DIGITAL EFFECTS MODULE OWNER'S MANUAL

DIGITL EFFECTS MODULE OWNER'S MNUL

Introduction Thnk you for purchsing the DEP (bbrev For: Digitl Effects Processor) To tke full dvntge of the DEP's functions, nd to enjoy long nd trouble-free use, plese red this user's mnul crefully How To Use This Mnul This mnul is divided into the following sections describing the vrious modes of the DEP Though we recommend you tke time to red through the entire mnul once crefully, those hving generl knowledge bout effects devices should use the tble of contents to reference specific functions Chpter 1: Your First Session with the DEP bsic introduction on operting the DEP, uditioning the fctory progrms, nd djusting levels Chpter 2: Connections This chpter explins how to connect the DEP to n instrument, mixing console or n mplifier Chpter 3: Overview of Progrms summry of the 16 progrms in the DEP, including the function of the djust knob Chpter 4: Description of Controls n explntion of ll connectors nd knobs on the DEP Use this chpter s quick reference guide when serching for specific informtion Chpter 5: Troubleshooting This chpter contins troubleshooting tips nd service informtion should problems occur Conventions The knobs nd rer pnel connectors re referred to this mnul just s their nmes pper on the DEP, using ll cpitl letters nd in brckets ( Exmple:[INPUT] Knob, [VRITIONS] Knob, etc) When something importnt ppers in the mnul, n icon (like the one on the left) will pper in the left mrgin This symbol indictes tht this informtion is vitl when operting the DEP

SPECIFICTIONS Electricl Frequency Response: Signl to Noise Rtio: Distortion: Crosstlk: Input Number of Chnnels: Formt: Sensitivity Mximum Level: Impednce: /D - D/ Conversions /D converter: D/ converter: Output Number of Chnnels: Formt: Mximum Level: Output Impednce: Front Pnel Controls Indictors Rer Pnel Input (LEFT/MONO, RIGHT) Output (LEFT, RIGHT) BYPSS Power Processing nd Memory Processor Speed: Internl processing resolution: Fctory Preset Progrms (ROM): Fctory Vritions for ech Preset Progrm (ROM): Dely memory: Reverb effects: Dely effects: Pitch effects: Dimensions Weight 2dB from 20Hz to 20 khz >82dB liner, 20 Hz-22 khz <001% @ 1kHz (-10dBV) <90dB below full scle 2 1/4" unblnced -10 dbv +10 dbv 1MOhm/chnnel stereo, 500KOhm/chnnel mono 18 bit Sigm-Delt 18 bit Sigm-Delt 2 1/4" unblnced +11 dbu <500 ohms INPUT, MIX, OUTPUT, PROGRM, VRITIONS Power LED, Signl clip LED 1/4" 2-conductor 1/4" 2-conductor 1/4" 1-conductor (ccepts normlly open/closed) (Momentry footswitches) C 9 Volt Power Trnsformer dptor 125 MIPs (million instructions per second) 52 bit ccumultor 16 16 3000 milliseconds Concert Hll, Rel Room, Plte Reverb, Mono Dely, Dely/Room Stereo Tremolo, Stereo Chorus, Stereo Flnge, Flnge/Room, Chorus/Room, Rotry 131(W) 116(D) 44(H)mm (516" 457" 17" ) 090Kg (298lb) CONTENTS Your First Session with the DEP 1 Unpcking nd Inspection 1 Bsic Connections 1 Powering Up 2 Setting Levels 2 Wht's on the Front Pnel? 2 uditioning Progrms 3 djusting Effects Mix Levels 3 Editing Progrms 3 Bypssing Effects 3 Plcement nd Instlltion 3 Rck Mounting 3 Connections 4 C Power Hookup 4 Line Conditioners nd Protectors 4 udio Connections 4 Typicl pplictions 5 Input Jck Wiring 5 Connecting Directly to n Instrument 5 Interfcing to Mixing Console 6 Using ux Sends nd Returns 7 Using Inserts 9 Using Min Outputs 10 voiding Ground Loops 11 Overview of Progrms 12 Reverb Effects 12 Concert Hll 12 Rel Room 12 Plte Reverb 12 Reverb Prmeter djust 12 Decy 12 Pitch Bsed Effects 13 Flnge 13 Chorus 13 Flnge/Room 14 Chorus/Room 14 Rotry 14 Pitch Bsed Prmeter djust 14 18

CONTENTS CHPTER 5 TROUBLESHOOTING Dely Effects 14 Dely Prmeter djust 14 Time 14 Tremolo 14 Tremolo Prmeter djust 14 Description of Controls 15 Front Pnel 15 Input Level 15 Mix Level 15 Output Level 15 Signl Level LED 15 Progrm Select Knob 15 Vritions Knob 15 Rer Pnel 15 Power 15 Bypss 16 Input (Left/Mono & Right) 16 Output (Left & Right) 16 Troubleshooting 17 Trouble-Shooting Index 17 Specifictions 18 Troubleshooting Index If you experience problems while operting the DEP, plese use the following tble to locte possible cuses nd solutions before contcting SHOW Product Support for ssistnce Symptom The Power LED does not light when the unit is powered on Sound is distorted, Red "Input" LED is lit Sound is excessively noisy, Green "Input" LED brely is lit No power Cuse Input level is too high Input level is too low Output level is too low nd ux Return on mixer is up full Solution Check tht the power cble is plugged in properly Turn down the Input Level control Turn up the Input Level control Turn Output up nd reduce ux Return level on mixer No udio is herd Hum or noise from output Unit does not respond to front pnel controls Bypss function is on with Mix turned 100% wet Output level is too low Ground loop, unshielded cbles Unknown softwre conflict, cosmic rys, or sttic electricity Turn the Mix control to the leftorpressthebypss Footswitch Turn the Output control to the right Try plugging the unit into nother power jck or different udio cbles Power down nd power up gin 17

