INTRODUCTION... XVIII STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES... XVIII REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY... XVIII CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY AND FOR WHOM... XVIII SCOPE AND FORMAT... XIX METHODOLOGY... XIX INFORMATION SOURCES... XIX OTHER RELEVANT BCC PUBLICATIONS... XX BCC ONLINE SERVICES... XX DISCLAIMER... XX SUMMARY... XXI SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL FORECAST OF WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS, THROUGH 2010 ($ BILLIONS)... XXII SUMMARY FIGURE VALUE OF WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS, 2004-2010 ($ BILLIONS)... XXII OVERVIEW... 1 TYPES OF DISPLAYS... 1 TABLE 1 KEY ELECTRONIC DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES... 2 DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 3 TABLE 2 KEY ELECTRONIC DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 3 DISPLAY APPLICATIONS (CONTINUED)... 4 INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPETITIVENESS... 5 DISPLAY INDUSTRY STATUS... 5 CRT VERSUS FLAT PANEL... 5 DISPLAY MATERIALS REPORT INDICATES CHANGING GROWTH TRENDS... 6 TABLE 3 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ELECTRONIC DISPLAY MATERIALS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 7 CONTINUED EXPANSION OF FLAT PANEL TECHNOLOGY... 7 TABLE 4 OBSERVATIONS ABOUT EXPANDING FLAT PANEL DISPLAYS... 8 MIGRATION OF DISPLAY MANUFACTURING... 8 TABLE 5 SHARE OF DISPLAY MANUFACTURING BY REGION, 2004-2010 (%)... 9 FIGURE 1 DISPLAY MANUFACTURING BY REGION, 2004-2010 (%)... 10 DISPLAY CONSUMPTION IS STEADY... 10 TABLE 6 SHARE OF DISPLAY CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2004-2010 (%)... 11 FIGURE 2 DISPLAY CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2004-2010 (%)... 11 TABLE 7 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISPLAY INDUSTRY... 12 GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY DISPLAY SUPPORT... 12 U.S. DISPLAY ACTIVITY... 13 The U.S. Display Consortium... 13 TABLE 8 USDC MISSION OBJECTIVES... 14 Technology Road Maps and Standards... 14 USDC Display-Related Programs... 14 TABLE 9 REPRESENTATIVE DISPLAY-RELATED USDC PROGRAMS... 15
SEMI Flat-Panel Display Division... 15 Phosphor Technology Center of Excellence... 16 TABLE 10 MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF PTCOE... 16 Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center... 17 Industry Relations... 17 Advanced Technology Program... 18 Department of Defense SBIR Program... 18 Impact of U.S. Display Activities... 18 EUROPEAN DISPLAY ACTIVITIES... 19 TABLE 11 MAJOR GOALS OF EUROPEAN DISPLAY MANUFACTURING... 19 European Commission Programs... 19 Flexible Display Project... 20 TABLE 12 PLANS FOR THE FLEXIBLE DISPLAY PROJECT... 20 The University of Ghent... 21 TABLE 13 PROJECTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GHENT LIQUID CRYSTAL GROUP... 21 Individual Private Company Display Research... 22 TABLE 14 SELECTED EUROPEAN-BASED COMPANIES ENGAGED IN DISPLAY ACTIVITIES... 22 Covion Organic Semiconductors... 23 Schott Glass... 23 NV Philips... 23 Impact of European Display Activity... 24 ASIA-PACIFIC DISPLAY ACTIVITIES... 24 Japan... 24 TABLE 15 HOW THE JAPANESE DISPLAY INDUSTRY DEVELOPED... 24 Japan s Current Position... 25 Republic of Korea... 25 Taiwan... 26 Singapore s Activities... 26 Background... 26 TABLE 16 GOALS OF THE SINGAPORE INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING... 27 Other Asian Activities... 