CHICAGO BY KATHERINE WERTZ, WRITING CONSULTANT & MICHAEL FRIZELL, DIRECTOR, WRITING CENTER Don t be intimidated by the 956 page book
Chicago Manual 956 pages of Fun! Content revisions: - Updated Materials throughout to reflect current style, technology, and professional practice - New coverage of journals and electronic publications - Comprehensive new chapter on American English grammar and usage by Bryan A. Garner (author of A Dictionary of Modern American Usage) - Updated and rewritten chapter on preparing mathematical copy - Reorganized and updated chapters on documentation, including guidance on citing electronic sources - Streamlined coverage of current design and production processes, with a glossary of key terms - New diagrams of the editing and production process4es for both books and journals, keyed to chapter discussions - Descriptive headings on all numbered paragraphs for ease of reference - New expanded Web site with special tools and features for Manual users - www.chicagomanualofstyle.org
You ve gotta start somewhere: Title Page Write the full title a few spaces from the top of the page. Write the author s name in the total center of the page. Write the course title (English 210), instructor s name, and date (April 8, 2010) on the bottom of the page. Everything on the title page is centered!
Headers and Formatting You should have page numbers on every page except the title page. The page number should be Arabic (1,2,3) and in the top right corner. Type either your name or a shortened title next to the page number.
Layout Layout includes such things as the type of paper chosen, the margins, the line spacing, the pagination, and the incorporation of equations, illustrations, and references. Table 1 presents general specifications for the page layouts. Specifications for Page Layout Margins standard (about 1 inch) Line spacing single space (unless other requested) Indentations (optional) standard tab for all paragraphs (about 0.4-0.5 inches)
HEADINGS You may use headings to better organize your paper. The organization of headings is a little bit like an outline, with varying levels of headings and subheadings that aid in organization. You don't number each heading in as you do with an outline, but you can use up to five different levels of headings and subheadings: The headings formatting requirements include: FIRST LEVEL. The first level headings should be centered above their associated text blocks. Use headlinestyle capitalization, and you may use either bold, italics, or underline characters. SECOND LEVEL. Type the second level heading centered in headline-style capitalization in standard text. Do not use any italics, bold, or underline characters. THIRD LEVEL. The third level heading is left-aligned, using headline-style capitalization. You may use bold, italics, or underline characters with the third-level heading. FOURTH LEVEL. For the fourth level of heading, switch to sentence-style capitalization. Left-align the text, and do not use any bold, italics, or underline characters. FIFTH LEVEL. With the fifth level of heading, you will indent the heading, using it like a lead-in sentence to a paragraph, complete with a period at the end of the heading. The fifth-level heading should consist of italics, bold, or underline characters. Use sentence-style capitalization with the fifth-level heading.
HEADINGS First Level of Heading (centered) Main text continues as normal (indented). Second Level of Heading (centered) Main text continues as normal (indented). Third Level of Heading (left-align) Main text continues as normal (indented). Fourth level of heading (left-align) Main text continues as normal (indented). Fifth level of heading. (indented) Main text follows immediately... SEE THE WRITING CENTER S RESOURCE LINKS FOR MORE INFORMATION ON HEADINGS
Avoiding Plagiarism Plagiarism is using someone else s words or ideas as though they were your own. deliberately stealing someone s work. paying someone to write a paper. a serious offense.
When to Cite You DO need to cite: When using someone else s exact words When using someone else s data (statistics, etc.) When using someone else s figures (tables, graphs, images) When stating someone s unique idea You DON T need to cite: Your own unique ideas Common knowledge
Common Knowledge vs. Unique Ideas When in Doubt CITE! Don t need to cite: Ideas widely believed to be true. Folklore, stories, songs, or saying without an author but commonly known. Quotations widely known and used. Information shared by most scholars in your discipline.
In-text citations never seemed simpler To signify the use of an outside source, use a superscript Arabic number. The superscript number will follow the punctuation. 1 The notes for the citation will be included on a separate page at the end of the paper.
