Main Topic 14: Technical Areas Lesson 75: Technology (20-25 minutes) Today, you will: 1. Learn useful vocabulary related to TECHNOLOGY. 2. Review of Relative Clause: Repeated Subject. I. VOCABULARY Exercise 1: What s the meaning? (5-6 minutes) Choose the meaning of the underlined words from the choices that follow. Then practice using the words in your own sentences. 1. The hard drive of his laptop has a maximum capacity of 750 GB. a. space b. standard c. weight d. compatibility 2. Almost all door security systems used in companies are mechanical. They open and close on their own. a. manual b. efficient c. futuristic d. automatic 3. You cannot create even the simplest of animation without utilizing multimedia. a. combination of lines and scripts b. combination of news and print c. coordination of different departments d. combination of sound, image, video and text 1
4. Chemical preservatives in food prevent the growth of bacteria and microorganisms. a. natural b. artificial c. medicinal d. biological 5. Metal is a conductor because it transfers heat quicker due to its close atom composition. a. channel b. stopper c. processor d. resistor 2
Exercise 2: What s the word? (5-7 minutes) Read the following dialog with your tutor and try to use context clues to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word. You can find the missing word from the pool of words at the bottom. Bryce is conversing with his co-worker regarding the recent news during lunch break. Bryce: Rick, did you see the recent news on TV about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? Scientists should create an effective solution for waste management as soon as possible! Rick: Yes, It s terrible! I was watching it with my kids last night. About 80% of the garbage are (1) plastics broken down into tiny pieces by the current of North Pacific. Bryce: Yes, and the (2) of plastic debris keeps on increasing each year! I don t know why, but despite the data the (3) activists have made known to the public, we still cannot find a solution to this. Rick: Water is one of the (4) resources that is capable of being replaced by natural ecological cycles in a short period of time. But given the current situation, a garbagefilled water source is risking the future of our children. We should have a sort of machine that can blast plastics and change them into another form of matter! That would be a great idea, wouldn t it? Bryce: I agree. It really is bothersome watching all those garbage. If we continue doing this, I can imagine the future generations not having clean water to (5) life. Choices: a. renewable b. sustain c. decomposed d. pressure e. mass f. sanitation 3
II. GRAMMAR REVIEW: Topic: Relative Clauses: Repeated Subject (5-6 minutes) Relative clauses are used to provide supporting details on the subject to avoid repeating it. relative clause makes sentences brief and meaningful at the same time. Instead of repeating the subject, we use (1) Relative Pronouns and (2) Relative Adverbs. A Sentence Pattern: Relative Pronoun or Adverb + Subject + Verb Relative Pronoun as subject + Verb For example, The factory is near my house. The factory manufactures cars. Instead, we say: The factory that manufactures cars is near my house. Remember: The table below serves as guide on how to substitute the subject or object. Relative Pronoun who which whose whom that Relative Adverb when where why Substitute for people animals, things or another idea being spoken about showing ownership of people, animals and things for people (followed by a noun or pronoun) people, animals and things (may be interchanged with who or which) Substitute for time expression place reason Examples: I called the technician who fixed the air conditioner to check the air flow in our office. The frog which the students sliced open still has a beating heart. The speech, which was discussed by Mr. Lee, involved new scientific discoveries. Do you know the student, whose father is an Animator? Bill Gates is the man whom many admire because of his ingenuity. I am pleased with the idea that we stopped importing car parts to help the local economy. He still remembers the day when they used oil lamps and candles at night. Sweden, where medicines are manufactured, has an advanced technology. Do you know the reason why it is necessary to control the temperature in the laboratory? 4
Comprehension Check: Please connect these two sentences using a relative adverb. Saudi Arabia is one of the world s top oil manufacturers. Oil is cheap in Saudi Arabia. Exercise 1: Incomplete Sentences (5-6 minutes) Choose the word or phrase that would best complete the following sentences. 1. I saw Mr. Smith, the press wanted to interview, inside the jewelry store. a. when b. which d. where 2. This is the hybrid car environmentalists promote. a. whose b. where d. that 3. Engineers, practice is extensive, prefer safety first above all. a. which b. whose d. that 4. Slash and Burn agriculture, was practiced before, still exists. a. when b. whom c. which d. where 5. Renaissance age was inventors like Leonardo da Vinci introduced anatomy. a. where b. which c. when d. why 5