed for a valid calculation, then the Master TOD C-O-S pattern is used. (This is true for all computational channels except Queue.) The M3000 selects the average, highest, second highest or total of the sensor calculations for each channel and then applies exponential smoothing to the results. The second highest algorithm truely selects the second highest value in that if all the sensor calculations (vol, occ, density, etc.) exponential smoothing 30 element rotating buffer Avg, Highest, Second Highest or Total Selector calculations are equal, then the result will be zero. In other words, if the highest number occurs multiple times, the second highest must be a value less that that. For example, given 30, 30, 30, 20 and 5, the result would be 20, NOT 30. The smoothed data is stored in six 30-element buffers (one for each of the channels, CYC1 & 2, OFF1 & 2, SPL1 & 2). These buffers hold the calculated data for the last 30 minutes (or cycles). The smoothing factor is user selectable and ranges from.1 to 1. This allows the operator to control how quickly the master should respond to sudden changes. The formula for smoothed data is as follows: M3000 Series On-Street Master COS Pattern Selection 5
smoothed data = (previous data * (1 - smoothing factor)) + (new data * smoothing factor) For example a smoothing factor of.1 would cause a sudden shift from 30% to 80% to be recorded as 35% while a factor of.8 would result in a value of 70% as shown below. smoothing factor of.1 = 30%(.9) + 80%(.1) = 35% smoothing factor of.8 = 30%(.2) + 80%(.8) = 70% The operator may also enter a forecast predictor value which would inhibit smoothing if the newly calculated data was greater. (NOTE: if the user elects not to use this option and the forecast predictor remains at 0, then smoothing will always be applied.) Both the forecast predictor and the smoothing factor have primary and alternate selections based on the time-of-day circuit and external inputs per zone. A smoothing factor of 1 is always used during the first 6 minutes of power-up. After the smoothed data has been recorded in its appropriate buffer, the master selects the average, highest or total of the last n entries (where n is the sampling period as selected by the operator.) If the operator has selected a second highest calculation then, at this point, the master selects the highest of the last n entries. Please note that if a computational channel fails due to an unacceptable number of sensor failures, then invalid data is generated. This data is NOT used in any of the traffic responsive pattern calculations. While the number of good sensors for any given channel is less than the minimum number allowed, the M3000 selects the Master TOD pattern. However, if enough sensors recover to allow traffic responsive calculations, the traffic responsive C- O-S pattern is selected. The selected pattern is based on valid data only. It is important for the operator to realize that if the sample period is, for example, set to 5 (min/cyc) and the computational channel fails for more than 5 minutes/cycles then the traffic responsive pattern will be based only on the single calculation at the time of recovery. The last four calculations will not be used since they occured during a channel failure. The next minute/cycle will use 2 data calculations, and then 3 and so on until, after 5 minutes/cycles, the full sample of period of 5 will essentially be in effect. 30 element rotating buffer n last n calculations as determined by the sample period Avg, Highest, or Total Selector Avg, Highest or Total of the last n calculations for this channel (i.e. CYC1,CYC2, OFF1, OFF2, SPL1, SPL2) The operator may choose different sampling periods for each of the three types of channels. Sampling periods have primary and alternate selections and are also chosen according to time-of-day circuits and external inputs per zone. At this point each of the 6 channels has some type of percentage calculation associated with it: CYC1, CYC2, OFF1, OFF2, SPL1, SPL2 as shown in the figure above. This data has a range of 0 to 255%. It is important that Offset Channels 1 and 2 be configured as OUTBOUND and INBOUND traffic respectively, since the difference in their values determines the traffic responsive offset number. Split channel configuration requires that channel 1 represent the side street and channel 2 the main street. The final cycle, offset and split data is determined as follows: 6 General Information