Bypss This is 1/4" phone jck which connects to footswitch (with ltching), either normlly-open or normlly-closed When the footswitch is in the stte of "OFF", the function will be "EFFECTS" In the other hnd, when the footswitch is in the stte of "ON", the function will be "BY-PSS" Input (Left/Mono & Right) These re 1/4" unblnced phone jcks which connect to sources such s the effects sends of mixing consoles They my be used with nominl input levels from -20dBV (guitr level) to +4dBu For mono pplictions, use the [LEFT/MONO] input The [LEFT/MONO] input jck is normlled to the [RIGHT] jck This mens tht when nothing is plugged into the [RIGHT] input jck, the signl present t the [LEFT/MONO] input is routed to the [RIGHT] s well Output (Left & Right) These re 1/4" unblnced phone jcks which connect to devices such s the effects returns on mixing console or power mplifier inputs For mono pplictions, use the [LEFT] output CHPTER 1 YOUR FIRST SESSION WITH THE DEP Unpcking nd Inspection Your DEP ws pcked crefully t the fctory, nd the shipping crton ws designed to protect the unit during shipping Plese retin this continer in the highly unlikely event tht you need to return the DEP for servicing The shipping crton should contin the following items: This instruction mnul SHOW DEP with the sme seril number s shown on shipping crton C Power Supply dpter DEP Quick Guide/Progrm Chrt Bsic Connections The DEP will work in mny different pplictions, whether you re connecting n instrument dir-ectly into it, or connecting it with mixing console Briefly described here re the bsic conne -ctions to get you up nd running quickly For more informtion on connections, plese refer to Chpter 2 Mono In, Mono or Stereo Out: Connect 1/4" phone cord to the [LEFT/MONO] INPUT of the DEP from mono source (The Left input will feed both inputs) Connect nother 1/4" phone cord from the [LEFT] OUTPUT of the DEP to n mplifiction system or mixer input dditionlly, you could connect second 1/4" phone cord to the [RIGHT] OUTPUT for use with stereo mplifiction system, or two mixer inputs Stereo: Connect two 1/4" phone cords to the [LEFT/MONO] & [RIGHT] INPUTS of the DEP from stereo source, nd two 1/4" phone cords from the [LEFT/MONO] & [RIGHT] OUTPUTS of the DEP to stereo mplifiction system or two mixer inputs FROM INSTRUMENT OR EFFCTS SEND RIGHT INPUT LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT If connecting to mixing console's ux sends/returns, you will wnt to turn the [MIX] knob fully clockwise so tht the DEP outputs only wet (effected) signl 16 1

Powering Up fter mking your connections, turn on the system's power using this procedure: Before turning on the DEP's power, check the following items: Hve ll connections been mde correctly? re the volume controls of the mplifier or mixer turned down? Insert the Power jck into the [POWER] input on the rer pnel of the DEP nd plug the Power dpter into n C outlet Upon power-up, the Power On LED will illuminte Turn on the power of the mplifier/mixer, nd djust the volume Setting Levels Proper setting of the input nd output levels is crucil in order to chieve the ximum signl-tonoise rtio s good rule of thumb, it is usully best to set both input nd output level controls t 3/4 or 75% of full This will decrese the possibility of overlod distortion nd keep the mount of bckground noise to minimum If the Signl LED on the DEP begins to clip (turn red), turn down the Input level or decrese the volume of the source (instrument, mixer send, etc) If the DEP's level is cusing the mixer or mp to distort, turn the Output Level down For more detil on level setting, see pge 18 Wht's on the Front Pnel? 1 2 3 4 6 5 7 The DEP's front pnel contins the following: 1 Input The Input level control sets the level going into the DEP This should be djusted so tht the Signl LED (4) is green when signl is going into the unit It controls both