Volume XX Number 1: January/February 26 The he President as Punchline Political Humor on Late Night TV During the Bush Years Since George W. Bush became President in 21, we have logged 15,4 jokes about public affairs and public figures from the monologues of late night television comics Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. This issue of Media Monitor chronicles the most frequent targets of humor on TV during the first five years of the Bush Presidency. We also compare these results to late night humor during the first five years of Bill Clinton's presidency. Major Findings: *Late-Night Bush Bash Nearly 1 in 4 jokes in 25 targeted President Bush. Page 2 *Comedian's Best Friend Bush has averaged over 5 jokes per year since 21. Page 4 *The Personal Touch Personal jokes about the President outnumber jokes about his policies by 3 to 2. Page 6 *Stupid White Man? Over 4% of all jokes portray Bush as stupid or uninformed. Page 6 *Ire Over Iraq Iraq attracts 4 times as many jokes as any other policy debate. Page 6 *Partisan Punchlines Bush is attracting more jokes than President Clinton did. Page 4
Number of Jokes 25 George W. Bush 544 Michael Jackson 413 Bill Clinton 115 Dick Cheney 82 Robert Blake 8 Martha Stewart 66 Saddam Hussein 6 Arnold Schwarzeneggar 32 Hillary Clinton 31 Tom Delay 26 1 2 3 4 5 6 Note: Based on 2,391 jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. Nearly one quarter (23%) of all jokes about public figures in 25 were directed toward George W. Bush. Michael Jackson's legal trouble and eccentricities placed him solidly in second place. Bill Clinton started and ended the year with partnerships with the president's father to help the victims of the Tsunami in Asia and Hurricane Katrina on the Gulf coast, which provided the comics with enough material to place him in third place. President Bush's second inauguration and his delivery of the State of the Union Address kept him in the punchlines early in 25. Jokes totals spiked again as gas prices rose, and the president traveled to Rome for the Pope's funeral. His highest monthly total in the year came in December, as his poll ratings continued to drop. 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Inauguration 83 74 Bush Jokes es Over er Time 25 4 61 Pope's Funeral and Rising Gas Prices Number of Jokes 52 11 22 27 11 Hurricane Katrina Aftermath 48 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC Note: Based on the number of jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. 2 94 Record Low Poll Numbers Media Monitor January/February 26 Page 2
Total Number of Late-Night Jokes 5 4455 4544 429 4222 4 3 2 1 2453 3471 3264 Election Year 2472 Lewinsky Scandal 3746 Election Year 3222 312 2463 Election Year 2391 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 ' '1 '2 '3 '4 '5 Note: Based on the number of jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien directed toward public figures. The he Bush Year ears 21-25 Number of Jokes The he Clinton Year ears 1993-1997 2 15 1 5 1,112 1,129 476 2 15 1 5 1,112 1,129 281 Leno Letterman O'Brien Leno Letterman O'Brien Note: Based on the number of jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. Media Monitor January/February 26 Page 3
The Bush Year ears -- Number of Michael Jackson 545 Dick Cheney 456 John Kerry 439 Martha Stewart 369 Osama bin Laden 324 Saddam Hussein 321 Al Gore 315 Gary Condit 266 Arnold Schwarzeneggar 266 The President as Punchline Number of Jokes 21-25 Bill Clinton 1,489 George W. Bush 2,723 25 5 75 1 125 15 175 2 225 25 275 Note: Based on 15,4 jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. George W. Bush was the target of 18% of the 15,4 jokes we logged during the first five years of his presidency. During Bill Clinton's first five years in office, he was the target of 16% of the 16,115 jokes about public figures. Fir irst st Fiv ive e Clinton Year ears s -- Jok Jokes es 1993-1997 Bill Clinton 2,522 Bob Dole 993 O.J. Simpson 863 Hillary Rodham Clinton 282 Newt Gingrich 261 Al Gore 237 Ross Perot 226 Jack Kevorkian 189 Bob Packwood 183 Ted Kennedy 169 25 5 75 1 125 15 175 2 225 25 275 Note: Based on 16,115 jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. Media Monitor January/February 26 Page 4
