UNIT 3 What s in a song? What do people use music for? From ancient times, people have used music for lots of different things. Music can express emotions, imitate nature, communicate, and be fun! You hear music in church. Workers sing songs for harvest. Soldiers in ancient times went into battle to the sound of trumpets. The trumpet was also used to announce ancient religious ceremonies. People play music when they are sad or happy, at funerals and parties. Where are some places you can hear music? Musical forms Music does lots of things. There are different styles of music, using different instruments, and different structures. These are what we call musical forms. Pop music Pop (modern popular) music is what we listen to every day. Pop music could be anything from jazz, to rock & roll, country, folk, rap, punk, flamenquito.... Now let s listen to Stand By Me, by Ben E. King. This style of pop music is called R&B, or Rhythm & blues. Rondo Now let s listen to Rondo for string orchestra, by Henry Purcell. This composition, written for a play called Abdelazer, is a rondo, a musical form structured like this: ABACA. Henry Purcell is a well-known English composer of the 17 th century. Rondo This is rondo, a type of musical form This is part_ A And then_ comes the B And it returns to A
Now we re in the A It s changing now to C And we return to A Here we_ are again With A another time And we come to the end What are other musical forms? Canon Bipartiate form Tripartiate form Round Bolero Requiem Sonata Fugue Bolero, by Maurice Ravel This is a fragment of one of the most popular works of the French composer Maurice Ravel. Do you recognize this? Accidentals and intervals An accidental is a sign that modifies the pitch of a note. A difference of pitch between two sounds is called an interval. The interval between two notes side by side, like Do and Re, is a whole tone. A smaller interval is a semitone. A sharp (#) raises a note by a half tone. A flat (ь) lowers a note by a half tone. «Happy Birthday!» Happy Birthday to you, Happy Birthday to you, Happy Birthday dear (name) Happy Birthday to you. International Day of Peace, January 30th January 30th is the anniversary of the death of Gandhi. Let's listen to «Imagine,» a song by John Lennon, famous songwriter of The Beatles.
Imagine, by John Lennon Imagine there's no heaven It's easy if you try No hell below us Above us only sky Imagine all the people Living for today... Imagine there's no countries It isn't hard to do Nothing to kill or die for And no religion too Imagine all the people Living life in peace... You may say I'm a dreamer But I'm not the only one I hope someday you'll join us And the world will be as one Imagine no possessions I wonder if you can No need for greed or hunger A brotherhood of man Imagine all the people Sharing all the world... You may say I'm a dreamer But I'm not the only one I hope someday you'll join us And the world will live as one
Brass Instruments The most important instruments of this family, from highest range to lowest, are the trumpet, the French horn, the tuba, and the trombone. The Trumpet The trumpet is one of the oldest instru-ments, known by the Greeks, the Romans, the Egyptians and the Arabs. It has the highest range of the brass instruments. It has keys that are pressed, a mouthpiece, and a bell. Lots of different music types use the trumpet, but especially 20th century music and jazz. The most famous jazz trumpeter is probably Louis Armstrong. The Horn Also a very old instrument. The Greeks made horns out of animal skins. The tube is 4.35 meters long, but is curled up and folded in on itself! Tuba The tuba is the lowest brass instrument and one of the lowest of the orchestra. It was invented by Adolphe Sax, who also invented the saxophone, in 1835. Trombone The oldest trombone ever found is Roman. In the 18 th century, there was a French instrument called the sacabuche. Also called the slide trombone, because of the telescopic tube that you slide to different positions that allow different notes.
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Phrasal Verbs! Look forward to anticipar I m looking forward to dinner tonight. Can t wait for anticipar mucho I can t wait for dinner tonight! Look up to respetar He really looks up to you. Look down on Dress up vestirse formal I m going to go dress up for dinner. Dress up as disfrazar I dressed up as a pirate for Halloween! Dress down el contrario de dress up (menos común) Dress (a person) down tell them off The sergeant gave him a thorough dressing-down. He dressed him down thoroughly. Take after resemblar I take after my father. Look after cuidar Can you look after the kids tonight? Take care of cuidar, o Yeah, I ll take care of the kids. I took care of that yesterday. Take (a person) in cuidar, refuger. You took me in when I was sick & cold. You took me in and looked after me. Take for (a ride) defraude
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Storytime The Day Charlie the Astronaut Went to the Zoo 1. At the zoo, he watched lions, and tigers, and bears. 2. He took the bus to his job at Houston Air Force Base, where he worked as an astronaut. 3. He had a bagel with cream cheese and some coffee for breakfast. 4. Watching thedlions made him hungry, so he ate an antelope burger at the zoo restaurant for lunch. 5. He went to bed when the film ended. 6. After work, he took the train to the Ball Zoo. 7. At work, he did tests, looked through a telescope at stars, and repaired his rocketship. 8. Charlie woke up at 7:30 in the morning. 9. He returned home from the zoo in the evening. 10. After dinner, he watched a film starring Leonardo DeCaprio and Kate Winslet. l Special Days: If you could have anything you wanted, what would you want to happen on your birthday?