Lineside Signals, Indicators and Layout of Signals

Lineside Signals, Indicators and Layout of Signals Synopsis This document defines the format, presentation and layout of lineside signalling equipment that is used to display movement authority information to infrastructure managers operating stations, and railway undertaking personnel. Copyright in the s is owned by Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited. All rights are hereby reserved. No (in whole or in part) may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or means, without the prior written permission of Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited, or as expressly permitted by law. Members are granted copyright licence in accordance with the Constitution Agreement relating to Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited. Content approved by: Control Command and Signalling (CCS) Standards Committee on 1 October 2009 Authorised by on 4 December 2009 In circumstances where Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited has granted a particular person or organisation permission to copy extracts from Railway Group Standards, Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited accepts no responsibility for, and excludes all liability in connection with, the use of such extracts, or any claims arising therefrom. This disclaimer applies to all forms of media in which extracts from s may be reproduced. Published by: Block 2 Angel Square 1 Torrens Street London EC1V 1NY Copyright 2010 Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited

Issue record Issue Date Comments One 6 February 2010 Original document Superseded documents Supply The following Railway Group documents are superseded, either in whole or in part as indicated: Superseded documents GK/RT0031 Issue 4 Lineside Signals and Indicators Sections superseded Date when sections are superseded Whole 3 April 2010 GK/RT0032 Issue 2 Provision of Lineside Signals Whole 3 April 2010 The authoritative version of this document is available at www.rgsonline.co.uk. Uncontrolled copies of this document can be obtained from Communications,, Block 2, Angel Square, 1 Torrens Street, London EC1V 1NY, telephone 020 3142 5400 or e-mail enquiries@rssb.co.uk. s and associated documents can also be viewed at www.rgsonline.co.uk. Page 2 of 73

Contents Section Description Page Part 1 Purpose and Introduction 5 1.1 Purpose 5 1.2 Introduction 5 Part 2 Requirements for Signalling Equipment 8 2.1 Display of operational information using the signalling system 8 2.2 Specification of lineside signals 8 2.3 Specification of route indicators 19 2.4 Specification of lineside indicators 22 2.5 Specification of lineside signs and buffer stops used as signals 29 Part 3 : Requirements for Stop Signals 33 3.1 Provision of stop signals and signalling indicators 33 Part 4 : Aspect Sequences 37 4.1 Requirements for cautionary aspect sequences 37 4.2 Requirements for banner repeating signal aspects 42 Part 5 : Junction Signalling 44 5.1 Requirements for route indications 44 5.2 Junction signalling: colour light signal aspect sequences 47 5.3 Junction signalling: semaphore signal aspect sequences 52 5.4 Junction signalling: AWS requirements 54 5.5 Junction signalling: prohibited aspects 54 Part 6 : Bi-directional Signalling 55 6.1 Bi-directional signalling 55 Part 7 : Combinations of Signal Aspects and Indications 56 7.1 Combinations of signal aspects (including ERTMS level 2 operated lines) 56 7.2 Combinations of signal aspects and route indications 56 7.3 Signalling indications displayed in association with signal aspects 57 Part 8 Degraded Signalling 59 8.1 Degraded colour light signalling 59 Part 9 Signalling Equipment Identities 60 9.1 Identity of signals and indicators 60 Part 10 Application of this Document 62 10.1 Application infrastructure managers 62 10.2 Application railway undertakings 63 10.3 Health and safety responsibilities 63 Appendices Appendix A Signals and Indicators: Emitted Light Parameters 64 Appendix B Signals and Indicators: Structure Requirements 65 Appendix C Signals and Indicators: Standard Performance Categories 66 Appendix D Positioning Criteria for Stop Signals on Electrified Lines 67 Definitions 70 Abbreviations and acronyms 72 References 73 Page 3 of 73

Tables Table 1 Colour light signal ON and OFF aspects 8 Table 2 Banner repeating signals ON and OFF aspects 12 Table 3 Independent position light signals ON and OFF aspects 13 Table 4 Subsidiary position light signals associated with a colour light signal: ON and OFF aspects 14 Table 5 Independent position light signals (limit of shunt) aspect 14 Table 6 Semaphore main stop signal ON and OFF aspects 15 Table 7 Semaphore distant signal ON and OFF aspects 17 Table 8 Semaphore subsidiary signal ON and OFF aspects 18 Table 9 Semaphore shunting signal ON and OFF aspects 19 Table 10 Position light junction indicator: displayed route indications 20 Table 11 Preliminary route indicators: displayed indications 22 Table 12 Points indicator: displayed indications 22 Table 13 Driver s level crossing indicator: displayed indications 23 Table 14 Loading / unloading indicator: displayed indications 24 Table 15 SPAD indicator: displayed indications 25 Table 16 OFF indicator: displayed indications 26 Table 17 CD and RA indicators: displayed indications 27 Table 18 BU indicators: displayed indications 27 Table 19 TPWS indications 28 Table 20 Permitted combinations of TPWS, points and / or LC indications 29 Table 21 Stop board: permitted dimensions 30 Table 22 Methods of junction signalling 47 Table 23 Speed ranges for flashing aspect sequences 48 Table 24 Permitted combinations of signal aspects 56 Table 25 Permitted combinations of signals and route indicators 57 Table 26 Permitted combinations of signals and route indicators 58 Table A1 Colour classes for signal lights 64 Table C1 Standard performance categories 66 Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Example of a 4-aspect colour light splitting distant signal (left-hand divergence) mounted on the left-hand side of the line 10 Banner repeating signal aspect meeting standard performance category 2 12 Figure 3 Semaphore main stop signal arm 15 Figure 4 Distant signal arm 16 Figure 5 Semaphore subsidiary signal arm 17 Figure 6 Semaphore shunting signals 18 Figure 7 Position light junction indicator (example shows position 1) 19 Figure 8 Orientation of position light junction indications relative to diverging routes 20 Figure 9 SPAD indicator 25 Figure 10 Stop board 30 Figure 11 Distant board 31 Figure 12 Buffer beam: format and colour 32 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Example of a 3-aspect to 4-aspect transition using transition method 1 39 Example of a 3-aspect to 4-aspect transition using transition method 2 39 Example of a 3-aspect to 4-aspect transition using transition method 3 40 Semaphore junction signal: examples of main signals displaying stepped multiple semaphore arms 53 Semaphore junction signal: examples of main signals displaying stacked multiple semaphore arms 53 Page 4 of 73