the Left nd Right Input levels simultneously 2 Mix The Mix control djusts the blnce between the direct signl coming into the input nd the effects generted by the DEP 3 Output The Output level control sets the level going to the mplifier or mixer from the DEP 4 Signl LED The Signl LED displys the signl level coming into the Input During norml opertion, If the signl level is t the mximum, this LED will turn red nd you will begin to her the signl distort 5 Power LED The Power LED is illuminted whenever the DEP's power dpter is plugged in 6 Progrm Select The Progrm Select Knob is used to choose the progrm you wish to use 7 Vritions Ech progrm on the DEP hs one prmeter which cn be djusted Depending on the type of progrm selected, this knob might lter reverb decy, chorus depth, etc CHPTER 4 DESCRIPTION OF CONTROL Front Pnel Input Level The [INPUT] Level controls the level of the signl being fed into the DEP The DEP cn operte with signl levels nywhere from +4dBu pro udio ger to-20dbv guitr level signls To set the input level, wtch the [SIGNL] LED while djusting the [INPUT] level (see below) Mix Level The [MIX] Level controls the blnce between the uneffected signl coming through the inputs nd the effects being generted by the DEP When [MIX] is turned ll the wy to the left, the input signl will be sent stright to the output with no effects dded When [MIX] is turned ll the wy to right, only the effects will be sent to the outputs with none of the originl input signl mixed in By keeping the Mix somewhere in the center, blend of dry nd wet signl cn be chieved With typicl instrument setup (use with guitr mp, etc) the Mix is usully set round 12 o'clock When used with mixing console, the Mix control should be turned ll the wy to the right (full wet) so tht the effects mix cn be controlled from the mixer Output Level The [OUTPUT] Level controls the volume of the signl from the outputs The typicl level for this control is 75%, but it cn be rised or lowered s necessr Signl Clip LED This red LED monitors the strength of the signl tht is sent to the DEP When the LED lights up, the input signl is provocting "overflows" within the digitl process nd the output signl will be potentilly distorted so the [INPUT] level should be bcked off Progrm Select Knob The Progrm Select Knob is used to chnge progrms Vritions Knob The [VRITIONS] Knob is used to edit spects of the currently selected progrm For exmple, on Concert Hll progrm, the djust knob edits Reverb Decy Time [VRITIONS] is lwys ctive, so newly selected progrms lwys red the knob setting Rer Pnel Power This is plug for connecting the SHOW Model 9VC power supply (supplied) The power supply included with the DEP is comptible with the electricl requirements of the country of purchse, nd should be connected to the proper electricl outlet (In the US, this is 120VC) The correct power supply must be used T LL TIMES ny other power supply might crete fire risk nd/or permnently dmge your unit This dmge would NOT be covered under your wrrnty 2 15

Flnge/Room - The first multieffects progrm is lyered stereo flnge nd lrge room reverb It works gret on guitrs, synths nd electric pinos Chorus/Room - The second multieffects progrm is lyered stereo chorus nd lrge room reverb lso tht one works gret on guitrs, synths nd electric pinos Rotry- The Rotry effect emultes rotting speker This effect ws extremely populr during the 1960s nd ws chieved by mechniclly rotting the spekers to produce complex timbrl chnges The lezlie speker system is most often used with tone-wheel orgns, but is occsionlly used for guitr mplifiction s well When chnging the speed between fst nd slow, the effect will slowly rmp to the new speed rther thn chnge bruptly, just s the originl would do Note: When using the Rotry progrm, the Mix prmeter should be turned ll the wy to the right Pitch-BsedPrmeterdjust On the chorus nd flnge progrms, the Rte control sets the speed of the chorus or flnging sweep When the chorus rte is incresed, the depth is similrly decresed to mintin constnt pitch shift On the Rotry progrm, the [VRITIONS] knob controls the speed of the Lezlie motor, either fst or slow On the Flnge/Room nd Chorus/Room progrms the [VRITIONS] knob edits the reverb decy time DelyEffects Dely is discrete echo repet, unlike the rpid wsh of repets tht crete reverb effects It is us- for dding depth to trck or performnce if reverb is dding too much colortion to the sound eful Dely- This progrm provides dely of up to 1000 ms The dely time cn be