Introduction to Music
Review Romanticism In Music (1820 1900) Romantic Composers and their Public Art Song Franz Schubert Robert Schumann Clara Wieck Schumann
Frédéric Chopin Polish born musician (1810 1849)
Frédéric Chopin Polish born musician (1810 1849) Poet of the piano
Frédéric Chopin Polish born musician (1810 1849) Poet of the piano Moved to Paris European artistic capital at age 21
Frédéric Chopin Polish born musician (1810 1849) Poet of the piano Moved to Paris European artistic capital at age 21 Was lovers with the female writer George Sand
Frédéric Chopin Known for his beautiful tone, rhythmic flexibility and extensive use of piano pedals
Frédéric Chopin Known for his beautiful tone, rhythmic flexibility and extensive use of piano pedals Piano teacher to daughters of the rich
Frédéric Chopin Known for his beautiful tone, rhythmic flexibility and extensive use of piano pedals Piano teacher to daughters of the rich Avoided concert halls
Frédéric Chopin Known for his beautiful tone, rhythmic flexibility and extensive use of piano pedals Piano teacher to daughters of the rich Avoided concert halls Nocturnes, mazurkas, preludes & waltzes
Frédéric Chopin Developed personal style at early age
Frédéric Chopin Developed personal style at early age Evokes a variety of moods
Frédéric Chopin Developed personal style at early age Evokes a variety of moods Captured the spirit of the Polish people
Chopin: Nocturne in E Flat Major, Op. 9, no. 2 Nocturne (night piece) slow, lyrical, intimate piece for piano Note: Expressive, emotional presentation with subtle shifts in tempo and dynamics
Chopin: Nocturne in E Flat Major, Op. 9, no. 2
Chopin: Etude in C Minor, Op. 10, No. 12 Revolutionary Etude study piece focusing on a specific technique in performance
Chopin: Etude in C Minor, Op. 10, No. 12 Revolutionary Etude study piece focusing on a specific technique in performance Note: Speed & endurance required of left hand
Chopin: Etude in C Minor, Op. 10, No. 12 Revolutionary Etude study piece focusing on a specific technique in performance Note: Speed & endurance required of left hand Not just a study, but interesting music
Chopin: Etude in C Minor, Op. 10, No. 12 Revolutionary
Franz Liszt Hungarian born composer (1811 1886)
Franz Liszt Hungarian born composer (1811 1886) Virtuoso pianist who toured for 25 years
Franz Liszt Hungarian born composer (1811 1886) Virtuoso pianist who toured for 25 years Incredible performer rock star
Franz Liszt Hungarian born composer (1811 1886) Virtuoso pianist who toured for 25 years Incredible performer rock star Retired from touring & became court conductor and later took minor holy orders Abbé Liszt
Franz Liszt Fathered three children with Countess Marie d Agoult; never married
Franz Liszt Fathered three children with Countess Marie d Agoult; never married Perhaps greatest pianist who ever lived
Franz Liszt Fathered three children with Countess Marie d Agoult; never married Perhaps greatest pianist who ever lived Revolutionized keyboard technique for the piano and organ; practiced 14 hours per day
Franz Liszt Fathered three children with Countess Marie d Agoult; never married Perhaps greatest pianist who ever lived Revolutionized keyboard technique for the piano and organ; practiced 14 hours per day One of most influential figures of 19th century
Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C# minor Second in a set of 19 Hungarian Rhapsodies
Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C# minor Second in a set of 19 Hungarian Rhapsodies Considered one of the most technically demanding works in the solo piano repertoire
Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C# minor Second in a set of 19 Hungarian Rhapsodies Considered one of the most technically demanding works in the solo piano repertoire Liszt strongly influenced by Hungarian Gypsy folk music
Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C# minor Second in a set of 19 Hungarian Rhapsodies Considered one of the most technically demanding works in the solo piano repertoire Liszt strongly influenced by Hungarian Gypsy folk music Excruciating technical challenges of the piano solo version led to its acceptance as the unofficial standard by which every notable pianist would prove his salt
Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C# minor
Liszt: Les Preludes Third of Liszt s 15 symphonic (tone) poems
Liszt: Les Preludes Third of Liszt s 15 symphonic (tone) poems Based on Alphonse de Lamartine s Nouvelles méditations poétiques.