Part 1 Purpose and Introduction 1.1 Purpose 1.1.1 The purpose of this document is to specify the parameters and application of lineside signalling equipment that is used to display information about movement authorities, equipment status and required operations to infrastructure managers at stations and railway undertaking personnel. This document mandates the requirements for: a) The format and presentation of signals and their displayed aspects b) The format and presentation of indicators and their displayed indications c) The permitted combinations of signals and indicators d) The criteria for positioning signals within the layout e) The permitted type(s) of lineside signal and their application constraints f) The permitted sequences of signal aspects and indications displayed to drivers g) The forms of signal identification necessary to support communication of safety related operational messages between train crew and signallers. 1.1.2 Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of this document are applicable to areas where train movements are controlled using lineside signalling. 1.1.3 Parts 2, 4 and 7 of this document include some requirements (set out in 2.4.5, 2.4.6 and 7.1) applicable to areas where train movements are controlled using the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) Level 2 without lineside signals. Where this is the case, the particular applicability to ERTMS is described in the section heading and the applicable clause(s). 1.2 Introduction 1.2.1 Background 1.2.1.1 Lineside signals and indicators are provided by the infrastructure manager where it is necessary to display information about movement authorities, equipment status and / or required operations to railway undertaking personnel, including train crew (for example, drivers, shunters and guards) and station staff (for example, train dispatchers). 1.2.1.2 Movement authority information displayed by lineside signalling equipment includes information about: a) The extent of the movement authority issued by the signaller or ground frame operator (depicted by the sequence of signal aspects) b) The route that is set and the destination (depicted by combinations of signal aspects and route indications). 1.2.1.3 At some locations, movement authority information is supplemented by additional information relating to the train operation, typically: a) Infrastructure equipment status (for example, locally monitored level crossings), and b) Operational information (for example, Close doors ). Page 5 of 73

1.2.1.4 Railway undertaking personnel are able to: a) Understand the operational rules that are associated with the aspects and indications displayed by signalling equipment b) Understand the movement authorities issued by the infrastructure manager using: i) The sequence of displayed signal aspects and indications ii) iii) Knowledge of the route and the geographical location Knowledge of the required train movement c) Control the movement of trains within the limits of the movement authority d) Identify and report signal aspect and indication irregularities. 1.2.1.5 This document provides for infrastructure managers and railway undertakings compatibility in terms of understanding the information conveyed by signal aspects and indications. Incompatibility is a causal factor of an operational irregularity such as a signal passed at danger (SPAD). 1.2.2 Principles 1.2.2.1 The GE/RT8000 Rule Book sets out: a) The operational meaning of signal aspects and indications displayed by the infrastructure manager b) The rules for train driving, which include the requirement to control the speed of the train with respect to the aspects and indications displayed by signals c) The rules for shunting d) The rules for train dispatch e) The rules for reporting signalling system failures. 1.2.2.2 The lineside signalling equipment is compatible with the operating rules, so that operating personnel can correctly interpret the information displayed by the signalling system. 1.2.2.3 The standard performance requirements applicable to lineside signals and indicators are specified, so that displayed aspects and indications are visible to the driver. 1.2.2.4 The layout of signalling equipment is specified so that, when train movements take place, drivers are given sufficient and appropriate movement authority information. 1.2.3 Related requirements in other documents 1.2.3.1 The following s contain requirements that are relevant to the scope of this document: GC/RT5021 GE/RT8000 GE/RT8030 Track System Requirements Rule Book Requirements for a Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS) Page 6 of 73

GE/RT8035 GE/RT8037 GE/RT8071 GK/RT0075 GK/RT0044 GO/RT3215 Automatic Warning System Signal Position and Visibility Control Facilities for Use during Lineside Signalling Failures Lineside Signal Spacing and Permissible Speeds Controls for Signalling a Train onto an Occupied Line Requirements for the Weekly Operating Notice, Periodical Operating Notice and Sectional Appendix. 1.2.4 Supporting documents 1.2.4.1 GK/GN0645 Guidance on. Page 7 of 73