djusted interms of dely nd decy times This is useful utility progrm which cn dd spce to vocls or instruments without "muddyingup" mix Dely/Room - The third multieffects progrm dds Room to the different dely presets DelyPrmeterdjust Time This control sets the time between the input signl nd the first dely tp Tremolo Tremolo is n mplitude modultion of the signl It is useful for dding wrmth nd life to stnding electric pino orguitr's chords Tremolo- This progrm provides n mplitude modultion of the input signl nd is normlly used s "WET" effect without dding direct sound or dding few percentge of it, so to void the direct sound to cover the mplitude modultion TremoloPrmeterdjust Rte This control sets the mplitude modultion rte uditioning Progrms The DEP hs 16 progrms These progrms hve been chosen to be the most useful effects vilble for lrge vriety of music styles To udition the internl effect progrms, turn the Pro -grm Select knob to scroll through ech of the 16 presets djusting Effects Mix Levels Whether progrm contins single effect or two or three effects, you cn djust the DEP's [MIX] control to obtin desirble blnce between the originl, Uneffected signl nd ech effect's output The [MIX] Knob controls the blnce between the input signl nd the effects generted by the DEP By turning [MIX] to the right llows you to her more effects; turning it to the left lets you her more of the source signl When hooked up to n instrument setup, such s guitr mp, the Mix setting will typiclly be somewhere in the middle, blncing the effects with the sound of the source instrument If the DEP is connected to mixing console's ux Send, the [MIX] control should be set ll the wy to the right (effects only) so tht the blnce cn be controlled from the bord When the [MIX] control is turned ll the wy to the left, you will only her the direct signl (effects will be bypssed) Editing Progrms ny of the internl progrms on the DEP my be editing using the [VRITIONS] knob The function of this knob will chnge depending on the Progrm selected For exmple, it will djust reverb decy on Hll progrm nd lezlie speed on the Rotry progrm The djust knob is lwys ctive, so when you chnge to new progrm it will utomticlly red the djust knob setting Bypssing Effects t ny time you cn bypss the effects, thereby llowing the direct signl to pss through the DEP unchnged This cn be done in two wys: by turning the MIX knob ll the wy to the left, by connecting footswitch to the [BYPSS] jck nd pressing the footswitch Ech time the footswitch connect to the [BYPSS] jck is pressed On the rer pnel you will find footswitch jck lbeled [BYPSS] This is mono jck with connection for norml momentry footswitch The footswitch must be plugged in before the DEP hs its power turned on Plcement nd Instlltion The DEP my be mounted lmost nywhere when it's needed: on tble, on top of n mp, neto to mixing console In ny cse, mke sure to plce it sfely where it will not fll or be dmged If it will be on furniture, mke sure to ttch the rubber feet provided to the bottom of the unit While the DEP itself doesn't generte ny mgnetic or hum fields, its power supply my do so Mke sure to plce the power supply wy from other udio equipment tht is sensitive to induced fields, nd wy from the signl wiring In rre instnces, the DEP itself my pick up noise fields generted by other equipment such s lrge power mplifiers; in this cse, move the DEP until the noise goes wy Rck Mounting The most secure mounting is on "universl" rck shelf, vilble from vrious rck mnufcturers or your music deler The DEP's height conforms to single-spce ounting, nd up to three DEPs my be mounted side-by-side in stndrd universl EI 19" equipment rck 14 3

CHPTER 2 CONNECTIONS C Power Hookup The DEP comes with power dpter suitble for the voltge of the country it is shipped to (either 110 or 220V, 50 or 60 Hz) To turn on the DEP, plug the smll end of the power dpter cord into DEP's [POWER] socket nd the mle (plug) end into source of C power It's good prctice tht do not plug in the DEP until ll other cbles re hooked up SHOW cnnot be responsible for problems cused by using the DEP or ny ssocited equipment with improper C wiring Line Conditioners nd Protectors lthough the DEP is designed to tolerte typicl voltge vritions, in tody's world the voltge coming from the C line my contin spikes or trnsients tht cn possibly stress your ger nd,over time, cuse filure There re three min wys to protect ginst this, listed in scending order of cost nd complexity: Line spike/surge