CYCLE: The algorithm selects the average, highest or total of the CYC1 and CYC2 data. This data has a range of 0-255% and is now what the program considers the final cycle channel value. OFFSET: The algorithm calculates (OFF1-OFF2) and determines a signed percentage whose range is -255 to +255. OFF1 represents OUTBOUND traffic and OFF2 the INBOUND. Offset number 1 will be selected for heavy inbound traffic; Offset number 2 will be selected for average inbound traffic. Offset 3 represents average traffic flow and numbers 4 and 5 are selected for average and heavy outbound traffic, respectively. (The program will select offset# 1, 2 or 3 if the result is negative or offset# 3, 4 or 5 if it is positive.) SPLIT: The calculation is similar to that of the Offset channel. If (SPL2 - SPL1) is less than 0 then the sidestreet has more traffic and Split number 1 will be selected. Split number 2 represents average traffic flow, splits 3 and 4 indicate average and heavy main street traffic, respectively. Each cycle, offset and split number is selected individually by comparing the above results to operator selected thresholds. These thresholds are structured as follows: CYCLE: Maximum Thresholds typical value CYCLE: Minimum Thresholds typical value FREE -> Cycle #1 20% Cycle #1 -> FREE 15% Cycle #1 -> Cycle #2 40% Cycle #2 -> Cycle #1 35% Cycle #2 -> Cycle #3 60% Cycle #3 -> Cycle #2 50% Cycle #3 -> Cycle #4 80% Cycle #4 -> Cycle #3 75% Cycle #4 -> Cycle #5 100% Cycle #5 -> Cycle #4 95% Cycle #5 -> Cycle #6 110% Cycle #6 -> Cycle #5 105% OFFSET: Maximum Thresholds typical value OFFSET: Minimum Thresholds typical value Offset #3 -> Offset #2 (-)20% Offset #2 -> Offset #3 (-)15% Offset #2 -> Offset #1 (-)40% Offset #1 -> Offset #2 (-)35% Offset #3 -> Offset #4 (+)30% Offset #4 -> Offset #3 (+)20% Offset #4 -> Offset #5 (+)50% Offset #5 -> Offset #4 (+)45% SPLIT: Maximum thresholds typical value SPLIT: Minimum thresholds typical value Split #2 -> Split #1 (-)20% Split #1 -> Split #2 (-)15% Split #2 -> Split #3 (+)40% Split #3 -> Split #2 (+)35% Split #3 -> Split #4 (+)60% Split #4 -> Split #3 (+)55% The above tables include typical threshold values. Please note that the minimum thresholds are at least 5% lower than their corresponding maximum thresholds. This M3000 Series On-Street Master COS Pattern Selection 7
assignment provides a buffer zone to prevent flip-flopping between 2 selections. For example, the cycle number will change from 2 to 3 if the final output calculation for the CYCLE channel is greater than or equal to 60%. However, the M3000 will NOT change back to cycle number 2 unless the output drops below 50%. This way the CYCLE percentage can flucuate slightly without causing frequent changes to the C-O-S pattern. The diagram below dipicts the basic functional flow of the selection of a CYCLE# via the two Cycle computational channels. The diagrams for Offset and Split would be identical except for the last Average,Highest and Total selector which would, instead, calculate the difference between the two channels outputs. (i.e. OFFSET1 - OFFSET2, SPLIT2 - SPLIT1) CYCLE Channel #1 30 element rotating buffer Avg, 12 Highest, 2nd High, sensors Total n Avg, Highest, 2nd High, Total NOTE: OFFSET Chan: OFF1-OFF2; SPLIT Chan: SPL2- SPL1) Percentage calculations for each sensor last n calculations as determined by the sample period Avg, Highest, or Total of last n calculations Avg, Highest, Total CYCLE Channel #2 12 sensors Avg, Highest, 2nd High, Total n Avg, Highest, 2nd High, Total Compare C-O-S Pattern Percentage calculations for each sensor User defined Threshold for CYCLE channels The traffic response pattern defaults to a 1-3-2 on power-up. As data is accumulated the pattern will change to meet the requirements set up in the thresholds. It is important to note that although the M3000 sets the traffic responsive pattern to 1-3-2 on power-up, the master will NOT select traffic responsive until after the power-up timer has expired. Until then the master instructs its intersection controllers to run their local TOD patterns. Special & Occupancy Computational Channels: The M3000 Master also has 4 Special and 4 Occupancy computational channels. Each has a maximum of 12 sensor inputs. The Special channels can be configured for %volume, %occupancy, %volume+%occupancy, %concentration, %density or %speed while the Occupancy channels are always configured as %occupancy. The percentages are calculated in the same manner as those for the Cycle, Offset and Split channels. After the Master selects the average, highest, second highest or total of the sensor inputs and then chooses the average, highest or total of the last n minutes or cycles, the results for each of the channels are compared to user selected thresholds. (The smoothing factor and forecast predictor apply just as in the Cycle, Offset and Split channels.) A functional diagram for SPECIAL Channel 1 is shown below. The data flow is identical for SPECIAL Channels 2 through 4 and all four OCCUPANCY Channels. 8 General Information