Part 2 Requirements for Signalling Equipment 2.1 Display of operational information using the signalling system 2.1.1 Signalled movement authorities shall: a) Be displayed only by the lineside signals and route indicators set out in this standard (see 2.2, 2.3 and 2.5), except where lineside operational signs are used to display information about movement authorities in accordance with GK/RT0055, and b) Be displayed only using the sequences and combinations of signal aspects and indications set out in this standard (see Parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8). 2.1.2 Signalling indications shall be displayed only by the lineside indicators set out in this standard (see 2.4). 2.1.3 The observed colour of light emitted by lineside signals and indicators shall comply with specified parameters (see Appendix A). 2.1.4 Lineside signal and indicator structures shall comply with specified parameters (see Appendix B). 2.1.5 Lineside signals shall be identified (see Part 9). 2.2 Specification of lineside signals 2.2.1 Colour light signal 2.2.1.1 Colour light signals shall only display the signal aspects set out in Table 1. Signal aspect (see Appendix A) Description MA information Remarks One signal red light RED End of MA For application requirements see 3.1 One signal yellow light Two signal yellow lights displayed vertically SINGLE YELLOW DOUBLE YELLOW End of MA ahead Approaching end of MA For application requirements see 4.1 For application requirements see 4.1 One signal yellow flashing light FLASHING SINGLE YELLOW Diverging route set at the next signal For application requirements see 5.2.3 Two signal yellow flashing lights displayed vertically FLASHING DOUBLE YELLOW Approaching a diverging junction For application requirements see 5.2.3 One signal green light GREEN Line clear Table 1 Colour light signal ON and OFF aspects Page 8 of 73

2.2.1.2 Colour light signals shall display the relevant signal aspect at all times, except: a) For those signals that are configured as approach lit signals (see 4.1.8), and b) Where the signalling technology used incorporates self-testing functionality that requires a brief interruption of the displayed aspect at defined intervals, in which case each interruption shall not exceed 250 ms. 2.2.1.3 Except for splitting distant signals (see 2.2.2) and co-acting signals (see 2.2.3): a) Each colour light signal shall display only one signal aspect at a time, and b) No other combination of colour light signal lights shall be displayed by colour light signals. 2.2.1.4 Colour light signal lights that are designed to flash shall comply with the following criteria: a) Flash at a frequency of 60 (+/-10) cycles per minute b) Have a mark:space ratio that provides visibility of the signal light for 50% - 66% of each flashing cycle when observed in accordance with the relevant standard performance category (see Appendix C) c) Flash in synchronism within the signal head when the flashing double yellow aspect is displayed d) Flash in synchronism throughout the primary and co-acting signal heads when flashing aspects are displayed by co-acting signals. 2.2.1.5 Each colour light signal light shall have an apparent light source that: a) Has a diameter of 210 mm (-10mm/+20 mm), and b) Meets the colour requirements set out in Appendix A. 2.2.1.6 Where the colour light signal head incorporates multiple signal light sources (for example, to display a double yellow aspect), the two illuminated signal light apertures shall be vertically aligned with a centre to centre separation of 510 (+20/-10 mm). 2.2.1.7 Except where signal sighting can be consistently achieved without a backboard (for example, where a signal is positioned in a dark environment), a backboard shall be provided with each colour light signal (see Appendix C). 2.2.1.8 Where the backboard is incorporated into the signal head, it shall have the following dimensions: a) 300 mm (minimum) from the centre of the top signal light aperture to the top edge of the signal backboard b) 300 mm (minimum) from the centre of the signal light aperture to the left and right side edges of the signal backboard c) 180 mm (minimum) from the centre of the bottom signal light aperture to the bottom edge of the signal backboard. 2.2.1.9 Where a separate backboard is provided behind the signal head, it shall be of sufficient size to appear no smaller than a signal head mounted backboard. Page 9 of 73

2.2.1.10 Long-range colour light signals shall comply with standard performance category 1 (see Appendix C). 2.2.1.11 Short-range colour light signals shall comply with standard performance category 2 (see Appendix C). 2.2.2 Colour light signal configured as a splitting distant signal 2.2.2.1 The application requirements for splitting distant signals are set out in 5.2.6. 2.2.2.2 Splitting distant signals shall incorporate two colour light signal heads (see 2.2.1), referred to as the primary head and the offset head. 2.2.2.3 The primary head and offset head shall: a) Be mounted so that the horizontal separation between signal light centres in the two signal heads is 600 mm 900 mm, and b) Be positioned and aligned so that horizontally displayed signal lights appear level to the train driver (see example in Figure 1). 2.2.2.4 The splitting distant signal shall be positioned so that the primary head is located as near as practicable to the driver s line of sight, that is to say: a) For signals mounted on the left-hand side of the line, the primary head shall be mounted to the right-hand side of the offset head (see example in Figure 1) b) For signals mounted on the right-hand side of the line, the primary head shall be mounted to the left-hand side of the offset head. Y PRIMARY HEAD OFFSET HEAD Y Y In 4-aspect areas, the top yellow light in the offset head should appear horizontally aligned with the bottom yellow light in the primary head 600 900 All dimensions are in millimetres Figure 1 Example of a 4-aspect colour light splitting distant signal (left-hand divergence) mounted on the left-hand side of the line 2.2.2.5 Splitting distant colour light signals shall comply with standard performance category 1 (see Appendix C). Page 10 of 73