27 DISPLAY GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY SUPPORT SUMMARY... 28 ECONOMIC ISSUES AND THEIR IMPACT ON DISPLAYS... 28 UNITED STATES... 28 TABLE 17 ECONOMIC LONG-TERM ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE U.S. ECONOMY AND DISPLAY MATERIALS... 29 EUROPE... 29 ASIA-PACIFIC... 30 TABLE 18 ASIA-PACIFC REGION ECONOMIC IMPACT ON DISPLAYS... 30 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT SUMMARY... 31 INDUSTRY STANDARDS... 31 VIDEO ELECTRONICS STANDARDS ASSOCIATION (VESA)... 32 VESA Standards... 32 TABLE 19 REPRESENTATIVE VESA STANDARDS FOR DISPLAYS... 32 International Members and Participation... 33
NIST FLAT PANEL DISPLAY LABORATORY... 33 SEMI FPD STANDARDS PROGRAM... 33 IMPACT OF STANDARDS ON COMPETITIVENESS... 34 MARKET GROWTH FACTORS... 34 DRIVING FORCES FOR GROWTH... 34 IMPACT OF MARKET GROWTH FACTORS... 35 TABLE 20 IMPACT OF KEY COMPETITIVE FACTORS ON THE GROWTH OF THE DISPLAY INDUSTRY (%)... 35 DISPLAY PATENT ANALYSIS... 36 PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY... 36 TABLE 21 PATENTS BY DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY, 2004 2005... 36 PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY (CONTINUED)... 37 PATENTS BY REGION... 38 TABLE 22 DISPLAY PATENTS BY REGION, 2004 2005... 38 PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE... 38 TABLE 23 ASSIGNEES WITH SEVEN OR MORE PATENTS, 2004 2005... 39 SAMPLE ABTRACTS... 40 LCD DEVICE WITH A PARTICULAR HOUSING AND FLEXIBLE CIRCUIT... 40 A PLASMA DISPLAY DEVICE WITH EFFICIENT HEAT CONDUCTIVITY... 40 ACTIVE MATRIX OLED WITH SIMPLE FABRICATION PROCESS... 41 FIELD EMISSION DEVICE USING CARBON NANOTUBES... 41 ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION OF CARBON NANOTUBES... 42 LEVELING THERMAL STRESS VARIATIONS IN A MEMS DEVICE... 42 THE CRT MARKET... 43 THE CRT IN 2005... 43 CHANGES IN CRT MATERIALS INDICATE SLOWDOWN IN DEMAND... 43 A NEW, SLIM DESIGN RAISES POSSIBILITIES FOR SALES GROWTH... 44 Samsung s Award Winning SlimFit Model... 45 LG. Philips is Also a Player... 45 CRT MARKET STRUCTURE... 46 LEADING CRT MANUFACTURERS... 46 TABLE 24 LEADING CRT MANUFACTURERS... 46 CRT TECHNOLOGY... 47 BASIC OPERATION... 47 TABLE 25 BASIC COMPONENTS OF A CRT... 48 Color Capability... 48 CONTINUING CRT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS... 49
Flat-Screen CRT Displays... 49 TABLE 26 MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF A FLAT-FACED CRT... 50 Improved Electron Guns... 50 Better Contrast... 51 CRT COMPARED TO FLAT PANEL DISPLAYS... 51 TABLE 27 COMPARISON OF CRT TO MAJOR FPD TECHNOLOGIES... 52 CRT APPLICATIONS... 53 TELEVISION... 53 Direct View... 53 Projection TV... 54 TABLE 28 WORLDWIDE CRT PROJECTION MARKET BY USER, 2004... 54 TABLE 29 DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS FOR CRT TV TECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION... 55 COMPUTER MONITORS... 55 PC Desktop Monitors... 55 TABLE 30 KEY FACTORS IN LCD MONITOR SHIPMENTS EXCEEDING CRT... 56 Terminals... 56 Industrial and Medical Monitors... 57 INSTRUMENTATION... 57 CRT MARKET ASSESSMENT... 58 DECLINING GROWTH TRENDS... 58 TABLE 31 GLOBAL FORECAST FOR SHIPMENTS OF CRT DISPLAYS, 2000 2004 (UNITS 000)... 58 Changing Market Share... 58 TABLE 32 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR CRT/FLAT PANELS IN DESKTOP MONITORS, 2001 2004 (%)... 59 Key CRT Market Limitations... 59 Some Pluses for CRT Technology... 60 TABLE 33 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS GROWTH OF CRT DISPLAYS... 60 FORECAST CRT SHIPMENTS... 