SHAKESPEARE ENG 1-2 (H)
SHAKESPEARE 101 Name: William Shakespeare Date of Birth: April 23, 1564 Place of Birth: Stra>ord-upon-Avon, England Educa5on: Grammar School Married: Anne Hathaway; 1582 Children: 3; Hamnet Shakespeare (died during childhood), Susanna Hall, and Judith Quiney Date of Death: April 23, 1616
SHAKESPEARE: A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY In 1582 at the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway who was 26. She was pregnant before they were married.
LIFE AND TIMES 1590 -- lex his family and moved to London. Became an actor and playwright Part-owner of the Globe Theater 1592 -- Plague closes theaters; reopen in 1593 His theater troupe, The King s Men, gained royal support from King James (Big Deal!) Re`red in 1614 1623 his plays are published in the First Folio 39 plays; 154 sonnets
Comedies All s Well That Ends Well As You Like It The Comedy of Errors Cymbeline Love s Labour s Lost Measure for Measure The Merchant of Venice The Merry Wives of Windsor A Midsummer Night s Dream Much Ado About Nothing Pericles The Taming of the Shrew The Tempest Troilus and Cressida TwelGh Night The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Two Noble Kinsmen The Winter s Tale Histories King John Richard II Henry IV, Part I Henry IV, Part II Henry V Henry VI, Part I Henry VI, Part II Henry VI, Part III Richard III Henry VIII Tragedies Antony and Cleopatra Coriolanus Hamlet Julius Caesar King Lear Macbeth Othello Romeo and Juliet Timon of Athens Titus Andronicus *Cardenio
LEGACY combine natural human conflict with drama`c flair producing entertainment that appeals to the audiences of today as well as the audiences for which they were wriden.
BY THE NUMBERS Introduced almost 3,000 words to the English language Created 1,380 characters Shakespeare was spelled 80 different ways Two play have been translated to Klingon; Hamlet and Much Ado About Nothing
ROMEO & JULIET ENG 5-6
SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY Tragedy n. a play dealing with tragic events and has an unhappy ending, especially one concerning the downfall of the main character
WHAT MAKES IT A SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY? Ends with the death of the tragic hero(es) An element of faith Other people die as part of the tragic chain of events Purpose is to arouse pity and fear in the audience
SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY ELEMENTS The heroes reach a peak in the play of happiness, or achievement AXer, there is a peripateia, where event take a turn for the worse The heroes are in some part responsible for this change of fortunes
ROMEO AND JULIET AND ELIZABETHAN THEATER Shakespeare did not create the story of Romeo and Juliet. In fact, it was done at least twice before. The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet was wriden by Arthur Brooke in 1562. This is considered Shakespeare s chief source for Romeo and Juliet. However, the Roman myth, Thisbe and Pyramus, is also a story with the same plot as Romeo and Juliet.
Setting The story is set in the late 1500s mostly in the town of Verona, Italy. However, there are a few acts set in Mantua, Italy a smaller town just a few miles away.
PLAY STRUCTURE Act I Act II Act III Act IV Act V In a Tragedy Introduc`on Rising Ac`on Climax Falling Ac`on Conclusion R&J Timeline Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
Themes Love The power of love Love as a cause for violence Hate Hate as a forced emotion Fate The inevitability of fate
CHARACTERS
ROMEO - Is a Montague - 16 years old - Cute, smart, sensi`ve and roman`c
LADY MONTAGUE Romeo s Mom
LORD MONTAGUE Romeo s dad Worries about Romeo s sadness
BALTHASAR Romeo s servant
ABRAM Montague s servant Fights Sampson and Gregory in the beginning
BENVOLIO Romeo s cousin & friend Tries to break-up fights and keep the peace.
JULIET is a Capulet, 13 yrs old Juliet is very close with the nurse.
LORD CAPULET Juliet s dad Insists Juliet marry the man he wants her to marry
LADY CAPULET Juliet s mom Ineffectual mother- relies on the nurse to mother Juliet
NURSE Has cared for Juliet since she was born Vulgar, long-winded, loyal and a confidante to Juliet
GREGORY & SAMPSON Servants to the Capulets Start a fight w/ Montagues at the beginning of the play
TYBALT Juliet s cousin Quick tempered; eager to fight
MERCUTIO Related to the prince Good friends W/ Romeo Believes love is about the physical contact and nothing else.
PRINCE ESCALUS Prince of Verona Related to Mercu`o and Paris
COUNT PARIS Related to the prince Preferred by the Capulets to marry Juliet
ROSALINE The woman who Romeo is obsessed with at the beginning of the play.
THE APOTHECARY Like a pharmacist He sells the poison to Romeo. Values money more than morals
FRIAR LAWRENCE Friend to Romeo and Juliet Kind, civic-minded Secretly marries R & J in hopes that their marriage will end the feud. He is a Catholic holy man and also familiar with po`ons and herbs.
LITERARY TERMS
Aside Lines whispered to the audience or to another character (not heard by all the characters on stage) Soliloquy One character gives a long speech
IRONY CONTRAST BETWEEN WHAT APPEARS TO BE AND WHAT REALLY IS Drama5c Irony audience knows something the characters don t Verbal Irony Meaning is different from what is said (sarcasm) Situa5onal Irony Situa`on is not as it appears to be
Personifica5on Give human quali`es to non-human things Allusion reference to another literary work, a historical event or person Pun play on words
Tragedy play in which the main character suffers a major downfall Prologue Introduc`on to a play in which one character sums up & foreshadows future events Prose regular paragraph format with no rhyme or rhythm
Metaphor comparison of two different things
Foreshadowing hints or clues to future events in a story Inference Draw conclusions as to what has already happened
Assonance repe``on of vowel sounds Allitera5on repe``on of consonant sounds
Connota5on meanings we assign to words Denota5on dic`onary defini`ons