SPECIAL Channel #1 30 element rotating buffer 12 sensors Avg, Highest, 2nd High, Total n Avg, Highest, Total Compare C-O-S Pattern Percentage calculations for each sensor last n calculations as determined by the sample period Avg, Highest, or Total of last n calculations User-defined Threshold for Special Channel #1 Each channel has its own transfer to and transfer from threshold. Since each set of thresholds is unique, it is possible for more than one special (or occupancy) pattern to be selected. Therefore, Channel 1 always has the HIGHEST priority and Channel 4 has the LOWEST. When a channel exceeds its transfer to threshold, the Master selects the C- O-S pattern entered by the user for that channel. Conversely, when the percentage data for any channel drops below the transfer from limit then the Special (or Occupancy) Pattern is de-selected and the C-O-S pattern selected via the Cycle, Offset and Split channels is restored. The Occupancy channels have priority over the Special channels so if a special channel and an occupancy channel meet their pattern selection thresholds, the occupancy pattern will be selected. Queue Computational Channels: A Traffic Responsive pattern can also be selected via one of four Queue channels. The Queue channels are assigned only one sensor each and are monitored to detect 100% occupancy for a specified period of time. Each channel has its own transfer to and transfer from thresholds. Unlike the other channels whose limits are in percent, the queue thresholds are entered in minutes. For example, if the transfer to threshold for a given channel is 20, then the Queue pattern for that channel will be implemented if its %occupancy remains greater than or equal to 100 for at least 20 minutes. A Queue channel will be un-selected if its %occupancy drops below 100 for the transfer from limit. The operator may only enter a threshold up to 30 minutes. Just as with the Special and Occupancy channels, Queue channel 1 has the HIGHEST priority and channel 4 has the LOWEST. Pattern Matrix: After a Traffic Responsive pattern has been calculated, that pattern is passed through a cross reference table (matrix) where that same pattern or a substitute pattern may be stored. This table provides a means of substituting a pattern with any other pattern and allows any pattern to be voided by its omission from the table. Any table position containing zero for each function (cycle-offset-split) when indexed causes no change to the present pattern. It is also possible to enter a 0 for one or two of the C-O-S possibliites such that the zeroed entry will remain as previously selected. For example, if the current Traffic Responsive Pattern is 4-2-4 but its corresponding entry in the pattern matrix is 301, then the resulting pattern will be 3-2-1. Zonal Linking Zonal Linking occurs when one or more zones of a particular master uses the C- O-S pattern calculated by another zone of that same master. Each of the four zones have two computational channels to determine when and where linking should occur. Each channel has a maximum of 12 sensors and may be configured for %volume, %occupancy, %volume+%occupancy, %concentration, %density or %speed. Like the majority of the other computational channels, the Zonal Link channels are processed by selecting the average, highest, second highest or total of their sensor inputs and then choosing the M3000 Series On-Street Master COS Pattern Selection 9
average, highest or total of the last n minutes or cycles. Smoothing factors, forecast predictors and sampling period selections apply as described for the cycle, offset and split computational channels. However, the operator must set the zonal link enable in the current day plan for zonal linking to occur. (See Time-of-Day Functions: Event Programming.) The zonal thresholds divide into 4 distinct groups, one for each zone: Zone 1: Zone 2: Zone 3: Zone 4: Zone 1 pattern to Zone 2 unlink Zone 1 pattern from Zone 2 Zone 1 pattern to Zone 3 unlink Zone 1 pattern from Zone 3 Zone 1 pattern to Zone 4 unlink Zone 1 pattern from Zone 4 Zone 2 pattern to Zone 1 unlink Zone 2 pattern from Zone 1 Zone 2 pattern to Zone 3 unlink Zone 2 pattern from Zone 3 Zone 2 pattern to Zone 4 unlink Zone 2 pattern from Zone 4 Zone 3 pattern to Zone 1 unlink Zone 3 pattern from Zone 1 Zone 3 pattern to Zone 2 unlink Zone 3 pattern from Zone 2 Zone 3 pattern to Zone 4 unlink Zone 3 pattern from Zone 4 Zone 4 pattern to Zone 1 unlink Zone 4 pattern from Zone 1 Zone 4 pattern to Zone 2 unlink Zone 4 pattern from Zone 2 Zone 4 pattern to Zone 3 unlink Zone 4 pattern from Zone 3 It is possible for more than one zone to share the same zonal link. For example, zones 2 and 3 could both be using the C-O-S pattern calculated by zone 1. However, a zone may only accept a zonal link if its current pattern selection is from Traffic Responsive calculations. Patterns selected via manual input, cabinet switches, TOD circuits etc. can not be superseded by a zonal link. Master Cross Linking Master Linking occurs when one master directs another master to use a specified pattern for one or more of its zones. This setup requires one M3000 to