61 TABLE 34 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CRT DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 (UNITS 000)... 61 FORECAST VALUE OF CRT SHIPMENTS... 62 TABLE 35 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CRT DISPLAY SHIPMENT VALUE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 62 FIGURE 3 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CRT DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, 2004 AND 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 63 Forecast Value of CRT Shipments (Continued)... 64 THE LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY MARKET... 65 THE LCD IN 2005... 65 PLASTIC TFT LCD FOR FLEXIBLE DISPLAYS... 66 MEDICAL APPLICATIONS EXPAND LCD USAGE... 66 Additional Progress in Medical Venues... 67 FASTEST RESPONSE TIME... 67 LCD MICRODISPLAY OPENS UP SURVEILLANCE MARKET... 68 VOIP TELEPHONES TO GET LCD DISPLAYS... 68
HOW LARGE CAN TV SCREENS GET?... 69 DON T FORGET INDUSTRIAL NEEDS... 69 LCDS WITH MULTIFUNCTION ACTIVITY... 69 2005 SUMMARY... 70 LCD MARKET STRUCTURE... 70 LEADING LCD MANUFACTURERS... 70 TABLE 36 LEADING LCD DISPLAY MANUFACTURERS... 71 LCD TECHNOLOGY... 72 HOW LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS WORK... 72 TWISTED-NEMATIC TECHNOLOGY... 73 SUPER-TWISTED NEMATIC TECHNOLOGY... 73 FERROELECTRIC LCD TECHNOLOGY... 73 PASSIVE MATRIX LCDS... 74 TABLE 37 ADVANTAGES OF PASSIVE MATRIX LCD TECHNOLOGY... 74 ACTIVE MATRIX LCDS... 75 TABLE 38 ADVANTAGES OF THE ACTIVE MATRIX LCD TECHNOLOGY... 75 Transmissive and Reflective Displays... 76 POLYSILICON TECHNOLOGY... 76 TABLE 39 ADVANTAGES OF POLYSILICON LCD TECHNOLOGY... 76 TRENDS IN LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVELOPMENT... 77 TABLE 40 MAJOR TRENDS IN LIQUID CRYSTAL RESEARCH... 77 IN-PLANE SWITCHING AND VERTICAL ALIGNMENT... 78 LIQUID CRYSTAL ON SILICON... 78 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 79 TABLE 41 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF MATERIAL... 79 TELEVISION... 80 Direct View... 80 Projection Television... 81 TABLE 42 DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS OF LCD TV TECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION... 81 COMPUTER MONITORS... 82 Portables and Laptops... 82 TABLE 43 KEY FACTORS IN THE RISING DEMAND FOR PORTABLE COMPUTERS... 82 Desktop Monitors... 83 TABLE 44 MOST COMMON APPLICATIONS OF LCD DESKTOP MONITORS... 83 INDUSTRIAL AND MEDICAL MONITORS... 83 TABLE 45 LCD APPLICATIONS IN THE MEDICAL/INDUSTRIAL MARKETS... 84 HANDHELD DISPLAYS... 84 Microdisplays... 85 TABLE 46 LCD MICRODISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES... 85 INSTRUMENTATION... 85 LCD MARKET ASSESSMENT... 86 LCD MONITOR GROWTH TREND... 86 TABLE 47 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS FOR LCD AND CRT COMPUTER MONITORS, THROUGH 2004 (UNITS 000)... 86 Exceptional TV Growth... 87 TABLE 48 GLOBAL DEMAND FOR LCD TELEVISION, THROUGH 2004 (UNITS 000)... 87
Market Drivers... 88 TABLE 49 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS LCD MARKET... 88 FORECAST LCD DISPLAY SHIPMENTS... 89 TABLE 50 GLOBAL FORECAST OF LCD DISPLAYS SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 (UNITS 000)... 89 Multiple Displays... 90 FORECAST VALUE OF LCD SHIPMENTS... 90 TABLE 51 ESTIMATED AVERAGE PRICES OF LCD PANELS BY APPLICATION, 2004-2010 ($)... 91 TABLE 52 GLOBAL FORECAST OF LCD DISPLAY SHIPMENT VALUE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 91 FIGURE 4 VALUE OF WORLDWIDE LCD DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, 2004-2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 92 Forecast Value of LCD Shipments (Continued)... 