Liszt: Les Preludes Third of Liszt s 15 symphonic (tone) poems Based on Alphonse de Lamartine s Nouvelles méditations poétiques. Liszt said Les Preludes was only the prelude to his [Liszt s] own path of composition
Liszt: Les Preludes Third of Liszt s 15 symphonic (tone) poems Based on Alphonse de Lamartine s Nouvelles méditations poétiques. Liszt said Les Preludes was only the prelude to his [Liszt s] own path of composition earliest example for an orchestral work that was performed as symphonic poem
Romantic Music
Liszt: Kyrie from Missa choralis Liszt part of St Cecilia Society, founded to reform church music of the day
Liszt: Kyrie from Missa choralis Liszt part of St Cecilia Society, founded to reform church music of the day Wrote Missa choralis for church use
Liszt: Kyrie from Missa choralis Liszt part of St Cecilia Society, founded to reform church music of the day Wrote Missa choralis for church use Uses Gregorian chant as basis for melodies
Liszt: Kyrie from Missa choralis Liszt part of St Cecilia Society, founded to reform church music of the day Wrote Missa choralis for church use Uses Gregorian chant as basis for melodies Compositional style is smooth and serene, more like Renaissance music than Romantic
Liszt: Kyrie from Missa choralis
Felix Mendelssohn German composer (1809 1847)
Felix Mendelssohn German composer (1809 1847) Early to mid-romantic
Felix Mendelssohn German composer (1809 1847) Early to mid-romantic Wrote symphonies, concertos, sonatas, and other works before teens
Felix Mendelssohn German composer (1809 1847) Early to mid-romantic Wrote symphonies, concertos, sonatas, and other works before teens Responsible for revival of Bach s music
Felix Mendelssohn Died of a stroke while touring
Felix Mendelssohn Died of a stroke while touring Music somewhat more conservative
Felix Mendelssohn Died of a stroke while touring Music somewhat more conservative Avoids emotional extremes
Felix Mendelssohn Died of a stroke while touring Music somewhat more conservative Avoids emotional extremes Projects both elegance and balance
Mendelssohn: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in E Minor, Op. 64 Controlled emotionalism
Mendelssohn: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in E Minor, Op. 64 Controlled emotionalism Simple, singing melodies
Mendelssohn: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in E Minor, Op. 64 Controlled emotionalism Simple, singing melodies Cadenza near the end for soloist
Mendelssohn: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in E Minor, Op. 64
Program Music Instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene
Program Music Instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene Non-program music is called absolute music
Program Music Instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene Non-program music is called absolute music Usually performed with written explanation of the piece, a program hence the name
Program Music Instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene Non-program music is called absolute music Usually performed with written explanation of the piece, a program hence the name In Romantic, usually for piano solo or orchestra
Program Music Common types: Program symphony multi-movement/ orchestral
Program Music Common types: Program symphony multi-movement/ orchestral Concert overture modeled on opera overture
Program Music Common types: Program symphony multi-movement/ orchestral Concert overture modeled on opera overture Symphonic poem (or tone poem) one movement, orchestral, flexible form
Program Music Common types: Program symphony multi-movement/ orchestral Concert overture modeled on opera overture Symphonic poem (or tone poem) one movement, orchestral, flexible form Incidental music used before or during a play
Hector Berlioz French composer (1803 1869)
Hector Berlioz French composer (1803 1869) Mid-Romantic Period
Hector Berlioz French composer (1803 1869) Mid-Romantic Period Wrote unconventional music
Hector Berlioz French composer (1803 1869) Mid-Romantic Period Wrote unconventional music Passionate and unpredictable
Hector Berlioz French composer (1803 1869) Mid-Romantic Period Wrote unconventional music Passionate and unpredictable Won Prix de Rome for Symphonie fantastique
Hector Berlioz Worked as music critic for financial support
Hector Berlioz Worked as music critic for financial support One of the first great conductors in the modern sense
Hector Berlioz Worked as music critic for financial support One of the first great conductors in the modern sense Imaginative, innovative orchestrations that require huge resources
Hector Berlioz Worked as music critic for financial support One of the first great conductors in the modern sense Imaginative, innovative orchestrations that require huge resources Pioneered concept of idée fixe (fixed idea)
Berlioz: March to the Scaffold from Symphonie fantastique
Looking Ahead Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Music Antonin Dvorak Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Johannes Brahms