act as a primary master while the receiving unit responds as a secondary. The primary and secondary masters each have specific tasks and requirements to fulfill in order for a successful cross link to occur. Primary Master: The primary master must determine when a cross link should occur. The primary master uses two Master Link computational channels (per zone) for cross-linking selection. Each channel has a maximum of 12 inputs and may be configured for %volume, %occupancy, %volume+%occupancy, %concentration, %density or %speed. Like the majority of the other computational channels, the Master Link channels are processed by selecting the average, highest, second highest or total of their sensor inputs and then choosing the average, highest or total of the last n minutes or cycles. (Smoothing factors and forecast predictors apply just as in the Cycle, Offset and Split channels.) 10 General Information
The final channel outputs are then compared to operator defined thresholds for each of the four possible secondary masters. Each zone has its own set of threshold values which range from 0 to 255%. Master Link to Secondary #1 Unlink from Secondary #1 Master Link to Secondary #2 Unlink from Secondary #2 Master Link to Secondary #3 Unlink from Secondary #3 Master Link to Secondary #4 Unlink from Secondary #4 Lookup tables contain corresponding telephone numbers, link pattern numbers and zone assignments for each of the four secondary masters. A link pattern number corresponds to one of four possible C-O-S patterns stored in the secondary master. The link patterns are defined by the operator and are the only possible pattern selections for master linking activity. The zone assignments tell the secondary which zone (or zones) should run the designated link pattern. An M3000 will send a link command when the following conditions are true: 1. its traffic responsive computational thresholds indicate a cross link, and, 2. it is NOT currently responding to a link from another master with higher priority. (This priority is based on the requested link number: Link number 1 has the greatest and number 4 the lowest.) 3. Master Linking is enabled via the current day plan. (See Time-of-Day Functions: Event Programming) The command must include zone, link pattern number, time and master ID information. Secondary Master: A secondary master has two principle responsibilities. First, it must decide whether or not to accept a cross link command from a primary master. Then it must determine if and when it should terminate the cross link. The M3000 will accept the command if 1. it is not already a primary master that has greater priority than that of the requesting master, and, 2. it is not already a secondary master with greater priority than that of the requesting master. 3. it is currently running a traffic responsive or zonal link pattern. (NOTE: a master link will NOT occur if the specified zone is running a selection with a greater priority such as a manual, cabinet, central or TOD pattern) Priorities are established by the link pattern requested by the primary. Link pattern 1 always has the highest priority while link pattern 4 always has the lowest regardless of the zone(s) affected. A secondary master will terminate a cross link if any one of the following occurs: 1. an UNLINK command is received, or, 2. the sustain link timer has timed out, or, 3. a LINK command is received with a higher priority, or, M3000 Series On-Street Master COS Pattern Selection 11
4. the secondary s master link thresholds indicate that it should command a higher priority link to another master. The sustain link time is user-selectable from 0 to 255 minutes and establishes the maximum amount of time that a master may be under the control of another master. (NOTE: The secondary uses the value entered into its own database. This parameter is not transmitted in the link command.) Time of Day Patterns The operator may program the M3000 to run a particular C-O-S pattern based on its Time-of-Day. The M3000 includes a time of day scheduler with a 300 event capacity, 32 day programs, 15 week programs, 50 exception days and daylight savings time capability. When the master is in Master TOD mode and a TOD circuit is activated, the master immediately selects the pattern indicated by the time of day scheduler. Time-of- Day programming selects the zone, C-O-S pattern, alternate sampling period and smoothing factors, and free and remote flash operation. Master and Zonal linking are also enabled via the TOD programming. Time of day patterns have precedence over traffic responsive and linking pattern selections. Manual, Cabinet and Central Patterns Manual, cabinet and central patterns always override Traffic Responsive and Linking selections. A manual pattern is activated through the front panel keyboard. Cabinet patterns are selected by setting switches located inside the