protectors Reltively inexpensive, these re designed to protect ginst strong surges nd spikes, cting somewht like fuses in tht they need to be replced if they've been hit by n extremely strong spike Line filters These generlly combine spike/surge protection with filters tht remove some line noise (dimmer hsh, trnsients from other pplinces, etc) Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) This is the most sophisticted option UPS provides power even if the C power line fils completely Intended for computer llows you to complete n orderly shutdown of computer system in the event of power pplictions, UPS outge, nd the isoltion it provides from the power line minimizes ll forms of interference-spikes, noise, etc udio Connections The connections between the DEP nd your studio re your music's lifeline, so use only high qulity cbles These should be low-cpcitnce shielded cbles with strnded (not solid) internl conductor nd low-resistnce shield lthough high qulity cbles cost more, they do mke difference Route cbles to the DEP correctly by observing the following precutions: Do not bundle udio cbles with C power cords void running udio cbles, or plcing the DEP itself, ner sources of electromgnetic interference such s trnsformers, monitors, computers, etc Never unplug cble by pulling on the wire itself lwys unplug by firmly grsping the body of the plug nd pulling directly outwrd Do not plce cbles where they cn be stepped on Stepping on cble my not cuse immedite dmge, but it cn compress the insultion between the center conductor nd shield (degrding performnce), or reduce the cble's relibility void twisting the cble or hving it mke shrp, right ngle turns 4 Pitch Bsed Effects (5 Progrms) Pitch bsed effects lter the pitch nd dely of signl in vrious wys to produce "lyered" timbres tht re more complex thn the originl signl Some of these effects re chieved by splitting the signl into t lest two prts, effecting the pitch of one of the prts, then mixing them bck together This eventul mixing is essentil since the overll sound of the effect is chieved by the difference between the dry, uneffected signl nd the effects signl Therefore, when using chorus or flnge, it's best to keep the mix of effected nd direct signl t equl strength This could men setting the [MIX] control t 50% of the DEP on n instrument setup, or rising the effect return on mixer Flnge- First used in the 1960s, "flnging" ws chieved by the use of two tpe recorders tht would record nd ply bck the sme progrm in synchroniztion By slowing down one tpe mchine, nd then letting it ctch up with the other, different phse cncelltions would occur t different frequencies Since the slowing down of the tpe mchines ws done by hnd pressure ginst the flnges of the tpe supply reels, the term "flnging" cme into being Flnging is similr to chorusing, but modultes the delyed signl over much shorter dely rnge (typiclly 0-12 ms) This produces "jet irplne" -like sound In the cse of the DEP's flnge, the signl is split into four prts with stereo dry signl nd seprte dely section for both left nd right chnnels with one chnnel flnging up while the DRY SIGNL FEEDBCK DELY LEFT FLNGED OUTPUT DRY other chnnel flnges down Once SIGNL gin, this cuses the effect to become more pronounced nd drmtic LEFT DRY SIGNL LEFT DRY SIGNL 13 DELY DELY DRY SIGNL DRY SIGNL DELY FEEDBCK DETUNE LFO LFO DETUNE FEEDBCK FIGHT FLNGED OUTPUT Chorus- The chorus effect is chieved by splitting the signl into four prts with dry signl nd seprte detuning section for both left nd right chnnels The detuning is further effected by being modulted by n LFO (low frequency oscilltor) which cuses the detuning to vry The DEP's chorus hs individul LFOs controlling the left nd right sides, set t different rtes This effect, clled true stereo chorus, often hs wier stereo imge thn regulr stereo chorus effe cts When the Rte is chnged on true stereo chorus, the chorus rte difference between the left nd rig -ht sides is minyined Note: This chorus processes the left nd right sides individully, so ny stereo im -ging will be mintined LFO RIGHT CHORUSED OUTPUT RIGHT CHORUSED OUTPUT

