Serials: FRBR and Beyond By Barbara B. Tillett for the Continuing Resources Cataloging Committee ALA Midwinter, Boston Jan. 17, 2005 Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) Entity-relationship model Entities: Group 1, 2, 3 Relationships Attributes User tasks Find Identify Select Obtain National level record elements (mandatory & optional data)
FRBR IFLA Cataloguing Section s Review Group on FRBR Web Page: http://www.ifla.org/vii/s13/wgfrbr/wgfrbr.htm Work is realized through Expression is embodied in FRBR Group 1 Entities: products of intellectual/ artistic endeavor recursive one many Manifestation is exemplified by Item
What are you cataloging? Author Title Date Etc. FRBR relationship FRBR attribute FRBR attribute What are you cataloging? Clue: Simultaneously issued parts 1 2 3 Issue /Part/ Monograph
What are you cataloging? 1ab 1ac 1ad 2ab 2ac 2ad 3cb 3cd 3ce Item of several physical parts issued simultaneously What are you cataloging? Clue: Successively issued parts Serial
What are you cataloging? Successively issued parts Serial Successively issued parts Updated contents over time/ editions 2001 edition 2003 edition 2005 edition
Serials Cataloging/Entry Earliest Latest Successive Entry Paris Principles, 1961 User perspective to have bib records correspond to citation most like what the user would be looking for One or successive authority records?
What is the user trying to find? An article The whole run of a particular title What is the user trying to find? The whole set of issues of the entire serial through all of its changes
Which user? Users perspective (content) s: citations &/or links: References, bibliographies Abstracting & indexing services Search engines /aggregators Serials: in-depth research OPAC Librarian/publisher perspective (object) Serial (whole run) Subscription, licenses Inventory control (check-in) Storage (shelving) Serials in Group 1 Work The concept/ idea Expression Alpha/numeric notation Narrated Braille Original language and translations Simultaneous language editions Not relevant: fluctuating language, patterns Multiple content editions
AACR2/LCRI major change = new record Different work (different ISSN) Responsible entity changes Person/corporate body (main entry) Corporate qualifier change Same body vs. different body Major change in title Some edition statement changes Clues to different work/expression (attributes) Different expression Translation Audience difference Different frequencies If different content, then different expression (possibly different work) Changes between no numbering & numbering (concurrent vs. sequential) Changes in presence or absence of main series or subseries
Clues to different manifestation/item (attributes) Manifestation Concurrent carriers On paper, microfiche, digitized Audio on cassette, CD, DVD Paperback vs. hardbound (not library vs. regular binding go with how produced) Regular vs. large print (when same content) Different concurrent publishers (or different work/expression) Republications Item Holdings location, call number, copy identifier, barcodes Different digitized remote resources (different aggregators or sources) Authority Records - Now Monographic series Analyzed/not analyzed Classed separately/collected Other types of serials (0.3% of SARs) To avoid analyzing in error (document treatment)
Possible FRBR applications Scenario A - Now Authority Work/ Expression Uniform Title Person Series (work/expression) Uniform Title Concept Bibliographic Manifestation Holding Item Authority Work/ Expression Uniform Title Person/ Corporate body Person/ Corporate body Scenario B Series (work/expression) Uniform Title Concept Bibliographic Manifestation Holding Item
Authority Work/ Expression Uniform Title Person/ Corporate body Person/ Corporate body Scenario C Series (work/expression) Uniform Title Concept Holding Manifestation/ Item
Sample authority record (partial) Fixed fields 010 LCCN 035 System control number 022 1091-6660 $8 1 ISSN 022 1744-9979 $8 2 040 Cataloging source 050 RM173 LC class number 130 Therapeutic apheresis $f Feb. 1997- Dec. 2002 $8 1 130 Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis $f Jan. 2003- $8 2 430 $w d $a Ther Apher Dial $8 2 Another example 1XX Title ABC $f Jan. 1955 Sept. 1986 $8 1 1XX Title ADF $f Oct. 1986 Dec, 2003 $8 2 1XX Title BGH $f Jan. 2004- $8 3 4XX Variant ABCyy $8 1 530 Title P $0 (DLC) n5112345 $w a 530 Title Q $0 (DLC) n4783376 $w a 580 Note to explain P and Q merged to form ABC 852 Link to holdings record $8 1 852 Link to holdings record $8 2 852 Link to holdings record $8 3 852 Link to holdings record for digital $8 1 $8 2 $8 3
Authority, Bib, Holdings Links Now Obtain Control Number Index End-user paper micro CD online
FRBR-ized OPAC Display Therapeutic apheresis <Feb. 1997 - Dec. 2002> Also as: Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis <Jan. 2003- > Digital online Blackwell Synergy URL Aggregator X URL Print on paper Biomed Library RM173.T48 Microfilm Stacks XX5982 Hot linked to holdings records to display locally held issues or directly to online resource that would indicate its own coverage Benefits Collocation of various editions and formats Saves redundant assignments of classification numbers/subject headings May save worrying time about earliest/latest/successive entry Other
Retrospective files? Options Machine-convert to authority & holdings records Let systems make the relationships on ad hoc basis (e.g., guided search engines/cluster searches) Leave as is in bibliographic records Rely on future systems to mine those records Mix: use authority records when multiple expressions &/or manifestations to collocate For Future Systems Clearly label data (attributes, relationships) for future re-packaging/linking of the data Now MARC format content designation MARC 21 MARCXML MODS/MADS
Applications of conceptual model FRBR is conceptual model No application is prescribed Opportunities for the future in new systems designs Greater connection with a&i, digital aggregators Keep user foremost in mind