cabinet assembly. At present, separate cabinet switches are NOT available for all four zones. When the operator selects a cabinet pattern (Free, Flash, TOD or C-O-S), that pattern will affect all four zones. A central pattern is generated by a command from Central Communications instructing a particular zone (or zones) to run a specific C-O-S combination. Central may also instruct the M3000 to run TOD, Flash or Free. Of the three types of selections, the manual pattern always has the highest priority, followed by cabinet and central, respectively. Master Failure/Power-up Pattern Selection Power-up mode and Master Failure detection both cause the M3000 to instruct the intersection controllers to run their local TOD patterns. When the M3000 is first powered-up, the intersection controllers will run their local TOD patterns until the powerup timer reaches 0. The power-up timer is user programmable from 1 to 30 minutes. The Master will continue to calculate Traffic Responsive patterns but they will not be implemented until after the timer has reached 0. However, Manual, Cabinet, Central and Time-of-Day patterns will be selected regardless of the power-up timer. Power-up mode only has precedence over Traffic Responsive patterns. Master Failure mode occurs when the M3000 detects a CHECKSUM failure and, therefore, must assume that the master is no longer capable of selecting a viable C-O-S pattern. Master Failure detection has the highest pattern selection priority in the M3000 Master. 12 General Information
Programming Instructions Introduction The M3000 master user interface is organized in a hierarchy of menus, data entry screens and dynamic displays. A data entry screen is used to enter or edit data that will affect the way that the master operates. A dynamic display is an informational screen that presents real-time data to the user to indicate the way in which the machine is operating. Menus are the means of traversing through the hierarchy. Each menu presents a set of options to the user. Selecting one of the options will take the user to the next level. The user continues to navigate through the menus until arriving at the destination screen. The top level menu is called the MAIN MENU and contains 4 options: 1) go to the dynamic screens, 2) view the controller database, 3) edit the controller database, or 4) access the main help screen. Display The display is an 8 row by 40 column super-twist LCD with graphics capability. The LCD includes an electro-luminescent backlight for night or low light viewing. The backlight is automatically activated by any keypress and if no keys are pressed for 5 minutes, it automatically turns off. Keyboard Description Manual data entry is accomplished with a 24 key silicone rubber tactile feedback keypad. Audible feedback is also provided with an adjustable volume. Erroneous entries are signaled with a special tone regardless of the audible feedback volume. A list of the keys and their associated functions is given below. 1-9 The number keys are used to enter numerical data such as timing values and modes of operation. They are also used to navigate through the menu structure of the M3000 master. Each item in a menu is numbered, so to activate a menu selection, the user simply presses the number key corresponding to that selection. 0 (Y/N) The 0 key is also used for numerical data, but has the additional feature of toggling yes/no data entry fields. ENTER This key is used to load previously entered data into memory. SHIFT plus ENTER displays the main master dynamic screen regardless of which screen is currently displayed. CLEAR Used to clear previously entered data and prevent it from being stored in memory in case a mistake was made during data entry. HOME This key returns the cursor to the beginning of the line. Together with the SHIFT key it moves the cursor to the first data entry field on the current page. END The opposite of HOME, END moves the cursor to the end of a line, and when used in conjunction with the SHIFT key, it moves the cursor to the last data entry field on the screen. M3000 Series On-Street Master Introduction 13
PGUP PGDN MENU In a multi-page data entry screen, this key displays the page immediately prior to the currently displayed page, if one exists. If the current page is the first page, the master will display a message to this effect. Displays the next page in a multi-page data entry screen, if there is one. If the current page is the last page, the master will display a message to this effect. The cursor control keys move the cursor up, down, left and right, respectively. The cursor controls which field will be edited. In general, the cursor must first be moved to a field in order to change data that is stored there. Also, in most data entry screens, pressing any cursor key will load data that has been entered or changed into the master s memory. The menu key