CHPTER3 OVERVIEWOFPROGRMS ReverbEffects Reverb is mde up of lrge number of distinct echoes, clled reflections In nturl coustic spce, ech reflection's mplitude nd brightness decys over time This decying ction is influenced by the room size, the loction of the sound source in the room, the hrdness of the wlls, nd mny other fctors The DEP offers the following types of reverbertion: ConcertHll(3Progrms) This is simultion of lrge concert hll Hlls tend to be lrge rooms with lots of reflective surfces, where sounds cn swim round, chnging timbre over time This is clssic reverb which sounds good on just bout nything Try it on vocls, drums, coustic, electric, or orchestrl instruments Hll 1 - This is lrge bright hll progrm It works well for lmost nything, try it on drums,guitrs orvocls Hll 2 - This is wrmer hll progrm It especilly dds depth nd chrcter to coustic guitrs ndpinoswithit'sdecysetlong Hll 3 - The third progrm is medium hll with 12ms of predely before the reverb strts It sounds gret on big rock snres, but try it on vocls nd electric guitr too RelRoom(3Progrms) This lgorithm gives you the sound of medium size studio room This lgorithm uses lot of processing power for rich sound nd smooth decy It hs punchier, bigger sound thn hll reverb, which mkes it good for rock nd dnce music The ttck is lso more reflective It sounds good on drums, keybords nd guitrs Room 1- This hrdwood studio room hs lot of erly reflection slp for big drum sounds It lso works well for coustic instruments, especilly with the decy turned up Room 2- This progrm is perfect for dding little mbince to dry trck Try it on ntiseptic synth sounds or on dry, unplugged mixes with the decy set short Room 3- Idel for coustic guitrs nd clssicl instruments, this progrm emultes wrmer studioroom PlteReverb(2Progrms) This is simultion of clssic echo plte, 4' by 8' suspended sheet of metl with trnsducers t either end used to produce reverb Populr in the 1970's, it is still prized for its trnsprent sound, prticulrly on vocls nd guitrs It works well for lush led vocl, pino, or guitr, especilly when looking for clssicrock nd rollsound Plte 1- Plte 2- The first progrm is clssic bright vocl plte for pristine led nd bckground vocls wrmer vrition of the previous progrm, gret for dding sustin on coustic guitr ndstrings Reverb Prmeter djust Decy Decy The reverb decy determines how long the reverb will sound before it dies wy Turning up the reverb decy will hve the effect of incresing the room's size Generlly, clssicl, jzz, nd blld styles will use longer decy times thn up-tempo rock or dnce music 12 Typicl pplictions The udio inputs nd outputs re typiclly used in one of three wys: from one or two effect/ux send outputs of mixer, nd out to the effect return inputs of the mixer; or, from line-level instrument (like guitr or keybord with either mono or stereo output),nd out to n mplifier or mixer input; or from the stereo buss outputs of mixer to mix-down tpe mchine or mplifier When used with mono source, the DEP is plced between the source nd the mixer/mplifier lthough the source my be mono, both the [LEFT] nd [RIGHT] outputs cn be connected to the inputs of mixer/mplifier if stereo processing effects re desired If using the effect sends of mixer, you hve the dvntge of sending ny of the mixer's input chnnels to the DEP's input(s), nd hve control over the level of ech chnnel being sent These pplictions re outlined nd illustrted in detil on the following pges Input Jck Wiring The DEP's [LEFT] INPUT jck is normlled to the [RIGHT] INPUT This mens tht if you only connect single mono cble to the [LEFT] INPUT jck, it will lso be routed to the [RIGHT] INPUT However, if nything is connected to the [RIGHT] INPUT jck, this normlized connection will be broken; in this cse the [LEFT] INPUT jck will feed only the [LEFT] INPUT, nd the [RIGHT] INPUT jck feeds only the [RIGHT] INPUT lso, the [RIGHT] INPUT jck is NOT normlled to the [LEFT] Inputs LEFT/CH1 LEFT/CH1 RIGHT/CH 2 Connecting Directly to n Instrument Outputs LEFT/CH 1 RIGHT/CH 2 LEFT/CH 1 RIGHT/CH 2 When connecting udio cbles nd/or turning power on nd off, mke sure tht ll devices in your system hve their volume controls turued down The DEP hs two 1/4" unblnced inputs nd two 1/4" unblnced outputs These provide three different udio hookup options: MONO Connect 1/4" phone cord to the [LEFT] INPUT of the DEP from mono source, nd nother 1/4" phone cord from the [LEFT] output of the DEP to n mplifiction system or mixer input 5

