Romeo and Juliet: Introduction and Literary Terms
Plot Background: The Italian town Verona is beautiful, yet nothing can hide the ugliness of the feud between its two most prominent families. The Montagues and the Capulets hate each other. They are in a blood feud.
The Plot Thickens Prince Escalus has warned the families to avoid each other. Romeo Montague joins friends who are determined to sneak into a party at the Capulet home, where he meets Juliet Capulet.
The Plot Twists Romeo and Juliet can t take their eyes off each other. They have a romantic exchange on her balcony. Is there such a thing as love at first sight?
As happy as the two are together, neither family would be pleased to learn of their sudden love. But the couple has a friend in the local priest if only Friar Laurence can coax the families toward peace. Against All Odds
Personal vs. Familial Loyalty Can love overcome the desire for revenge? Does love conquer all? Meanwhile, the feud between the families is getting worse and even leads to a death.
Tragedy A drama that ends in catastrophe for the main character and usually some other important characters
Tragic Hero The main character of a tragedy A tragic hero generally contains a tragic flaw - a defect in a character s personality or motivation that leads to his or her downfall.
Pun A play on words which have the same sound but different meanings; an expression in which two different applications of a word present an odd or ludicrous idea Ex: If your Nigerian in the living room and Dutch in the kitchen. What are you in the bathroom? Answer: European
Aside A remark to the audience or another character, meant only for them, to reveal a character s thoughts
A reference to an outside source such as a book, play, mythology, or cultural phenomenon Allusion
Comic Relief A humorous scene, incident, or speech that relieves the audience s emotional angst/intensity
Soliloquy A speech given by a character when alone on the stage. It let s the audience in on the character s thoughts Done in spoken dialogue (words spoken in quotation marks)
Oxymoron A phrase that contains contradictory words. Ex: Tight slacks/jumbo Shrimp/ Agree to Disagree Foreshadowing An author hints as to what will come in the future of the plot
A character whose personality or features are a contrast to another character Foil A minor character that shows differences to a major character and highlights his/her nature
Paradox A statement that contradicts ITSELF My only love sprung from my only hate. I always lie. To keep the peace, I tolerate his violence.
Rhyme Scheme A pattern in poetry where lines end in the same consonant and vowel sound (ex: right, height) Each line is labeled with a letter for each new sound A then B A rose is a rose (a) And so it goes (a) With nothing to lose (b) But time (c)
Shakespearean Sonnet Basics: Iambic Pentameter and the English Sonnet 5 unstressed syllables each followed by a stressed syllable (baboom / baboom / baboom / baboom / baboom) Shakespeare s sonnets are written predominantly in a meter called iambic pentameter, a rhyme scheme in which each sonnet line consists of ten syllables. The syllables are divided into five pairs called iambs or iambic feet. An iamb is a metrical unit made up of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable. An example of an iamb would be good BYE.
Here are some examples from the sonnets: When I / do COUNT / the CLOCK / that TELLS / the TIME (Sonnet 12) When IN / dis GRACE / with FOR / tune AND / men s EYES I ALL / a LONE / be WEEP / my OUT/ cast STATE (Sonnet 29) Shall I / com PARE/ thee TO / a SUM / mer s DAY? Thou ART / more LOVE / ly AND / more TEM / per ATE (Sonnet 18)
Blank Verse Unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter (5 unstressed syllables each followed by a stressed syllable.)
Couplet Two rhymed lines in a row There are fourteen lines in a Shakespearean sonnet. The first twelve lines are divided into three quatrains with four lines each. In the three quatrains the poet establishes a theme or problem and then resolves it in the final two lines, called the couplet. The rhyme scheme of the quatrains is abab cdcd efef. The couplet has the rhyme scheme gg. This sonnet structure is commonly called the English sonnet or the Shakespearean sonnet
SONNET 18 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee. A B A B C D C D E F E F G G
Comic Relief A humorous scene, incident or speech that relieves the tension of earlier events.
Static or Dynamic? Static characters stay the same. (Ex: static cling) Dynamic characters change. (Ex: dynamite)
References Google.com Images Dictionary.com Shakespeare, W. Romeo and Juliet