THE LATE MIDDLE ENGLISH LUCYDARYE Volume 12
TEXTES VERNACULAIRES DU MOYEN AGE Collection dirigée par Stephen Morrison À une époque où les médiévistes, toutes disciplines confondues, se tournent de plus en plus vers les sources en langues vernaculaires, Brepols publie une nouvelle série TEXTES VERNACULAIRES DU MOYEN AGE, destinée à répondre aux besoins des chercheurs, confirmés ou débutants dans ce domaine. Le principal but (mais non le seul) de sa création est la publication de textes qui, jusqu ici, n ont jamais bénéficié d un traitement éditorial et qui, par conséquent demeurent inconnus ou mal connus de la communauté scientifique. Parmi les premiers volumes figurent des vies des saints en ancien et moyen-français ainsi que des textes scientifiques en français et en anglais. D autres volumes sont en préparation active. At a time when medievalists of all disciplines are increasingly recognising the importance of source material written in the major European vernaculars, Brepols publishes a new series TEXTES VERNACULAIRES DU MOYEN AGE, designed to meet the needs of a wide range of researchers working in this field. Central to its conception, though not exclusively so, is the place given to the publication of texts which have never hitherto benefited from editorial activity, and which remain unknown or imperfectly known to the academic community. The inaugural volumes include lives of saints in old and middle French, as well as scientific treatises in both French and English. Further volumes are in active preparation. Collection dirigée par / General editor: Stephen Morrison (Centre d Etudes Supérieures de Civilisation Médiévale, Université de Poitiers) Comité scientifique / Advisory Board Alexandra Barratt (Université de Waikato, Nouvelle Zélande), Daron Burrows (Université de Manchester, Royaume-Uni), Vittoria Corazza (Université de Turin, Italie), Irma Taavitsainen (Université de Helsinki, Finlande), Alessandro Vitale-Brovarone (Université de Turin, Italie), Annette Volfing (Université d Oxford)
The Late Middle English Lucydarye Edited by Stephen Morrison F
2013, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN 978-2-503-54082-5 D/2010/0095/133 Printed on acid-free paper
PREFACE I am grateful to the British Library, London, and to the Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington DC, for permission to print the text of the Lucydarye from the only two surviving copies of the text preserved in their collections. Both Sandra Powlette of the British Library and William Davis of the Folger Shakespeare Library have been particularly helpful and courteous. I am further indebted to the former institution for permission to reproduce the woodcut of the mayster and discyple which appears on the front cover of this edition. For permission to reproduce the text of the Second Lucidaire, I must thank the Dr Ludwig Reichert Verlag in Wiesbaden, and the text s editor, Prof. Dr Doris Ruhe, who kindly responded to my questions and clarified points on which I was doubtful. My French colleagues, Edina Bozoky (Poitiers), Ariane Lainé (Orléans), and Cécile Voyer (Bordeaux) have all made valuable suggestions on points of detail, as has Xavier de Coster (Louvain, Belgium), on the representation of the Tower of Babel, and I am grateful to them all. I must also record my sizeable debt to Alexandra Barratt of the University of Waikato (New Zealand) for making extensive comments on a primitive version of all parts of this edition; without them, it would be the poorer. For help with the watermarks in the British Library print, I convey my grateful thanks to Susan Powell of the University of Salford and Christian Algar of the Rare Books and Music Reference Team at the British Library, both of whom gave generously of their time and expertise. Of Georgianna Ziegler, of the Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington DC, who was kind enough to photograph what little in the way of watermarks could be observed, the same must also be said. On the technical side, Eric Planchon and Sébastien Duguy of the Maison des Sciences de l Homme et de la Société at the University of Poitiers dealt expertly with the necessary task of scanning the text of the Second Lucidaire; they were ably assisted by Emmanuelle Roux and Elena Sasu, both of the University of Poitiers. Finally, for the purchase of digital images of the Lucydarye, on which the early work of