93 THE PLASMA DISPLAY MARKET... 94 THE PLASMA DISPLAY IN 2005... 94 Giants Get Together To Expand Plasma Business... 95 DVD Screen Savers Prevent Screen Burn... 95 Better Contrast Levels Show High Quality... 96 Samsung Shows Largest PDP at Global Road Show... 97 Plasma Displays for Digital Signage... 97 Price Points Help Sell $12 Million in Plasma Displays in One Week... 98 2005 SUMMARY... 98 PLASMA MARKET STRUCTURE... 99 LEADING PLASMA MANUFACTURERS... 99 TABLE 53 LEADING PLASMA DISPLAY MANUFACTURERS... 99 PLASMA TECHNOLOGY... 100 AC VERSUS DC DISPLAYS... 100 TABLE 54 ADVANTAGES OF THE AC PLASMA PANEL... 101 BASIC OPERATION... 101 Display Addressing... 102 TABLE 55 TYPICAL LAYER-BY-LAYER PLASMA STRUCTURE... 102 EMERGING PLASMA DEVELOPMENTS... 103 Alternate Lighting of Surfaces... 103 Improving Image Quality... 103 PLASMA DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 104 TELEVISION... 104 TABLE 56 DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASMA TV TECHNOLOGY... 105 PUBLIC INFORMATION DISPLAY MONITORS... 105 TABLE 57 PUBLIC INFORMATION ADVANTAGES OF PLASMA DISPLAYS... 106 DIGITAL SIGNAGE... 106 Touch Screens and Ruggedized Monitors... 107 TABLE 58 KEY PLASMA MONITOR APPLICATIONS IN THE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL MARKETS... 107 PLASMA MARKET ASSESSMENT... 107
PLASMA MONITOR GROWTH TREND... 107 TABLE 59 GLOBAL PLASMA DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2004 (UNITS 000)... 108 Market Drivers... 108 TABLE 60 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS GROWTH OF PLASMA DISPLAYS... 109 FORECAST PLASMA DISPLAY SHIPMENTS... 109 TABLE 61 GLOBAL FORECAST OF PLASMA DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 (UNITS 000)... 110 FORECAST VALUE OF PLASMA SHIPMENTS... 110 TABLE 62 FORECAST VALUE OF PLASMA SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 111 FIGURE 5 GLOBAL FORECAST OF PLASMA DISPLAY SHIPMENT VALUE, 2004-2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 112 ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY MARKET... 113 THE OLED IN 2005... 113 Visor for Head Tracking and 3D Stereovision... 114 R&D Contract for Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing... 114 More Polymer Displays Enter Market... 115 Pilot Line for P-OLEDs... 116 OLEDs Enter Surveillance Market... 116 Samsung Shows 40-In. OLED... 117 CDT Produces 14-in. Color P-OLEDs... 117 2005 SUMMARY... 118 OLED MARKET STRUCTURE... 118 LEADING OLED MANUFACTURERS... 118 TABLE 63 LEADING OLED DISPLAY MANUFACTURERS... 119 Small Molecules in Front... 119 BASIC OLED TECHNOLOGY... 120 OLED DISPLAY FABRICATION... 120 TABLE 64 BASIC OLED STRUCTURE... 121 FABRICATION METHODS... 121 PLED Fabrication... 122 TABLE 65 STRUCTURE OF A TYPICAL PLED DISPLAY... 122 Ink-Jet Printing... 122 FLEXIBLE DISPLAYS... 123 TABLE 66 BENEFITS OF ORGANIC ELECTRONICS... 123 Organic Thin-Film Transistors... 123 OLED APPLICATIONS... 124 TABLE 67 KEY APPLICATIONS OF DISPLAYS MADE FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS... 124 APPLICATION LEADERS... 125 OLED TECHNOLOGY BENEFITS... 125 TABLE 68 MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF OLED TECHNOLOGY... 126 OLED MARKET ASSESSMENT... 126 RECENT OLED GROWTH RATES... 126 TABLE 69 WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF OLED DISPLAYS, THROUGH 2004... 127 Major Market Thrust... 127 Continuing Rapid Growth... 128