2.2.3 Co-acting signals (colour light signal and semaphore signal) 2.2.3.1 Co-acting signals shall incorporate: a) Primary signal and, where relevant, route indicator equipment that is positioned to provide the required long-distance signal sighting and readability, as set out in GE/RT8037, and b) Co-acting signal and route indicator equipment that displays the same form (that is to say, colour light or semaphore) of signal aspect and route indication as the primary equipment, and positioned to provide the required close-up signal sighting and readability, as set out in GE/RT8037. 2.2.3.2 The primary and co-acting signal and route indicator equipment shall meet the same standard performance requirements (see Appendix C), except where there is insufficient space to provide compatible equipment, in which case: a) The primary signal and route indicator equipment shall meet the appropriate standard performance requirement compatible with the long-distance signal sighting and readability, and b) The co-acting signal head and route indicator equipment shall meet the standard performance requirement that is appropriate for close-up signal sighting and readability. 2.2.3.3 The same main signal aspect and route indication shall be displayed by the primary and co-acting signals at all times. 2.2.3.4 The same subsidiary / shunting aspect and route indication shall be displayed by the primary and co-acting signals at all times, except at signals where subsidiary / shunting aspects and route indications are omitted from the primary signal. 2.2.3.5 Subsidiary / shunting signal aspects and route indications shall only be omitted from the primary signal if the co-acting signal equipment, on its own, provides the required sighting and readability for these aspects. 2.2.3.6 Signals shall only display movement authorities towards co-acting signals when both the primary and co-acting signals are detected to be displaying the correct signal aspect, except when a failure of the second yellow light of a double yellow aspect in either the primary signal or co-acting signal means results in one signal displaying a more restrictive single yellow aspect in error. 2.2.4 Banner repeating signal 2.2.4.1 Banner repeating signals shall consist of a rectangular black or unlit bar, contrasted against a circular illuminated background. 2.2.4.2 2-state banner repeating signals shall comply with standard performance category 2 (see Appendix C), except at locations where the signal sighting and readability requirement (as set out in GE/RT8037) is compatible with the use of a standard performance category 3 banner repeating signal (for example, in a station platform where all trains start from rest). 2.2.4.3 3-state banner repeating signals shall comply with (see Appendix C): a) Standard performance category 1 in terms of distinguishing a green OFF aspect from a white OFF aspect, and b) Standard performance category 2 in terms of readability of the white ON and white OFF aspect. Page 11 of 73

2.2.4.4 The format and dimensions of a standard performance category 2 banner repeating signal that displays an aspect using direct transmission of light (for example, fibre-optic and light-emitting diode (LED) signals), shall be as shown in Figure 2. ILLUMINATED AREA BAR (BLACK OR UNLIT) ILLUMINATED AREA -0 200 +0 150 +6-0 -12 150 +6 All dimensions in millimetres. Figure 2 Banner repeating signal aspect meeting standard performance category 2 2.2.4.5 Category 3 banner repeating signals shall display the same relative proportions of black and illuminated areas as performance category 2 banner repeating signals, as shown in Figure 2, and meet the performance requirement for signal readability (see Appendix C). 2.2.4.6 Where white light is reflected or used to silhouette a moveable black bar (2-state banner signal only), the banner repeating signal shall comply with the equipment performance requirement for signal readability (see Appendix C). 2.2.4.7 Banner repeating signal ON and OFF aspects shall be as set out in Table 2. Aspect (see Appendix A) Description MA information Remarks A horizontal black bar against a signal white background Banner ON The associated signal is the end of the MA See 4.2.1.2b and 4.2.1.4c A black bar angled at 45 o +/- 5 o in the upper quadrant position against a signal white background White Banner OFF 2-state banner repeating signal The associated signal is OFF 3-state banner repeating signal The associated signal is displaying a cautionary aspect See 4.2.1.2a See 4.2.1.4b A black bar angled at 45 o +/- 5 o in the upper quadrant position against a signal green background Green Banner OFF Line clear See 4.2.1.4a Table 2 Banner repeating signals ON and OFF aspects Page 12 of 73

2.2.4.8 Splitting banner repeating signals shall incorporate two banner repeating signal heads. 2.2.4.9 The dimension between the centre of the two signal heads of a splitting banner repeating signal shall be: a) 1000 mm (+/- 100 mm) in the horizontal plane, and b) 500 mm (+/- 50 mm) in the vertical plane, except where there is no obvious straight ahead route at the junction, in which case the two signal heads shall be positioned at the same level. 2.2.5 Position light signal (including ERTMS level 2 fitted lines) 2.2.5.1 The requirements for provision of stop signals, including position light signals, are set out in 3.1.2. 2.2.5.2 Position light signals shall display ON and OFF aspects by means of the position and colour of lights. 2.2.5.3 Independent position light signals shall only display one of the aspects set out in Table 3 at a time. 2.2.5.4 Independent position light signals that display the ON aspect using two yellow lights shall only be provided by exception and only as a direct replacement for an existing semaphore yellow shunting disc signal or existing yellow/white position light signal. Aspect Description MA information Two signal red lights ON End of MA horizontally displayed Two signal yellow lights horizontally displayed ON End of MA for movements travelling in the direction(s) to which the signal can be cleared Two lunar white lights displayed at an upper quadrant angle of 45 o OFF Shunting MA Two lunar white flashing lights displayed at an upper quadrant angle of 45 o OFF Degraded MA Table 3 Independent position light signals ON and OFF aspects 2.2.5.5 Position light signals associated with a colour light signal shall only display one of the aspects set out in Table 4 at a time. Aspect Description MA information No light displayed ON Obey colour light signal aspect Two lunar white lights displayed at an upper quadrant angle of 45 o in association with a colour light signal red aspect OFF Permissive MA (For calling-on movements, the section ahead is occupied) Page 13 of 73