FROM INSTRUMENT OR EFFCTS SEND TO MPLIFIER OR MIXING CONSOLE LEFT OUTPUT MONO IN, STEREO OUT While still using mono input, you could connect two 1/4" phone cords to the [LEFT] nd [RIGHT] outputs of the DEP to stereo mplifiction system or two mixer inputs FROM INSTRUMENT OR EFFCTS SEND TO MPLIFIER OR MIXING CONSOLE LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT STEREO Connect two 1/4" phone cords to the [LEFT] nd [RIGHT] INPUTS of the DEP from stereo source, nd two other 1/4" phone cords from the [LEFT] nd [ RIGHT] OUTPUTS of the DEP to stereo mplifiction system or two mixer inputs voiding Ground Loops In tody's studio, where it seems every piece of equipment hs complex routing nd computer logic, there re mny opportunities for ground loop problems to occur These show up s hums, buzzes or sometimes rdio reception nd cn occur if piece of equipment "sees" two or more different pths to ground While there re methods to virtully eliminte ground loops nd stry rdio frequency interference, most of the professionl methods re expensive nd involve instlling seprte power source just for t he sound system Here re some esy helpful hints tht professionl studio instller might use to keep those stry hums nd buzzes to minimum (1) KEEP LL ELECTRONICS OF THE SOUND SYSTEM ON THE SME C ELECTRICL CIRCUIT Most stry hums nd buzzes hppen s result of different prts of the sound system being plugged into outlets of different C circuits If ny noise generting devices such s ir conditioners, refrigertors, neon lights, etc, re lredy plugged into one of these circuits, you then hve perfect condition for stry buzzes Since most electronic devices of sound system don't require lot of current (except for power mplifiers), it's usully sfe to run multi-outlet box or two from SINGLE wll outlet nd plug in ll of the components of your system there (2) KEEP UDIO WIRING S FR WY FROM C WIRING S POSSIBLE Mny hums come from udio cbling being too ner C wiring or the power trnsformers used by equipment requiring n externl supply If hum occurs, try moving the udio wiring round to see if the ceses or diminishes If it's not possible to seprte the udio nd C wiring in some instnces, hum mke sure tht the udio wires don't run prllel to ny C wire (they should only cross t right ngles, if possible) (3) TO ELIMINTE HUM IF THE BOVE HS FILED: () Disconnect the power from ll outbord devices nd tpe mchines except for the mixer nd control room monitor power mp (B) Plug in ech tpe mchine nd outbord effects device one t time If possible, flip the polrity of the plug of ech device (turn it round in the socket) until the quietest position is found (C) Mke sure tht ll of the udio cbles re in good working order Cbles with detched ground wire will cuse very loud hum!! (D) Keep ll cbles s short s possible, especilly in unblnced circuits FROM INSTRUMENT OR EFFCTS SEND RIGHT INPUT TO MPLIFIER OR MIXING CONSOLE LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT If the bsic experiments don't uncover the source of the problem, consult your deler or technicin trined in proper studio grounding techniques In some cses, "str grounding" scheme must be used, with the mixer t the center of the str providing the shield ground on telescoping shields, which do NOT connect to the chssis ground of other equipment in the system Note tht the DEP, with its externl low-voltge power supply, hs no power supply ground Its power is trnsformer isolted for sfety, so it hs no need for "sfety ground" Signl ground is connected to chssis ground t the input nd output jcks (s it is in most unblnced equipment) If the DEP is ttched to metl rck mounting shelf, the ssembly shres common ground with the other equipment in the sme rck In some cses (such s str ground scheme), you my wish to use nonconductive rck rils or rck isoltors to void ground loops To void the possibility of electric shock, never defet the sfety ground found on other equipment in the system When in doubt bout proper electricl grounding schemes or the power to your system, consult qulified, licensed electricin 6 11

INSERT LEFT OUTPUT Interfcing to Mixing Console The DEP hndles mono or stereo sends t ll system levels The input circuitry of the DEP cn esily hndle professionl +4 dbu levels (+20 dbu peks), while hving enough input nd output gin to interfce with the low -10 dbv signl levels of home recording systems MIXER The DEP my be connected to mixing console in severl different wys It cn be used to effect multiple chnnels t once by using the uxiliry send nd return controls of the mixer nother method of interfcing is to connect the unit directly to the insert send nd return ptch points of single chnnel tht is to be effected Still nother wy of interfcing the DEP to mixer or recording console would be in-line between the output of your mixing console nd the input of tpe deck or power mplifier This lst setup would be used only if