ANT 1010. Culture and Human Experience. Redwood Road. SLCC. Instructor: Lolita Nikolova, Ph.D. Haviland et al., Chapter 14. Practice Test. The Arts MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. In North America, is thought of as a specialized activity done for play, recreation, or aesthetic appreciation. (p. 368) a. religion b. myth c. art d. magic e. science 2. Whether useful or nonuseful, all art is an expression of (pp. 369-370) a. the innate need to be impractical. b. a fundamental human capacity for religious expression. c. state-level societies that can afford specialists. d. political domination of minorities by elites. e. the symbolic representation of form and the expression of feeling that constitutes the creative imagination. 3. The observation that all cultures include activities that provide aesthetic pleasure suggests that (p. 368-370) a. humans may have an innate or acquired need to produce art. b. the human mind requires the stimulation of imaginative play to prevent boredom. c. All societies, from food foraging bands to industrial states, include art in their culture. d. art is a necessary activity in which all normal, active members of society participate. e. All of the above. 4. Although the drive toward imaginative play may be a human universal, the form that it takes is determined by (p. 370) a. chance. b. culture. c. insanity. d. unhappiness. e. supernatural forces. Answer: b Type: M Page: 370 Key 1: o Key 2: n 5. The term was developed in the 19 th century to refer to traditional oral stories and sayings of the European peasant. (p. 377)
a. magic b. superstition c. folklore d. verbal arts e. motif Answer: c Type: M Page: 377 Key 1: o Key 2: n 7. Anthropologists prefer to use the term verbal arts rather than the term folklore because (p.377) a. the term folklore is used only by linguists; the term verbal arts is used only by anthropologists. b. the term verbal arts sounds more sophisticated. c. the term verbal arts is more scientific. d. the term folklore implies lack of sophistication, and is a condescending term to use. e. the term folklore refers only to fairy tales. 8. The type of verbal arts that has received the most study and attention is (p.377) a. poetry. b. incantations. c. narrative. d. proverbs. e. riddles. 10. Anthropologists interpret myth as the of cultures that do not use scientific methods; myths explain the world and a people s place in it. (p.378) a. narrative b. religion c. science d. folklore e. drama 11. Which of the following composers of so-called serious music have been influenced by African American music? (p. 387) a. Bernstein b. Gershwin c. Dvorak d. Poulenc e. all of the above 12. In the myth of Tabaldak and Odziozo, Tabaldak first created the Abenakis from stone, and then from living wood. What does this tell us about the functions of myths? (p. 378) a. Myths function to tell actual history; the Abenakis believe that they were originally
made of wood. b. Myths bring humor into the lives of the Abenakis because they are so ridiculous. c. Myths function primarily to provide entertainment; the Abenakis know they were not made from wood, but like to tell this story to visiting anthropologists who are so gullible. d. Myths function to express a culture s worldview; the Abenakis see themselves as belonging to the world of living things rather than to the nonliving world of stone. e. Myths provide knowledge of woodworking and stonemasonry to the Abenakis. 15. are semihistorical narratives that account for the deeds of heroes, the movements of peoples, and the establishment of local customs. (p. 379) a. Myths b. Legends c. Tales d. Dramas e. Proverbs 16. Long legends called epics are usually found in nonliterate societies with a form of political organization. (p. 380) a. band b. tribe c. chiefdom d. state e. kinship 17. Because legends contain details of a people s past, they are a form of history; because they often give a picture of a people s view of the world and humanity s place in it, they are like (p. 381) a. poetry. b. religion. c. magic. d. kinship systems. e. myth. Answer: e Type: M Page: 381 Key 1: o Key 2: n 18. When an anthropologist uses the term, s/he is referring to a category of verbal narratives that are secular, non-historical, and seen primarily as a source of entertainment. (p. 381) a. folklore b. myth c. tale d. legend e. drama
19. Most of the situation comedies, soap operas and adventure series shown on television are non-religious, nonhistorical, and appreciated primarily as a source of entertainment. Thus they may be classified as what kind of verbal arts? (p. 381) a. proverbs b. drama c. legend d. incantations e. tale 20. Many tales convey the same story situation for example, the numbskull tale in which a father and son try to please everyone. Despite variations in detail, these tales have the same structure or story situation, called a (p. 381) a. structure. b. line. c. motif. d. myth. e. docudrama. 21. Your text describes a type of narrative found in many cultures in which a peasant father and his son, while traveling with their beast of burden, meet a number of people who criticize them. What is the motif? (p. 381) a. The motif refers to the psychological motives of the characters in a story, in this case the desire of the son to do better than his father. b. By motif is meant the historical background to the story, in this case the history of exploitation of the peasantry. c. The motif refers to the story situation, in this case a father and son trying to please everyone. d. By motif is meant the physical environment in which the story occurs, in this case the yam gardens of Ghana. e. The motif refers to the economic background, in this case feudalism. 26. The study of music in its cultural setting is called (p. 383) a. drama. b. narrative. c. ethnomusicology. d. folklore. e. verbal arts. 29. Scale systems and their modifications in music is (p. 383) a. tonality. b. ethnomusicology c. sculpture.