Aspect Description MA information Two lunar white flashing lights displayed at an upper quadrant angle of 45 o with or without a colour light signal red aspect OFF Degraded MA Table 4 Subsidiary position light signals associated with a colour light signal: ON and OFF aspects 2.2.5.6 Position light signals used to mark the limit of shunt for a movement in the opposite direction to the signalled flow of traffic shall continuously display the ON aspect set out in Table 5. Aspect Description MA information Two signal red lights ON End of MA horizontally displayed Table 5 Independent position light signals (limit of shunt) aspect 2.2.5.7 Where independent position light signals that display the aspects set out in Table 3 are to be added to an existing signalling layout that includes independent position light signals that display a different form of ON aspect, the signalling layout shall be designed so that: a) Drivers will not observe the different forms of ON aspect at the same time during train movements, and b) The transition between the different forms of ON aspect is clearly defined. 2.2.5.8 Position light signal aspects that are designed to flash shall: a) Flash at a frequency of 60 (+/- 10) cycles per minute b) Have a mark:space ratio that provides visibility of the signal light for 50% - 66% of each flashing cycle when observed in accordance with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.2.5.9 Position light signals shall comply with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.2.6 Semaphore main stop signal and distant signal 2.2.6.1 Semaphore main stop signals shall display aspects by means of a rectangular semaphore signal arm and coloured lights. 2.2.6.2 Semaphore main stop signals shall comply with standard performance category 4 (see Appendix C), except where a signal is provided to authorise train movements from a goods line or siding(s) onto a passenger line. In such cases the semaphore main stop signal shall comply with either standard performance category 4 or standard performance category 2, whichever is appropriate for the signal sighting and readability requirement. 2.2.6.3 The colour, format and dimensions of semaphore main stop signal arms meeting performance category 4 shall be as shown in Figure 3. Page 14 of 73

2.2.6.4 The dimensions of semaphore main stop signal arms meeting performance category 2 shall be as set out in 2.2.8 and as shown in Figure 6, except where a larger standard performance category 2 signal arm is provided to maintain consistency with an existing signalling layout. 1060 mm 318 mm 178 mm 260 mm SIGNAL POST END FRONT VIEW 178 mm 318 mm SIGNAL POST END BACK VIEW RED BS 381C shade 537 BLACK WHITE Tolerance on all dimensions: ± 5% Figure 3 Semaphore main stop signal arm 2.2.6.5 Semaphore main stop signals shall only display the ON and OFF aspects, as set out in Table 6. Aspect Description MA information a) Signal arm horizontal (+5 o /-5 o ) ON End of MA b) Signal red light (see Appendix A) a) Signal arm raised or lowered by an angle of 45 (+20 o /-10 o ) OFF Signal section clear b) Signal green light (see Appendix A) Table 6 Semaphore main stop signal ON and OFF aspects Page 15 of 73

2.2.6.6 Semaphore distant signals shall display aspects by means of a rectangular semaphore signal arm with a fishtail end and coloured lights. 2.2.6.7 Semaphore distant signals shall comply with standard performance category 4 (see Appendix C). 2.2.6.8 The colour, format and dimensions of semaphore distant signal arms shall be as shown in Figure 4. 1060 mm 241 mm 210 mm 260 mm 25 mm SIGNAL POST END 25 mm 102 mm FRONT VIEW 210 mm 241 mm SIGNAL POST END BACK VIEW 190 mm YELLOW BS 381C shade 356 BLACK WHITE Tolerance on all dimensions: ± 5% Figure 4 Distant signal arm 2.2.6.9 Semaphore distant signals shall only display the ON and OFF aspects set out in Table 7. Page 16 of 73

Aspect Description MA information a) Signal arm horizontal (+5 o /-5 o ) b) Signal yellow light (see Appendix A) ON End of MA ahead a) Signal arm raised or lowered by an angle of 45 (+20 o /-10 o ) OFF b) Signal green light (see Appendix A) Line clear (see 4.1.6.1b) Table 7 Semaphore distant signal ON and OFF aspects 2.2.7 Semaphore subsidiary signal 2.2.7.1 Semaphore subsidiary signals shall be provided in accordance with GK/RT0044. 2.2.7.2 Semaphore subsidiary signals shall display aspects by means of a rectangular semaphore signal arm, and coloured lights, positioned below the main arm of the semaphore stop signal that it is associated with and on the same signal post. 2.2.7.3 The colour, format and dimensions of semaphore subsidiary signal arms shall be as shown in Figure 5. 533mm 77mm 41mm FRONT VIEW 159mm SIGNAL POST END RED BS 381C shade 537 SIGNAL POST END 115mm 152mm BLACK WHITE BACK VIEW Tolerance on all dimensions: ± 5% Figure 5 Semaphore subsidiary signal arm 2.2.7.4 Semaphore subsidiary signals shall comply with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.2.7.5 Semaphore subsidiary signals shall display only the ON and OFF aspects, as set out in Table 8. Page 17 of 73

Aspect Description MA information a) Arm horizontal (+5 o /-5 o ) Obey associated b) Signal white light (see ON semaphore stop signal Appendix A) a) Arm raised or lowered by angle of 45 (+20 o /-10 o ) OFF Permissive MA b) Signal green light (see Appendix A) Table 8 Semaphore subsidiary signal ON and OFF aspects 2.2.8 Semaphore shunting signal 2.2.8.1 Semaphore shunting signals shall be provided in accordance with 3.1.2. 2.2.8.2 Semaphore shunting signals shall display aspects using either one of the following: a) A miniature rectangular semaphore arm and coloured lights b) A semaphore disc and coloured lights c) A semaphore disc illuminated by floodlighting. 2.2.8.3 The colour, format and dimensions of semaphore shunting signals shall be as shown in Figure 6, except where a larger standard performance category 3 signal is provided to maintain consistency with an existing signalling layout. 146mm 102mm 146mm FRONT VIEW DISC TYPE BACK VIEW DISC TYPE 533mm 152mm 115mm 159mm FRONT VIEW ARM TYPE SIGNAL POST END RED BS 381C shade 537 115mm 152mm BLACK SIGNAL POST END WHITE BACK VIEW ARM TYPE Tolerance on all dimensions: ± 5% Figure 6 Semaphore shunting signals Page 18 of 73