returns the user to the previous menu, i.e., the one from which the current screen was entered. As an example, if the user starts at the MAIN MENU, and presses 3, the CHANGE DATA menu will be displayed. If the user then presses the MENU key, control will return to the MAIN MENU. By pressing the SHIFT and MENU keys simultaneously, the user can return to the MAIN MENU from any menu, data entry screen or dynamic display. SHIFT This key performs no function on its own, rather it modifies the function of another key that is pressed together with it. DISP ADJ This key adjusts the contrast of the liquid crystal display to improve the readability of the display. Pressing the DISP ADJ key by itself darkens the display and pressing it along with the SHIFT key lightens it. HELP This key, when pressed, activates the master's help system to display one or more pages of help related to the screen that is currently being programmed. Some help screens are several pages long. In this case use the PGUP & PGDN to view more pages of help data. Pressing HELP again returns the user to the data screen or menu. To enter a value into memory, first move the cursor to the field containing the value to be edited and enter the new data. As you enter the data, the field will change to reverse video (white text on a black background) to indicate that a change has been made. At this point, the data is stored in a temporary buffer and has not been loaded into the database yet. Pressing the CLEAR key will restore the original value. To permanently store the data, press any cursor key or the ENTER, HOME or END key. Pressing MENU, PGUP, or PGDN will cause the master to beep rapidly indicating that an error has been made. Once the data is loaded (stored in memory), the display will return to normal (no reverse video) and the original data will be lost. To assist with repetitive data entry, the M3000 Master implements a typematic keyboard mode. To use this feature, hold a key down (for example, a cursor key) and after a short delay, the key will be reentered over and over as if it had been pressed several times. This makes it easier to move the cursor through a large number of data entry fields. All keys except the SHIFT key behave this way, but it is especially useful when using the cursor keys. Also, there is an automatic entry mode that simplifies the task of entering the same data again and again. By pressing the ENTER key and a cursor key simultaneously, the user can reenter the last value that was programmed. Then, the user would hold down the ENTER key and the key at the same time. 14 Programming Instructions
Master Control General Control Information The M3000 requires control information to enable Central communications, select sampling and pattern change periods and specify the units of the loop calibration factor used in speed calculations. The operator also has the option to report pattern change information and/or the first sensor failure. For the master to initiate communications with the central computer the user must enable the DIAL CENTRAL option on the first master control screen. Central can call the master and request log information but the master will not dial Central to transmit data unless the DIAL CENTRAL option is enabled. (If this option is disabled in a direct connection system where no actual telephone call is necessary, the master will not transmit information unless specifically requested to do so by the central computer.) If pattern changes and/or the first sensor failure need to be reported then these options must also be enabled by positioning the cursor over the corresponding N and pressing the Y/N key. The Master I.D Number is used to identify the M3000 to the central computer as well as other masters within its system. The default screen for this information is shown below. MASTER CONTROL DATA MASTER I.D. NUMBER: 0 ALLOW MASTER TO DIAL CENTRAL N REPORT FIRST SENSOR FAILURE: N REPORT PATTERN CHANGES N LOOP CALIBRATION FACTOR IN METERS: IF (Y) ELSE IN FEET (N) N REVERT TO MASTER IF CENTRAL OFF-LINE N It is important to note that when running a MATS System, REVERT TO MASTER IF CENTRAL OFF-LINE must be programmed Y since this affects the type of poll sent to the local controllers. If a closed-loop system is being used then this parameter should be programmed N. Sampling periods for computational channel calculations and pattern changes may be calculated by minute or by cycle. Each zone is configured independently as shown in the screen below. Please note that all sampling periods default to minutes. MASTER CONTROL DATA SAMPLING PERIOD IN CYCLES IF (Y) ELSE IN MINUTES COMP. CHANNEL SAMPLING PERIOD: PATTERN CHANGE PERIOD: CENTRAL OVERRIDE ENABLE: ZONES 1 2 3 4 N N N N N N N N N N N N The actual number of minutes (or cycles) between pattern changes is entered on the third screen of Master Control. The operator also selects the amount of time (in minutes) before the M3000 selects the first traffic responsive pattern after power-up. In the example screen below, zone 1 will wait 5 minutes before a traffic responsive pattern will be implemented. Manual, cabinet and time clock patterns are not affected. It is important to note that regardless of the power up time, the alternate sample period and a M3000 Series On-Street Master Master Control 15
