The Write Way: A Writer s Workshop Linda Laskowski-Jones, MS, APRN, ACNS-BC, CEN, FAWM, FAAN Editor-in-Chief, Nursing: The Journal of Clinical Excellence
Why Write? Share knowledge / information Professional growth Personal growth Long-term impact / immortality
Oh, no! I have to write something!
Value of Publication For the hospital / health care institution Recognition / mark of excellence For the health care community-at-large Clinical practice application / system change / new knowledge or approach Sharing outcomes of innovations & ideas For the general public Health care / illness & injury prevention information
Finding Time to Write
Finding Time To Write Schedule writing into your day Make use of down-time for writing when the mood is right Keep an informal notebook to record key points or topics to write about Burn the midnight oil only when absolutely necessary to meet a deadline
Selecting a Topic Clinical innovation System change Review article on a specified topic Case study Research Opinion / Letter to the Editor Clinical scenario / story / exemplar
Authorship Considerations
Authorship Considerations Single Joint / multiple Intra-disciplinary vs. Inter-disciplinary If publishing with co-authors, discuss: Order of author names on manuscript Responsibilities of each contributor Timeline for completion of drafts Editorial or writing style
Editorial Style & Scope of Subject Matter Format for Publication Consider target audience & type of journal or publication General interest topic? Specialty practice topic? Research / Scientific / Academic orientation? ***Review publication s author guidelines!
Contacting Potential Publishers Informal verbal Telephone contact with editorial staff Discuss ideas regarding content, key points, expectations, editorial style Establish a timeline for submission Note: Not all publishers will respond to this form of contact
Contacting Potential Publishers Formal written Query letter Outline ideas Request review by editors / determine interest in topic May be via e-mail or snail mail (refer to author guidelines)
Ethics of Submission Submit to only one journal at a time! Copyright belongs to publishing company Agree to a timeline for submission & adhere to it! Establish / maintain trust & an excellent working relationship with the editors / publisher Sign a contributor agreement as required
Writing the Manuscript Literature review - references < 3-5 years old unless classic Discuss topic / collaborate with colleagues & experts as needed to further refine focus Outline - organize the manuscript before writing Obtain any necessary permissions from institution for use of content, photos and data that may be proprietary. Is IRB review necessary?
Writing the Manuscript Be consistent with your writing style (even with multiple co-authors)! Pay attention to correct spelling, grammar & punctuation (final product should be your personal best!) Use subtitles to organize your content Consider using pictures, graphs, tables and/or figures to illustrate content Refer to publication s author guidelines for reference format
Submitting the Manuscript Follow manuscript preparation & submission requirements Send hard copies, upload file or e-mail file as specified http://www.editorialmanager.com/lwwe submissions/default.asp Be prepared to wait 6 weeks to 3 months for a response!
Editorial Process Initial review by Editor-in-Chief; may be rejected outright If manuscript shows promise, sent for internal review by department editors If significant revision is needed, manuscript will be returned to author(s) for rework with recommendations If manuscript is accepted, Editor-in- Chief will select peer reviewers
I m your peer reviewer
Peer Review Anticipate blind peer review by 2-4 content experts Receive feedback from reviewers (typically online critique forms) http://lwwesubmissions.edmgr.com/l.asp?i= 81236&l=SPJ5S2T7 Revise - use your own judgment Adhere to deadlines! Re-submit revised manuscript according to established timelines
Acceptance for Publication Review galleys / proofs carefully prior to publication (especially drug dosages!) Celebrate! Compensation Journal articles Textbook chapters / books Document publication in resume / CV Reprints Copyright considerations / ethics
A Deeper Dive into Publishing Expectations of being a peer reviewer Editors & peer reviewers as information gate keepers Use of ghost writers Tools/tactics to identify and address plagiarism Open access publishing
Peer Reviewers
Peer Reviewer: Tips for Success Peer reviewers may be compensated and/or receive continuing education credit if review meets expectations Establish accurate profile with journal Respond quickly to review requests Disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest with the topic / author Offer constructive, diplomatic feedback in sufficient detail (include narrative!) Complete review by deadline
Information Gate Keepers
Information Gate Keepers Who are they? Editors Peer reviewers Is there any conflict of interest? Ethics & the role of the editor-in-chief Responsible for the integrity of the content & correcting any ethical violations
Ghost Writers
Ghost Writers Who are they? Professional writers hired to author part or all of a manuscript, yet remain anonymous When are they used? By industry when expert is too busy to write By author when writing skills or time are challenges / factors Ethical issues!