2.2.8.4 Semaphore shunting signals shall comply with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.2.8.5 Semaphore shunting signals shall display only the ON and OFF aspects, as set out in Table 9. Aspect Description MA information a) Disc with red bar horizontal (+5 o /-5 o ) or Red and white horizontal (+5 o /-5 o ) arm b) Signal red light displayed (see Appendix A) #1 a) Disc turned 45 (+20 o /-10 o ) or Arm raised or lowered by angle of 45 (+20 o /-10 o ) b) Signal green light displayed (see Appendix A) #1 ON OFF End of MA Shunting MA #1 - Not required where a semaphore disc is illuminated by floodlighting Table 9 Semaphore shunting signal ON and OFF aspects 2.3 Specification of route indicators 2.3.1 Position light junction indicator 2.3.1.1 Position light junction indicators shall only be provided in association with colour light signals (see 5.1.1). 2.3.1.2 Position light junction indicators shall display the indication of route using a line of five lunar white light points (see Appendix A) orientated, as shown in Figure 7. 764 Max. 704 Min between centreline of lenses Position 1 (45 o ) 600 Min 176 Min Position 4 (45 o ) Position 2 (90 o ) Position 5 (90 o ) Position 3 (135 o ) Position 6 (135 o ) All dimensions are in millimetres Figure 7 Position light junction indicator (example shows position 1) 2.3.1.3 Position light junction indicators shall be positioned either above or to one side of the associated colour light signal head to provide the required signal sighting and readability of the combined signal aspects and route indications. 2.3.1.4 The separation distance between an illuminated signal light and the nearest lunar white light point shall be 550 mm (min) and 1230 mm (max). Page 19 of 73

2.3.1.5 Where position light junction indicators are provided for more than one diverging route, they shall be orientated according to the order in which the divergences occur in the manner set out in Figure 8, commencing on each side at positions 1 and 4, as set out in Table 10. Signal Position light junction indication Route information ON None No MA OFF None MA for straight-ahead route OFF Position 1 MA for divergence to left OFF Position 2 MA for divergence to left more extreme than that for position 1 indication OFF Position 3 MA for divergence to left more extreme than that for position 2 indication OFF Position 4 MA for divergence to right OFF Position 5 MA for divergence to right more extreme than that for position 4 indication OFF Position 6 MA for divergence to right more extreme than that for position 5 indication Table 10 Position light junction indicator: displayed route indications POSITION 3 POSITION 2 POSITION 1 NO INDICATION NO INDICATION POSITION 4 POSITION 5 POSITION 6 Figure 8 Orientation of position light junction indications relative to diverging routes 2.3.1.6 Position light junction indicators shall comply with standard performance category 1 (see Appendix C). 2.3.2 Alphanumeric route indicator (including ERTMS level 2 operated lines) 2.3.2.1 The requirements for provision of route indicators at junction signals are set out in 5.1.1. Page 20 of 73

2.3.2.2 Alphanumeric route indicators shall display the indication of route in the form of an illuminated alphanumeric display, coloured signal white. 2.3.2.3 The alphanumeric character font shall approximate to Gill Sans light. 2.3.2.4 Alphanumeric route indicators shall display the indication of route using one or more of the following characters: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 A B C D E F G H K L M N O P R S T U V W X Y Z 2.3.2.5 The following limitations on the form of alphanumeric indications shall be applied: a) O and V shall only be used in combination with other letters where it is necessary to describe a geographic meaning b) When used in conjunction with a subsidiary signal, C and S shall be reserved for indicating the class of movement c) X shall only be used to indicate movements towards a limit of shunt d) Combinations BU, CD, RA and OFF shall not be used. 2.3.2.6 Where an alphanumeric indication uses more than one character, the minimum distance between the outermost points on adjacent characters shall be 20% of character height. 2.3.2.7 Standard alphanumeric route indicators shall comply with standard performance category 2 (see Appendix C). 2.3.2.8 Miniature alphanumeric route indicators shall comply with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.3.3 Preliminary route indicator 2.3.3.1 The requirements for provision of preliminary route indicators are set out in 5.1.4. 2.3.3.2 The displayed preliminary route indication shall be displayed in the form of a signal white illuminated arrow against a black background, as set out in Table 11. Indication Route information Indication Route information Junction signal is displaying the ON aspect Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for the straight-ahead route No indication Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for a divergence to the left Position 0 Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for a divergence to the right Position 1 Position 4 Page 21 of 73

Indication Route information Indication Route information Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for a divergence to the left more extreme than position 1 Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for a divergence to the right more extreme than position 4 Position 2 Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for a divergence to the left more extreme than position 2 Position 5 Junction signal is displaying an OFF aspect for a divergence to the right more extreme than position 5 Position 3 Position 6 Table 11 Preliminary route indicators: displayed indications 2.3.3.3 Only one preliminary route indication shall be displayed at a time. 2.3.3.4 Preliminary route indicators shall comply with standard performance category 2 (see Appendix C). 2.4 Specification of lineside indicators 2.4.1 Points indicator 2.4.1.1 Points indicators shall be provided in accordance with 3.1.5. 2.4.1.2 Points indicators shall display the indications set out in Table 12. Indication Equipment status Signal red flashing light Signal red light (see 2.4.1.4) Points not set No indication (see 2.4.1.4) Signal yellow light Points are correctly set Table 12 Points indicator: displayed indications 2.4.1.3 The indications displayed by points indicators in combination with a TPWS indicator and stop boards are set out in 2.4.8. 2.4.1.4 A points indicator that displays only a yellow light or a steady red light / yellow light shall only be provided on lines where it is necessary to display consistent indications along a line of route already fitted with this form of indication. Page 22 of 73