smoothing factor of 1.0 will be used for the first 6 minutes after power-up. The CENTRAL OVERRIDE ENABLE allows the M3000 to implement a pattern selected by a Central Override command for a particular zone. In other words, a zone will only run a Central Override Pattern if its appropriate enable is set. The PATTERN CHANGE PERIOD only applies to traffic responsive patterns calculated using any one of the computational channels: CYC, OFF, SPL, SPECIAL, OCC, QUEUE and ZONAL. The master will not change traffic responsive patterns until this time has elapsed. Manual, cabinet, time clock and master link patterns are immediately implemented. For more detailed explanations on sample periods, smoothing factors and C-O-S pattern selection, refer to C-O-S Pattern Selection in the General Information section. MASTER CONTROL DATA ZONES PERIOD BETWEEN PATTERN 1 2 3 4 CHANGES : (0-30) 1 3 1 2 PERIOD TO FIRST PATTERN 5 6 1 2 AFTER POWER RESTORATION: Central Telephone Numbers Master Control Screens 4 and 5 allow the user to define a maximum of 4 central telephone numbers and corresponding calling times. Each number may be up to 25 digits and contain special characters such as # or a space. The operator enters these characters by pressing the SHIFT key with one of the number keys 0-6: SHIFT (0)= wait, (1)=,, (2)= ;, (3)= #, (4)= space, (5)= tone(t), (6)=pulse (P). Phone number 1 has the highest priority and phone number 4 the lowest. Starting with phone number 1, the M3000 will call the first phone number with a valid dialing time. If the master cannot establish communications, it will check the rest of the dialing times for an alternate phone number. The master will continue to cycle through the list until central communications has been established. MASTER TO CENTRAL PHONE NUMBERS NUMBER 1: NUMBER 2: NUMBER 3: NUMBER 4: SHIFT and KEY[0=wait 1=, 2=; 3=# 4=space 5= tone (T) 6= pulse (P)] MASTER TO CENTRAL DIALING TIME FROM HOUR TO HOUR CALL PHONE NUMBER 1: 0 0 CALL PHONE NUMBER 2: 0 0 CALL PHONE NUMBER 3: 0 0 CALL PHONE NUMBER 4: 0 0 16 Programming Instructions
Master Linking Parameters Master Linking occurs when one master directs another master to use a specified pattern for one or more of its zones. This setup requires one M3000 to act as a primary master while the receiving unit responds as a secondary. The operator must provide master to master phone numbers, valid dialing times, link pattern numbers and zonal assignments to implement this feature. When acting as a secondary, the master also needs the link sustain time which establishes the maximum amount of time that the link can be in effect. Each of the four phone numbers correspond to a particular secondary master. Each number may be up to 25 digits long. The user may enter special characters by pressing the SHIFT key with one of the number keys 0-6: SHIFT (0)= wait, (1)= ;, (2)=,, (3)= #, (4)= space, (5)= tone(t), (6)=pulse (P). MASTER TO MASTER PHONE NUMBERS NUMBER 1: NUMBER 2: NUMBER 3: NUMBER 4: SHIFT and KEY[0=wait 1=, 2=; 3=# 4=space 5= tone (T) 6= pulse (P)] Each secondary master phone number has a corresponding dialing time. The M3000 will not send a link command if the time of day does not fall within the valid dialing period for that secondary master. The dialing time screen is shown below. MASTER TO MASTER DIALING TIME FROM HOUR TO HOUR CALL PHONE NUMBER 1: 0 0 CALL PHONE NUMBER 2: 0 0 CALL PHONE NUMBER 3: 0 0 CALL PHONE NUMBER 4: 0 0 The following screen allows the operator to select the link pattern number (1-4) and the affected zone(s) for each secondary master. For example, the screen below indicates that if secondary master one is selected then its zones 2 and 4 will use link pattern 2. The zone selections and link pattern number are sent by the primary in its Master Link command. The SUSTAIN LINK time tells the secondary the maximum amount of time that a particular link pattern may be in affect. According to the example screen below, link pattern 2 will run for a maximum of 30 minutes before the M3000 automatically terminates the link. Please note that the sustain link times are referenced by the link pattern number currently running in the secondary master. For more details on master linking, refer to C-O-S Pattern Selection in the General Information section. MASTER TO MASTER LINK DATA MASTERS: 1 2 3 4 ZONES: 1234 1234 1234 1234 LINK:Y/N Y Y Y PAT: (0-4) 2 4 3 1 SUSTAIN LINK: 30 15 0 60 (0-255 MINUTES) M3000 Series On-Street Master Master Control 17