TABLE 70 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS FOR OLED GROWTH... 128 FORECAST OLED SHIPMENTS... 129 TABLE 71 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OLED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 (UNITS 000)... 129 FORECAST VALUE OF OLED SHIPMENTS... 130 TABLE 72 ESTIMATED AVERAGE PRICES OF OLED PANELS BY APPLICATION, 2004-2010 ($)... 130 TABLE 73 GLOBAL FORECAST FOR OLED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 131 FIGURE 6 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OLED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, 2004-2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 131 Forecast Value of OLED Shipments (Continued)... 132 INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY MARKET... 133 MARKET DEFINITION... 133 THE LED IN 2005... 134 Daktronics Gets Baseball Projects for 2005 Season... 134 LED Display for Soccer and Advertising... 135 Flexible LED System Fits Any Stadium... 136 High-Brightness LEDs Continue To Make Progress... 136 SUMMARY OF LED IN 2005... 137 LED MARKET STRUCTURE... 137 LEADING LED MANUFACTURERS... 137 TABLE 74 LEADING LED DISPLAY MANUFACTURERS... 138 LED TECHNOLOGY... 139 LED FABRICATION... 139 LED MATERIALS AND PROCESSES... 139 MATERIALS... 140 Color Qualities... 140 High-Brightness Materials... 140 TABLE 75 COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL AND HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LEDS... 141 TABLE 76 MAJOR LED MATERIALS USED IN DISPLAYS... 142 LED APPLICATIONS... 142 LARGE-AREA COLOR DISPLAYS... 143 TABLE 77 KEY ADVANTAGES OF LEDS IN LARGE-AREA DISPLAYS... 143 DISPLAY AND INSTRUMENT APPLICATIONS... 143 TABLE 78 LEADING LED INSTRUMENT AND REGULAR DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 144 LED MARKET ASSESSMENT... 145 LARGE-AREA DISPLAY POTENTIAL... 145 RECENT LED GROWTH RATES... 145 TABLE 79 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF LED DISPLAYS, THROUGH 2004 (000 UNITS)... 145 INSTRUMENT AND GRAPHIC DISPLAY POTENTIAL... 146 TABLE 80 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS GROWTH OF LED DISPLAYS... 146 FORECAST LED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS... 146 TABLE 81 GLOBAL FORECAST LED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 (000 UNITS)... 147 FORECAST VALUE OF LED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS... 147
TABLE 82 GLOBAL FORECAST OF LED DISPLAY SHIPMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 148 FIGURE 7 GLOBAL FORECAST OF LED DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, 2004-2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 148 Forecast Value of LED Display Shipments (Continued)... 149 VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAY MARKET... 150 THE VFD IN 2005... 150 VFD MAINTAINS ITS SOLID REPUTATION... 150 VFD INDUSTRY STRUCTURE... 151 TABLE 83 LEADING VFD DISPLAY MANUFACTURERS... 151 VFD TECHNOLOGY... 152 PROPERTIES AND FABRICATION... 152 Other Configurations... 153 Color... 153 Typical Characteristics... 153 TABLE 84 CHARACTERISTICS OF VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAYS... 153 TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS... 153 Active Matrix Technology... 154 TABLE 85 IMPROVEMENTS IN VFDS USING ACTIVE-MATRIX TECHNOLOGY... 154 Rib Grid Displays... 155 VFD APPLICATIONS... 155 GRAPHIC DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 156 TABLE 86 MAJOR APPLICATIONS FOR GRAPHIC VFD DISPLAYS... 156 INSTRUMENT APPLICATIONS... 156 VFD MARKET ASSESSMENT... 157 MARKET POTENTIAL... 157 RECENT GROWTH TRENDS... 