2.4.1.5 The points indicator red flashing light shall: a) Flash at a frequency of 120 (+/-6) cycles per minute, and b) Emit light for a nominal 100 ms of each flashing cycle. 2.4.1.6 Points indicators shall comply with (see Appendix C): a) Standard performance category 3 for the yellow indication, and b) 600 m readability distance for the steady or flashing red light. 2.4.2 Driver s level crossing indicator (including ERTMS operated lines) 2.4.2.1 The requirements for provision of driver s level crossing indicators are set out in GK/RT0192. 2.4.2.2 Drivers level crossing indicators shall display the indications set out in Table 13. Indication Equipment status Remarks Signal red flashing light Level crossing equipment is not operating correctly Signal white flashing light Level crossing equipment is correctly operating Not provided where the level crossing indication is displayed at a stop board (see 2.4.8) Table 13 Driver s level crossing indicator: displayed indications 2.4.2.3 The indications displayed by drivers level crossing indicators associated with a TPWS indicator at a stop board are set out in 2.4.8. 2.4.2.4 The driver s level crossing indicator red flashing light shall: a) Flash at a frequency of 120 (+/-6) cycles per minute, and b) Emit light for a nominal 100 ms of each flashing cycle. 2.4.2.5 The driver s level crossing indicator white flashing light shall: a) Flash at a frequency of 60 (min) to 90 (max) cycles per minute, and b) Have a mark:space ratio that provides visibility of the signal light for 50% - 66% of each flashing cycle when observed in accordance with standard performance category 1 (see Appendix C). 2.4.2.6 Drivers level crossing indicators shall comply with: a) Standard performance category 1 for the white flashing light, and b) 600 m readability distance for the red flashing light (see Appendix C). Page 23 of 73

2.4.3 Loading / unloading indicator 2.4.3.1 The requirements for provision of loading / unloading indicators are set out in 3.1.6. 2.4.3.2 Loading / unloading indicators shall display the indications set out in Table 14. Indication MA information Indication MA information One signal white light between two signal red lights The operator requires the train to stop Three white lights vertically aligned The operator requires the train to move slowly in the normal direction for loading or unloading Three white lights angled at 45 o to horizontal The operator requires the train to prepare to stop Indicators are not in use Three flashing white lights angled at 45 o to horizontal The operator requires the train to move slowly in the opposite direction to that required for loading or unloading No displayed indication Table 14 Loading / unloading indicator: displayed indications 2.4.3.3 Each loading / unloading indicator shall display only one of the permitted indications at a time. 2.4.3.4 The loading / unloading indicator flashing aspect shall: a) Flash at a frequency of 60 (+/-10) cycles per minute, and b) Have a mark:space ratio that provides visibility of the signal light for 50% - 66% of each flashing cycle when observed in accordance with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.4.3.5 Loading / unloading indicators shall comply with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.4.4 SPAD indicator 2.4.4.1 SPAD indicators shall only be provided as a means of mitigating the consequence of a signal passed at danger (SPAD) (see GI/RT7006). 2.4.4.2 SPAD indicators shall display the indications set out in Table 15. Page 24 of 73

Indication Description MA information The signal to which the SPAD indicator applies has been passed without authority Train has passed the end of movement authority One steady signal red light vertically aligned between two signal red flashing lights No indication No SPAD detected No SPAD detected Table 15 SPAD indicator: displayed indications 2.4.4.3 The two flashing red lamps shall: a) Flash in synchronism at a frequency of 60 (+/-10) cycles per minute b) Have a mark:space ratio that provides visibility of the illuminated indication for 50% - 66% of each flashing cycle when observed by a driver. 2.4.4.4 The SPAD indicator assembly shall comply with the format and dimensions shown in Figure 9. 2.4.4.5 SPAD indicators shall comply with standard performance category 2 and be capable of attracting the driver s attention: a) When it is on the periphery of a driver s vision at angles to the centre line of 30 o b) At a distance of 100 m c) In an environment with other bright background lights. 300 min 300 min 300 min SIGNAL LIGHT APERTURE 255 +10 / -5 SIGNAL BACKBOARD (BLUE - BS 381C shade 109) 255 +10 / -5 180 min 200 min All dimensions are in millimetres Figure 9 SPAD indicator Page 25 of 73

2.4.4.6 Where provided, SPAD indicators shall be positioned and aligned so that drivers approaching the point of conflict have a clear view of the indicator and have the greatest opportunity of stopping the train before the point of conflict is reached. 2.4.5 OFF indicator (including ERTMS level 2 operated lines) 2.4.5.1 OFF indicators shall be provided at stations in accordance with GE/RT8060. 2.4.5.2 OFF indicators shall only display the indications set out in Table 16. Indication Operational information Associated signal is displaying an ON aspect OFF Associated signal is displaying an OFF aspect UP OFF or OFF UP The associated up direction signal is displaying an OFF aspect DN OFF or OFF DN The associated down direction signal is displaying an OFF aspect Table 16 OFF indicator: displayed indications 2.4.5.3 The illuminated OFF indication shall be coloured signal white. 2.4.5.4 The character font shall approximate to Gill Sans light. 2.4.5.5 Where lineside signals are provided, an OFF indicator shall display the relevant OFF indication only when the signal(s) to which it applies is displaying an OFF aspect. No indication shall be displayed at all other times. 2.4.5.6 In ERTMS operated areas, an OFF indicator shall display 'OFF' only when a train has confirmed that it has received an in-cab movement authority to pass the node to which the OFF indicator applies. No indication shall be displayed at all other times. 2.4.5.7 OFF indicators shall comply with standard performance category 5 (see Appendix C). 2.4.6 CD indicator and RA Indicator (including ERTMS level 2 operated lines) 2.4.6.1 CD and RA indicators shall be provided at stations in accordance with GE/RT8060. 2.4.6.2 A self-restoring, secure operating device shall be provided for use by train dispatchers. 2.4.6.3 The indicator shall display the relevant indication only when the associated control device has been operated. 2.4.6.4 In ERTMS operated areas, a right away indicator shall display 'RA' only when a train has confirmed that it has received an in-cab movement authority to pass the node to which the right away indicator applies. 2.4.6.5 CD and RA indicators shall only display the relevant indications set out in Table 17. Page 26 of 73