transcription was based, I gladly acknowledge the generosity of the Centre d Études Supérieures de Civilisation Médiévale, Poitiers, and of the CNRS, Paris. S. M. Poitiers Centre d Études Supérieures de Civilisation Médiévale April 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND SHORT TITLES...IX INTRODUCTION...XI 1. The nature of the edition...xi 2. The two prints of the Lucydarye and their relationship...xi 3. The Elucidarium...XVI 4. English translations of the Elucidarium...XVIII 5. The Second Lucidaire... XX 6. The relationship of the ME Lucydarye to the Second Lucidaire...XXI 7. The content of the Lucydarye and the question of its popularity... XXXI 8. Andrew Chertsey as a translator...xxxvi 9. Editorial conventions...xl THE TEXTS OF THE LUCYDARYE AND THE SECOND LUCIDAIRE 2 EXPLANATORY NOTES... 83 ALPHABETICAL SUBJECT LIST OF QUESTIONS... 117 BIBLIOGRAPHY... 119 GLOSSARY...131 LIST OF PROPER NAMES... 141
ABBREVIATIONS AND SHORT TITLES 1 ATILF Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (Dictionnaire du Moyen Français, 1330-1500) at http://atilf.fr/dmf.htm BnF Bibliothèque Nationale de France (Paris) Br The British Library print of A lytell Treatyse called the Lucydarye CCCM Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis (Turnholt, 1966-) CCSL Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina (Turnholt, 1953-) CSEL Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum (Vienna and Leipzig, 1866-1913) EETS Early English Text Society (Oxford), OS (1864-), ES (1867-1935) ESTS Electronic Short Title Catalogue fl. floruit (flourished) Fo The Folger Shakespeare Library print of A lytell Treatyse intytuled or named the Lucydarye Fr French Lefèvre L Elucidarium et les Lucidaires LgA Iacopo da Varazze, Legenda Aurea ME Middle English MED Middle English Dictionary MET Middle English Texts (Heidelberg, 1975-) MF Middle French Morrison, Sermon Cycle A Late Fifteenth-Century Dominical Sermon Cycle ns new series OE Old English OED Oxford English Dictionary PG Patrologia Graeca (Paris, 1857-66) PL Patrologia Latina (Paris, 1844-64) Ruhe, GW Gelehrtes Wissen, Aberglaube und pastorale Praxis im französischen Spätmittelalter SC Sources chrétiennes (Paris, 1942-) 1 The reader is referred to the Bibliography for full references. Books of the Bible are abbreviated in accordance with R. M. Ritter, New Hart s Rules: The Handbook of Style for Writers and Editors (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 140-42.
X ABBREVIATIONS AND SHORT TITLES SL STC Vulg. Second Lucidaire (the text preserved in the print I, see below) A Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland & Ireland and of English Books Printed Abroad 1475-1640 Biblia sacra iuxta Vulgatam Clementinam MANUSCRIPTS 2 A Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, fonds fr. 2458 (XIV s.) B Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, fonds fr. 25548 (XV s.) C Salins, Bibliothèque Municipale 12 (XV s.) De s-gravenhage, Koninklijke Bibliotheek B. R. 133 A 2 (XV s.) E London, British Library, Add. 32623 (XV s.) F Vatican, Biblioteca Vaticana, Reg. 1514 (XV s.) G Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, fonds fr. 19867 (XIV s.) 3 H Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, fonds fr. 1468 (XV s.) PRINTS of the Lucidaire or Lucidaire francoys D Guillaume Leroy, Lyon, before 1480, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Rés. H 155 I Jean de la Fontaine, Lyon, c. 1500, Williamstown, Mass., Williams College, Chapin Library, Inc. H-293 K Champion des dames, Lyon, c. 1488-92, Toulouse, Bibliothèque Municipale, Inc. Lyon 155. L Martin Morin, Rouen, before 1500, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Rés. D 80418 M Jean Le Coq, Troyes, after 1506, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Rés. 80200 N A la maison de feu Barnabé Chaussard, Lyon, 27 March 1540, Lyon, Bibliothèque Municipale, Rés. 493621 O Claude Nourry, Lyon, before 1516, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Rés. D 10673 P Claude Nourry, Lyon, 27 October 1506, Paris, Bibliothèque de l Arsenal, 4 BL 5276 Q Claude Chastellard, Lyon, 1620, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Rés. D 37807 R Jean Huguetan, Lyon 1623, La Rochelle, Bibliothèque Municipale, 10.707 2 Full bibliographical references to both manuscripts and prints are given in Ruhe, GW, pp. 134-39. 3 This is a fragment, consisting of only one leaf.