Name: ANSWER KEY Class Period: Medieval and Renaissance Middle Ages: c. 500 1450 Renaissance: c. 1450 1600 Life in the Medieval: (please match) Clothing: Monk Nobleman Peasant Noble-Women Peasant Nun Female Male Peasant Male, Peasant Female, Noble-Woman, Nobleman, Monk, Nun Homes: o Most homes were cold, damp and dark. o Windows were very small, to only allow a small amount of light. o Most homes only had one or two rooms. o Wealthy homes were generally larger and highly decorated. Feudal Life: o Small communities were ruled by a King or a Lord. 1
Medieval and Renaissance War Crusades Feudalism Exploration Marco Polo This was the name for the Holy Wars that took place between the 11 th and 13 th Centuries. (Europeans against Moslem countries) A system of hierarchy during the Middle Ages. The king lent land to noblemen. In return, the noblemen supplied knights for battle. The knights, servants, and peasants gave loyalty to the lords. This man traveled from Europe to China and opened up trade for silk, spices, and new ideas. Christopher Columbus This man traveled to the New World in 1492. Churches and Universities Church Universities This place was the center for learning. Later in this time, these were founded to teach religion, law, medicine and the arts. Art and Literature Who painted the following? The Creation of Adam Two Cherubs Mona Lisa Michalangelo Raphael Leonardo da Vinci Authors Chaucer This man wrote the Canterbury Tales. William Shakespeare This man wrote Romeo and Juliet. 2
Medieval Period Music What are the following? 1. Sacred Music: Music composed for the church 2. Secular Music: Non-church (popular) music Match the style of music with its definition. C Gregorian Chant A. Musicians began singing different parts instead of everyone singing the same notes. It led to the development of harmony. A Polyphony B. Two or more singers perform the same music but come in at different times. D Motet C. Also known as Plainchant. They had a single melody line with no accompaniment. Words were in Latin and were sung by men s choirs or soloists. B Canon/Round D. A short religious piece that might have plainchant for one line, a love song in another part and a hymn for a third. The different parts can even be sung in different languages. Fill in the Missing Information. 1. Troubadour: Members of nobility, many were knights. They composed musical poems about courtly love, knightly adventures, and chivalry but often left the performance of their works to less aristocratic musicians. 2. Jongleur: Working musicians. They wandered from town to town. They sang, played instruments, danced, juggled, and performed magic tricks. (The word Juggler came from this term. 3
Medieval Composers Fill in the missing information. Medieval Period Composer s Name Date of Birth and Death Leonin 1150 s 1201? Perotin 1200 -? Information He was choirmaster of the Cathedral of Notre Dame in the 1100 s. He composed important choral works for the entire church year. He was a choirmaster at the Cathedral of Notre Dame. He held the position of choirmaster after Leonin. He is credited with inventing the motet. She was elected a Magistra by her fellow nuns in 1136. Song Magnus Liber - Alleluya Viderunt omnes Hildegard Von Bingen 1098-1179 She founded monasteries, wrote theological, botanical and medicinal texts, as well as letters, liturgical songs, and poems. Ordo Virtutum She wrote over 100 letters, 70 poems, and 9 books. She composed 72 songs. He was a French composer who worked at the age of twenty for a warrior king. Guillaume de Machaut 1305-1377 He traveled much of his life around Europe, accompanying the king to military battles. Messe de Notre Dame At the time of his death, he was considered one of the most important religious leaders of his time. In fact, he composed one of the oldest surviving masses written in four parts. He is best-known for his secular music. 4
Renaissance Period Renaissance Period Answer the following questions. What are the beginning and the end dates of the Renaissance Period? 1450-1600 The word Renaissance means rebirth. Merchants and professionals began to gather wealth. With their leisure time, they began to broaden their interests beyond church music and art. This resulted in the rebirth of interest in the values of Greek and Roman cultures. Changes in the Renaissance Period 1. Composers began writing both sacred and secular music. 2. Kings and lords began employing court musicians. 3. Books began being printed. In 1476, books of music began being printed. Anyone who could read them could now play the music. 4. Because of the improvements to instruments, composers began writing music for instruments only. New Music in the Renaissance Period Madrigals: vocal works about great emotions such as love and despair. They were usually unaccompanied vocal works with four or five parts. 5
Renaissance Composers Fill in the missing information. Renaissance Period Composer s Name Josquin des Prez Date of Birth and Death 1440-1521 Information A French composer who began his career as a singer in a cathedral when he was 19 years old. He was considered one of the best composers of the time. Song Ave Maria He composed music that used chords and harmonies that made it sound more like the music of today. An Italian composer who spent his entire career in Rome, working for the Catholic Church. Giovanni da Palestrina 1526-1594 He is considered one of the great masters of the Renaissance style. Motet Hodie Christus Natus Est He composed 104 masses, 373 motets, and many religious madrigals. He also composed almost 100 secular madrigals. Thomas Morley 1557-1602 William Byrd 1539/40-1623 He was an English composer. He composed many madrigals about love and nature. He was an English composer of the late Renaissance. He is considered to be one of the great masters of the Renaissance. Some consider him the greatest English composer of all time. He worked in the Royal Chapel of Queen Elizabeth. Hark Alleluia Cantiones Sacrae 6
Medieval and Renaissance Medieval and Renaissance Instruments Label the following instruments. Lute Sackbut Crumhorn Viol Recorder Serpent 7
Medieval and Renaissance History of Music Notation Fill in the missing information. Name Dates Information 600 s Church worried that music would be lost because there was no method of music notation. Accent Marks Neumes They were the first form of notation. They told the singer that the music went up or down. They were meant to help the musician remember the melody but they did not give exact information. The singer needed to know the music first. They were marks at particular heights over the words of the song. They told the singer which pitch to sing. However, they were not written on a staff so they did not give exact pitch. Guido d Arezzo 995-1050 He was an Italian monk and music teacher. He invented the music staff, which showed the specific pitches of notes. He created the symbols for flats and natural notes. By 1200 s Everyone began using the 5 line staff. By about 1400 The modern system of not and rest lengths became standard. 1500 s Bar lines, time signatures, tempo marks, and sharps were created. By 1750 (End of the Baroque Period) Notation was fully developed. 8