Indication Operational information Station operations are not complete CD RA CLOSE DOORS RIGHT AWAY Table 17 CD and RA indicators: displayed indications 2.4.6.6 Where a CD indicator is provided in conjunction with an RA indicator, the RA indication shall supersede the CD indication. 2.4.6.7 The illuminated indication shall be coloured signal white. 2.4.6.8 The character font shall approximate to Gill Sans light. 2.4.6.9 CD indicators and RA indicators shall comply with standard performance category 5 (see Appendix C). 2.4.7 BU indicator 2.4.7.1 BU indicators shall be provided in accordance with GK/RT0192. 2.4.7.2 Where provided, BU indicators shall be positioned at a distance beyond the level crossing, so that the BU indication is displayed before the front of the train that has passed over the level crossing passes the BU indicator. 2.4.7.3 BU indicators shall only display the indications set out in Table 18. Indication BU Equipment status information The level crossing opening sequence has not operated BARRIERS UP Table 18 BU indicators: displayed indications 2.4.7.4 BU indicators shall display BU only when the associated level crossing barriers are fully raised. No indication shall be displayed at all other times. 2.4.7.5 The illuminated indication shall be coloured signal white. 2.4.7.6 The character font shall approximate to Gill Sans light. 2.4.7.7 BU indicators shall comply with standard performance category 5 (see Appendix C). 2.4.8 Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS) indicator 2.4.8.1 Where a TPWS indicator is required at a stop board, it shall be positioned either: a) Underneath the relevant stop board so that it is readable from the driving cab, or Page 27 of 73

b) Remotely from the stop board; only where drivers are required to leave the driving cab to operate signalling equipment (for example, associated with driver operated token exchange equipment). 2.4.8.2 TPWS indicators shall only display the indications set out in Table 19. Indication Steady signal blue light #1 Flashing signal blue light No indication Equipment status information TPWS intervention set TPWS disarmed TPWS failed #1 Normal state when no train is present Table 19 TPWS indications 2.4.8.3 The TPWS indicator blue flashing light shall: a) Flash at a frequency of 120 (+/-6) cycles per minute, and b) Emit light for a nominal 100 ms of each flashing cycle. 2.4.8.4 TPWS indicators shall comply with standard performance category 3 (see Appendix C). 2.4.8.5 Where a TPWS indicator at a stop board is combined with a points indicator (for example, at the exit of a passing loop on a single line operated using the nosignaller token remote block system), the points indicator shall be positioned next to the TPWS indicator, so that the points indication is closest to the driver s line of sight. 2.4.8.6 Where a TPWS indicator at a stop board is associated with a points indicator and a driver s level crossing indicator: a) The points indicator shall be positioned next to the TPWS indicator, so that the points indication is closest to the driver s line of sight, and b) The driver s level crossing indicator shall be positioned adjacent to the stop board separately from the points / TPWS indication so that concurrently displayed indications are both readable as separate indications. 2.4.8.7 Where a TPWS indication is associated with a points indicator and / or a level crossing indicator: a) The combinations of displayed indications shall comply with Table 20, and b) The indications shall be consistently displayed in a logical sequence at each location along a line of route. Page 28 of 73

TPWS indicator Steady blue (#1) Steady blue (#1) Points indicator LC indicator Equipment status information No indication No indication TPWS intervention set LC not operating No indication Flashing white TPWS intervention set LC correctly operating No indication Flashing red No indication Points not set (or points moving) LC not operating Flashing blue No indication No indication TPWS disarmed LC not operating Flashing blue No indication Flashing white TPWS disarmed LC correctly operating No indication Flashing red Flashing white Points not set (points moving) LC correctly operating No indication No indication No indication TPWS failed LC not operating No indication No indication Flashing white TPWS failed LC correctly operating #1 Normal state when no train is present Table 20 Permitted combinations of TPWS, points and / or LC indications 2.5 Specification of lineside signs and buffer stops used as signals 2.5.1 Stop board (including ERTMS level 2 operated lines) 2.5.1.1 Stop boards shall display a fixed stop aspect and written instructions stating either: a) The action to be taken by the train crew after stopping, or b) The conditions for passing the stop board without stopping (for example, possession of the relevant long section token on a single line). 2.5.1.2 The wording displayed on each stop board shall be determined using the process for assessment of compatibility set out in GE/RT8270. 2.5.1.3 The colours and dimensions of stop boards shall comply with Figure 10 and Table 21. 2.5.1.4 Reflectivity performance shall be no worse than that associated with Class R2 retro-reflective material (as defined in BS EN 12899-1). 2.5.1.5 The font for wording on the sign shall be the same as for road signs as specified by the Transport Medium Alphabet (drawings TM1 and TM2) of the Traffic Signs and Signals Guidance published by the Department for Transport. Page 29 of 73