Media Technology Unit Subtitle: Brief History of American Broadcasting 2006 Texas Trade and Industrial Education
Broadcasting - a young media 1700 s newspapers in US 1837 telegraph 1876 telephone 1920 1st commercially licensed radio station-kdka Pittsburgh, Penn. 1948 TV s in homes
Radio Development 1880 Heinrich Hertz Demonstrated electromagnetic waves (energy) transmitted through air without wires 1895 Guglielmo Marconi does the same considered Father of Radio
Radio Development 1897 Marconi patents wireless equipment, forms Marconi Wireless & Signal Co, England 1901 Marconi sends Radio waves across Atlantic
Radio Development 1919 RCA (Radio Corporation of America) formed buys out American Marconi
Radio Development 1920 First officially licensed commercial station -KDKA Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (Westinghouse) Had Regularly scheduled programs Stimulates receiver sales
Radio Development 1922 WEAF New York City (AT&T) 1st commercial real estate 1923 First network AT&T 1926 RCA buys AT&T network, Starts NBC (AT&T) red network, (RCA) blue network David Sarnoff president
Television Development 1920 s Many people/companies experimenting with and developing TV 1926 Philo T. Farnsworth, American, experimented with electronic TV stream of electrons 1928 Vladimir Zworykin develop/refines iconoscope tube
Television Development 1928 1st TV Drama Broadcast The Queen s Messenger from GE station http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=36fgqycwl0y
Radio Development 1930 s Variety of radio programssoap operas, westerns, comedy, game shows Little news - newspapers made it difficult for radio news broadcasts 1933 Edwin Armstrong FM radio developing 1934 Mutual Broadcasting System The Lone Ranger
Television Development 1934 Federal Communication Commission George Carlin 1935 Electronic TV is demonstrated to press Few people have TV s
Television Development 1936 Germany televises Olympics Britain few hours of regular programming a day 1939 RCA presents TV at New York World s Fair First Television
Radio Development FM 1940 FCC approves FM 1941 50 FM stations Radio development frozen
Television Development 1941 FCC authorizes TV broadcast 1942 CBS 15 hours programming per week 1945 150 applications for TV stations
News 1941 WW II Radio vital news source Edward R. Murrow in Europe for CBS World War II Broadcast 1945 WW II ends
Color Television During War, CBS experimented w/ color 1946 CBS presents non-compatible mechanical color system 1947 FCC refuses CBS color request 1948 50 TV stations on air, 124 authorized FCC - four year freeze on new TV licenses
Cable Television 1950 Community Antenna Television (CATV) 1952 AT&T installs coaxial cable in large cities, reduces ghosting
Color Television 1952 FCC lifts TV freeze FCC approves UHF Old TV s don t get UHF, Ruling-- all new TV s must have both VHF and UHF
Television 1950 s Live dramatic series 1952-60 Rampant growth in TV 108 stations in 1952, 522 in 1960
Radio Programming Development of TV hurts Radio audience Mid 50 s Radio targets audiences radio moves out of the living room Rock and Roll spurs radio interest 1956 DJ s popular 1959 Payola scandal
Radio Programming 1980 - FM has over 50% of audience 2001 - Digital Satellite radio service Fee based, few or no commercials Sirius XM
Video recorders 1956 Ampex demonstrates videotapes recorder 1960 90% homes have TV s 1960 s Large variety of TV programs 1963 Sony home VTR $995
Television 1960 Only NBC had color programming 1966 All 3 networks have color 1967 Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 authorized Corporation for Public Broadcasting under President Johnson
Cable Television 1972 FCC ends ban cable TV in large cities HBO starts pay TV for cable
Television 1980 1% of homes have VCRs Consumer camcorder by Sony 1984 Stereo AM & TV FCC begins deregulation
Cable Television 1980 CNN begins 1981 MTV on cable 1987 50% of homes w/ TV have cable 1998 Digital compression used in cable 2004 More than 30% of US cable - approximately 22.9 million - receive digital cable service
Digital Television 1997 DVD introduced FCC rules - all US SDTV stations must be DTV by 2006, now 2009 1999 Stations begin broadcasting Digital TV and wide screen HDTV 2009-82% of homes have more than 1 TV; 38% of homes have digital cable The average American in 2009 watched an average of 153 hours of TV a month