More formatting The text will be doublespaced throughout (including block quotes), prior to the notes page. Margins should be set at 1 top, bottom and sides.
Endnotes Warning: This is where Chicago gets kind of tricky. Center title Notes at the top of the page of endnotes. Number the citations in the order they appear in the text.
Endnotes: Books Book: Edited Book: 1.Author s first and last name, Title (City: Publisher, Year), page number. 7. Ted Poston, A First Draft of History, ed. Kathleen A. Hauke(Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2000), 46. 6. Virginia Woolf, A Room of One s Own (New York: Mariner Books, 2005), 204.
Endnotes: Periodicals Article in Journal: 1. Author s name, Article Title, Journal Title Volume#, Issue # (Year): Page numbers. 16. Jonathan Zimmerman, "Ethnicity and the History Wars in the1920s," Journal of American History 87, no. 1 (2000): 101. Article in Online Journal: 16. Eugene F. Provenzo Jr., "Time Exposure," Educational Studies34, no. 2 (2003): 266, http://search.epnet.com.
Endnotes: Newspapers and Magazines Newspaper: 2. Linda Greenhouse, Across the Border, Over the Line, The New York Times, April 8, 2010. http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/04/08/across-theborder-over-the-line/?hp Magazine: 14. Sarah Kliff, Stupak won t seek Reelection, Newsweek, April 6, 2010, 55.
Endnotes: Website Website: 1. First name Last name, Web Page, Website, Sponsor of Website, full URL. 5. Bob Smith, How to Write a Chicago Endnote, YayChicago.com, Chicago Helpers, http://www.yaychicago.com/endno tes.
Endnotes Oddities Unlike MLA and APA citation pages, the first line of a citation is indented, followed by left-aligned lines. You only write out the full endnote the first time. All consequent endnotes are abbreviated.
Abbreviated endnotes Author s Last Name, Shortened Version of Title (in either quotes or italics, depending), and Page Number. Wilson, Antarctica, 6. Jones, Swimming Lessons, 17. Use the word Ibid if you have to consecutive endnotes using the same source, and give the page. Ibid, 7. If you are using the same page as the previous endnote, just write Ibid.
And now for something completely different: Bibliography Some instructors will ask for a bibliography as well as endnotes. A bibliography will come after the page(s) of endnotes. It will be an alphabetical listing of all of the works you consulted in researching for your paper, including the ones you did not cite.
Bibliography: Books Book: Last Name, First Name. Title. City: Publisher, Year. Woolf, Virginia. A Room of One s Own. New York: Mariner Books, 2005. Edited Book: Poston, Ted. A First Draft of History. Edited by Kathleen A. Hauke. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2000. Notice: In the bibliography, the first line will be left-aligned and the consecutive lines will be spaced over to the right (as displayed above).
Bibliography: Periodicals Article in Journal: Zimmerman, Jonathan. "Ethnicity and the History Wars in the 1920s."Journal of American History 87, no. 1 (2000): 92-111. Article in Online Journal: Provenzo, Eugene F., Jr. "Time Exposure." Educational Studies 34, no. 2 (2003): 266-67. http://search.epnet.com.
Bibliography: Newspapers and Magazines Newspaper: Greenhouse, Linda. Across the Border, Over the Line, The New York Times, April 8, 2010. http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/04/08/across-theborder-over-the-line/?hp Kliff, Sarah. Stupak won t seek Reelection. Newsweek, April 6, 2010, 55. Magazine:
Bibliography: Website Website: Bob Smith. How to Write a Chicago Endnote. YayChicago.com. Chicago Helpers. http://www.yaychicago.com/endnotes. You do not need to include the date accessed, unless the document is timesensitive. If so, but it after the URL: www.time.com/today (accessed May 1, 2010).
Contact Information Michael Frizell, Writing Center Director michaelfrizell@missouristate.edu Phone number 417-836-5006 Office: Meyer Library 112 Writing Center First floor Meyer Library The Bear Claw Phone Number 417-836-6398 http://writingcenter.missouristate.edu Supplemental Instruction http://si.missouristate.edu