Plagiarism Definition: Wrongfully attributing another individual s work as your own; failing to acknowledge the information source. Self-plagiarism: recycling own work in multiple publications without proper attribution; example is publishing the same or similar content in multiple journals Considered academic dishonesty & a breach of journalistic ethics Can result in copyright violation, infringement on intellectual property rights
Plagiarism: How Big is the Problem? The number of formal retractions as recorded on Elsevier's ScienceDirect platform has more than doubled between 2004 and today in fact, for 2013 it looks as if we will have close to 200 retractions, which would be five times the number we had in 2004. I believe this is due to the ramp up of the pressure to publish and occasionally the pressure to take short-cuts (Seeley, 2013) Not all cases of plagiarism are equal: taking credit for research vs. not citing a passage correctly in text
Plagiarism: Consequences Causes serious reputation / credibility issues for authors caught plagiarizing Legal / moral / professional consequences: Failing grade Termination from employment Official retraction / removal of article from ALL media (eg, print, ipad, Web, etc.) with published notification letter Black listing of author with publisher Discovered through plagiarism detection software (ex. ithenticate)
Publication Ethics COPE: Committee on Publication Ethics
Open Access Publishing Open access (OA) defined: The free, immediate, permanent, full-text, online access, for any user, web-wide, to digital scientific and scholarly material. (Suber, 2013) Primarily research articles published in peerreviewed journals Any user may link, read, download, store, print, use & data-mine digital article content An OA article usually has limited copyright & licensing restrictions
Open Access Publishing Growth As of March 2013, the number of OA articles published surpassed 1 million 8,847 of the 25,000 peer-reviewed journals globally, across all disciplines Over 200,000 articles/year (excludes non- English) in 2011; projected to be >350,000 in 2015 2,250+ OA repositories (university, government, subject based), growing at a rate of 7 new repositories/month 602 societies publishing 695 OA titles
Open Access Publishing Estimated that 11% of the 10,853 journals indexed by Thomson Reuters Web of Science (2012) are gold OA journals.* *A gold open access journal offers articles that are OA immediately upon publication; the author retains copyright. OA journals have an article processing charge (APC) to publish papers as open access; range from $500 to $5000 Journals can be fully open access or hybrid
Open Access Publishing
Open Access Publishing
Open Access Publishing
LIST OF PUBLISHERS Beall s List: Potential, possible, or probable predatory scholarly open-access publishers This is a list of questionable, scholarly open-access publishers. We recommend that scholars read the available reviews, assessments and descriptions provided here, and then decide for themselves whether they want to submit articles, serve as editors or on editorial boards. In a few cases, non-open access publishers whose practices match those of predatory publishers have been added to the list as well. The criteria for determining predatory publishers are here. Jeffrey Beall: https://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/ (Accessed 11/1/2016).
Tips & Advice If you have an area of expertise, apply to be a peer reviewer for a journal / textbook Give writing a try - don t be intimidated! Find the time & just do it! Don t hesitate to ask for help from content experts / those experienced with writing The librarian can be your best friend: get to know your library & Internet resources Investigate the myriad of publication options (but beware of predators!) Best of luck in all of your publishing endeavors!
References Brent, N. (2011). Legal and ethical issues. In C. Saver (ed.) Anatomy of writing for publication for nurses. Indianapolis: Sigma Theta Tau, International. Elsevier Reviewers' Update Issue 15; July 2013: Retrieved October 15, 2013 from http://www.elsevier.com/reviewers/reviewersupdate/how-authors-can-publish-open-access. Gerber, L. (December, 2012). Narrative writing: Its role in nursing literature. Retrieved August 8, 2013 from http://www.nurseauthoreditor.com/article.asp?id=203. Mitiguy, J. (2011). Writing a nursing narrative. In C. Saver (ed.) Anatomy of writing for publication for nurses. Indianapolis: Sigma Theta Tau, International.
References Morrison, H. The Imaginary Journal of Poetic Economics, Dec. 31, 2012. Retrieved October 15, 2013 from : http://poeticeconomics.blogspot.com/2012/12/dec ember-31-2012-dramatic-growth-of.html Oermann, M.H. and Hays, J.C. (2011). Writing for publication in nursing, 2nd edition. New York: Springer. Suber, Peter. Open Access Overview, August 12, 2013: Retrieved October 15, 2013 from http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm. Seeley, M. Ethics in Scientific and Medical Publishing, Issue 40, September 2013, Elsevier's Editors' Update newsletter.
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