d. verbal arts. e. pentatonic. 30. The Western music scale recognizes different tones. (p. 384) a. 7 b. 5 c. 12 d. 17 e. 24 31. The system divides the octave into five nearly equidistant tones. (p. 384) a. pentatonic b. natural c. out-of-tune d. Persian e. formless 32. Two people playing different patterns of beats at the same time is called (p. 384) a. pentatonic. b. irregular. c. repetitious. d. polyrhythm. e. primitive. 33. As an ethnomusicologist, how would you describe a waltz? (p.384) a. It uses seven steps between octaves. b. It has a rhythm characterized by three beats overlapped by four beats. c. It has a polyrhythm characterized by three beats overlapped by four beats. d. It has no regular recurring pattern of beats. e. It has a pattern of shifting rhythms, a pattern of three followed by a pattern of five. 34. During the Washington Peace March in the 60s, thousands of people sang the song, We Shall Overcome. This song expressed a feeling of common purpose to counteract repression and reform society. It created a sense of unity among the diverse members of the crowd. This example illustrates the of music. (p. 385) a. social functions b. geographical distribution c. tonality d. mythological features e. polyrhythms 36. The earliest evidence of tattooing was found on a mummified human body dating back some years. (p. 372)
a. 1,000 b. 2,500 c. 15,000 d. 12,000 e. 5,000 41. The verbal arts would include which of the following? (p. 377) a. insults b. proverbs c. compliments d. all of the above e. only b 42. typically are found in nonliterate societies with a form of state political organization; they serve to transmit and preserve a culture s legal and political precedents and practices. (p. 380) a. Epics b. Folk tales c. Myths d. Sagas e. Parables 44. Rarely has a culture been reported to lack any kind of music. Bone flutes and whistles as much as years old have been found by archaeologists. (p. 385) a. 40,000 b. 75,000 c. 100,000 d. 500,000 e. 1 million 46. By describing an orderly universe, function to set standards for orderly behavior. (p. 378-379) a. myths b. legends c. poems d. tales e. songs TRUE/FALSE 1. Art in most cultures is primarily aesthetic and nonuseful. (p. 368) T F 2. Haviland believes that artistic behavior is as basic to human beings as is talking.
6. From the study of people s myths, an anthropologist can learn how the people define their world and the nature of their relationship to this world. (p. 378) T F 14. Archaeologists have found musical instruments 40,000 years old. (p. 385) T F 16. The human nervous system generates a variety of patterns that can help us understand abstract art. (p. 375) T F 18. Almost anything humans can lay their hands on can become an object of artistic expression skin, hair, dress, dwellings, vehicles, weapons, utensils, etc. (p. 367) T F MATCHING 1. Match the verbal art with its definition. tale motif myth legend d. epic a. a sacred narrative explaining how the world came to be in its present form b. a story told as true, set in the post-creation world c. a creative narrative recognized as fiction a long oral narrative recounting the glorious events in the life of a real or imaginary person e. a story situation in a folktale