158 TABLE 87 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF VFD DISPLAYS, THROUGH 2004 (000 UNITS)... 158 TABLE 88 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS GROWTH OF VFD DISPLAYS... 158 FORECAST SHIPMENTS OF VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAYS... 159 TABLE 89 GLOBAL FORECAST OF VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAY SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 (000 UNITS)... 159 VALUE OF VFD SHIPMENTS... 160 TABLE 90 GLOBAL FORECAST OF VFD SHIPMENTS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 160 FIGURE 8 GLOBAL FORECAST OF VFD DISPLAY SHIPMENTS VALUE, 2004-2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 161 EMERGING TECHNOLOGY DISPLAY MARKET... 162 EMERGING DISPLAY ACTIVITY IN 2005... 162 MOTOROLA DEBUTS NANO-EMISSIVE FLAT-DISPLAY PROTOTYPE... 163 OTHER EMERGING DISPLAY HIGHLIGHTS... 163 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE... 164 TABLE 91 KEY MANUFACTURERS OF EMERGING DISPLAYS... 164 Market Shares to be Determined... 165
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY... 165 BASIC DLP TECHNOLOGY... 165 DLP Applications... 165 TABLE 92 PROJECTION AND DISPLAY DLP APPLICATIONS... 166 BASIC SCANNED-BEAM TECHNOLOGY... 166 Scanned-Beam Display Applications... 167 TABLE 93 SCANNED BEAM DISPLAY APPLICATIONS... 167 INTERFEROMETRIC MODULAR TECHNOLOGY... 167 Applications for Modular Technology... 168 NANOSTRUCTURED FILMS... 168 Display Fabrication... 169 TABLE 94 QUALITIES OF A NANOCHROMIC DISPLAY... 169 Key Materials... 170 TABLE 95 MAJOR STRUCTURE OF NANOCHROMIC DISPLAYS... 170 QUANTUM DOTS... 170 Unique Properties... 171 Quantum Confinement... 171 Tunable Energies... 171 TABLE 96 KEY PROPERTIES OF QUANTUM DOTS... 172 Impact on Electroluminescence and Displays... 172 CARBON NANOTUBES... 173 TABLE 97 PROPERTIES OF CARBON NANOTUBES... 173 CNTs in Displays... 174 EMERGING TECHNOLOGY MARKET ASSESSMENT... 175 TRENDS IN EMERGING TECHNOLOGY DISPLAYS... 175 TABLE 98 EMERGING DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY STATUS... 175 A REALISTIC LOOK AT EMERGING TECHNOLOGY GROWTH FACTORS... 176 TABLE 99 STEPS TO COMMERCIALIZATION OF EMERGING DISPLAYS... 176 MEMS Unit Growth Rate... 176 TABLE 100 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF MEMS DISPLAY UNITS FOR FPDS, THROUGH 2004 (THOUSAND UNITS)... 177 Major Drivers... 177 TABLE 101 FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS FOR GROWTH OF EMERGING DISPLAYS... 178 FORECAST FOR EMERGING COMPONENTS... 178 TABLE 102 FORECAST FOR WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF EMERGING DISPLAYS BY TYPE AND DISPLAY TYPE, THROUGH 2010 (THOUSAND UNITS)... 179 FORECAST FOR THE VALUE OF EMERGING COMPONENT SHIPMENTS... 179 TABLE 103 FORECAST FOR THE VALUE OF EMERGING DISPLAY COMPONENT SHIPMENTS BY TYPE AND DISPLAY TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 180 FIGURE 9 GLOBAL FORECAST OF EMERGING DLP SHIPMENTS, 2004-2010 ($ MILLIONS)... 181 COMPANY PROFILES... 182 AU OPTRONICS CORP.... 182 CAMBRIDGE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY... 182
DUPONT DISPLAYS... 183 EMAGIN CORP.... 183 FUTABA CORP.... 184 HITACHI DISPLAYS, LTD.... 184 INFOCUS... 185 KOPIN CORP.... 185 LG ELECTRONICS, INC.... 186 PIONEER COMPANIES... 186 PLANAR TECHNOLOGY... 187 ROYAL PHILIPS ELECTRONICS... 187 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.... 188 SHARP ELECTRONICS... 188 SONY CORP.... 189 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS... 189 UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORP... 190