1 Presidential Jokes Over Time 973 8 Clinton 1993-1997 749 6 4 2 518 237 53 314 Bush 21-25 378 374 628 544 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Note: Based on the number of jokes by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien directed toward public figures. The joke counts for George W. Bush and Bill Clinton have followed different trajectories during the first five years of their respective presidencies. Bush attracted more than twice as many jokes as Clinton during his first year in office, but Clinton was targeted more often in the second year, and they received about equal numbers of jokes in the third. As both ran for reelection in the final year of their first term, Bush pulled ahead again. In fact Republican nominee Bob Dole was the butt of more jokes than the incumbent in 1996. Clinton narrowed the gap in the first year of their second terms, leaving Bush with a narrow lead overall. But Bush will be hard-pressed to retain that lead -- the second year of Bill Clinton's second term (1998) began with the Monica Lewinsky scandal. Media Monitor January/February 26 Page 5
Bush Joke Topics 21-25 Clinton Joke Topics 1995-1997* 61% personal 62% personal 38% policy 39% policy n= 2,723 n = 1,819 Top Ten Bush Joke Topics 21-25 1. Knowledge, Intellect 1,124 2. Personal Demeanor 259 3. Iraq 123 4. Long Vacations 83 5. Drinking 77 6. Honesty 56 7. Economy 43 8. Gay Rights 42 9. Terrorism 38 1. Energy Prices 31 Top Ten Clinton Joke Topics 1995-1997 1. Sex Scandals 531 2. Eating 241 3. Personal Demeanor 126 4. Whitewater 87 5. Pop Culture 44 6. Health Care 28 7. Drug Use 22 8. Honesty 22 9. Policy Flip-flops 19 1. War on Drugs 9 *CMPA began noting joke topics in 1995 Note: Based on the topics around which each joke is framed in the monologues by Jay Leno, David Letterman and Conan O Brien. Jokes about both Presidents Bush and Clinton targeted their personal failings and foibles just over 6 percent of the time, while less than 4 percent were aimed at their policies. Bush jokes concentrated heavily on his alleged lack of knowledge and/or intellectual acumen; this single category accounted for over 4 percent of all punchlines. Clinton jokes were more varied, although almost 3 percent of all punchlines focused on his sexual behavior, and another 13 percent concerned his eating habits. Media Monitor January/February 26 Page 6
Examples of Late Night Political Humor President Bush admitted that much of the intelligence we went to war with was faulty. And you can't blame him for relying on faulty intelligence. I mean, it got him through college. Jay Leno, 12/15/5 Historians say the most commonly used phrase during inaugural addresses is, My fellow citizens. However, the most common phrase during President Bush s speech is expected to be, My fellow United Statesers. Conan O'Brien, 1/19/5 According to Newsweek magazine, President Bush is now living in a bubble. And Dick Cheney, of course, is living in an undisclosed bubble. David Letterman, 12/14/5 According to the latest poll, if the election were held today, the Supreme Court would re-elect Bush 7-2. Jay Leno, 9/6/4 At the debate, Bush appeared confident, he appeared relaxed, he appeared calm. That s right, he s drinking again. David Letterman, 9/3/4 The anesthesiologist said they had a little problem using the gas on Bill Clinton. They couldn t get him to inhale. Luckily, John Kerry called, spoke to him for ten minutes, he was out like a light. Jay Leno, 9/6/4 Saddam Hussein turned in his big report on weapons. It s 12, pages long. Still, I understand it s an easier read than Al Gore s new book. That shows you how clever this Saddam Hussein character is. By the time Bush finishes reading this thing, he ll be out of office. Jay Leno, 12/9/2 Today O.J. broke the NBA record for all-time court appearances. David Letterman, 11/2/96 A new survey shows that the majority of people polled, now consider Bob Dole a nice guy. This poll was a random sampling of crotchety old geezers. Conan O'Brien, 5/13/95 Today Newt Gingrich attacked Santa Claus as just another liberal with a give-away program. Jay Leno, 11/3/94 Top 1 Highlights of Clinton's Health Care Plan #5) All medical bills are sent to Ross Perot... David Letterman, 9/17/93 Note: Joke texts may be altered slightly for brevity. Media Monitor January/February 26 Page 7
Media Monitor (Copyright 26) is published bimonthly by the Center for Media and Public Affairs, a nonpartisan and nonprofit research organization. The Center conducts scientific studies of how the media treat social and political issues. Yearly individual and organizational subscriptions are available. E-mail: Mail@cmpa.com On the Web: www.cmpa.com Phone: 22-223-2942 Fax: 22-872-414 Editors: Dr. S. Robert Lichter Dr. Linda S. Lichter Research Director: Daniel Amundson Political Studies Director: Mary Carroll Willi Production and Graphics: Mary Carroll Willi Director of Administration and Publications: Keith Bundy Media Director: Matthew T. Felling Center for Media and Public Affairs 21 L Street, N.W. Suite 3 Washington, D.C. 237 The President as Punchline Political Humor on Late Night TV During the Bush Years