you wnted effects on the entire mix UsingMinOutputs When you wnt to dd effects to everything on the mixer, you cn connect the DEP between the mixer's outputs nd the mplifier's or tpe mchine's inputs This is done by using two 1/4" mono cbles to connect the Left nd Right Min Outputs of the mixing console to the [LEFT/MONO] nd [RIGHT] inputs of the DEP The [LEFT] nd [RIGHT] outputs of the DEP re then connected to stereo mplifier, or two input chnnels of nother mixing console (for sub-mixing pplictions) LEFT MSTER OUTPUT RIGHT INPUT Using ux Sends nd Returns Generlly, mixing consoles provide two types of uxiliry sends: pre-fder sends for creting cue (hedphone or monitor) mix, nd post-fder sends for effects units Typiclly, if mixer hs more thn two sends per chnnel (4, 6 or 8, perhps), the first two sends re reserved for the cue sends, while the remining sends re used to feed effects such s the DEP Connect the DEP using post-fder sends, so tht when you fde chnnel out, its effects will fde lso Using mixer's ux sends llows ech chnnel to hve its own level control feeding the ux output (nd eventully the DEP input) You cn mke mix of ny chnnels you wnt to go to the effects by using the individul chnnels' ux send levels on the mixer Most consoles lso hve ux mster controls, which set the overll level of ech ux output MIXER But sending signl to the DEP is only hlf the story With mixing console, the output of the DEP must be returned to the mixer nd turned up in the mix before you cn her it Depending on the design of your mixer, you hve two options for returning the effected signl to the mix: LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT connecting to dedicted ux return inputs, or connecting to chnnel inputs chnnel inserts POWER MP UsingtheDEPwithPoweredMixer You cn drmticlly improve the sound qulity of powered mixer by connecting digitl effects units such s the DEP to it in the sme wy you would connect it to regulr mixer, with one importntnote: Never connect n output intended for loudspeker (the power mplifier output) to the input of the DEP This will cuse dmge tht will not be covered by the wrrnty Consult the mnul of your mixer for more informtion Generlly, the best wy is to connect the "Effect Out" jck of the mixer to the DEP following the procedure on pge 7 If the system is not stereo, you my connect only the [LEFT] output of the DEP to n "Effect Return" or other input You will get slightly deeper, more complex effect if you cn connect both the [LEFT] nd [RIGHT] outputs ofthe DEP to inputs on the mixer The former is good if your mixer provides dedicted inputs (clled returns) for effect devices like the DEP If your mixer does not hve these, or you hve lredy used them ll, consider connecting the DEP to chnnel inputs (if there re ny remining)this method gives you the dded bonus of more pnning options nd EQ on the effects No mtter where you connect the output of the DEP into the mixer, you re in control of the blnce between the mixer's chnnel inputs (the uneffected signl being routed to the ux sends nd the Mix), nd the effect returns coming from the DEP The effect returns generlly should only contin effected signl, nd not hve ny uneffected or "DRY" signl mixed with it (since these two signls re blended together t the mixer)therefore, it is necessry to set the mix so tht only effected ("WET") signl is present t the DEP's outputs To do this, turn the Mix control ll the wy to the right 10 7

MONO IN - STEREO OUT If you only wnt to feed the DEP mono input, but wish to connect both of its outputs bck to the mixer, you will need three 1/4" udio cbles Connect 1/4" phone cord from n effect send to the [LEFT] input of the DEP, nother 1/4" phone cord from the [LEFT] output of the DEP to n effect return or other mixer input, nd nother 1/4" phone cord from the [RIGHT] output of the DEP to n djcent effect return or mixer input The DEP cretes stereo output, even though only single input is used UX SEND1 UX SEND1 MIXER UX SEND2 UX RETURNS OR INPUT CHNNELS UX RETURNS OR INPUT CHNNELS 0 10 0 0 10 10 RIGHT INPUT LEFT OUTPUT LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT STEREO IN - STEREO OUT This connection is similr to the one described bove However, by utilizing two sends from the mixer, we dd one more cord nd cn now send stereo signl to the DEP's inputs For exmple, if you connected sends 3 nd 4 to the [LEFT] nd [RIGHT] inputs, nd hd stereo instrument (such s keybord) connected to two chnnel inputs of the mixer (either one pnned hrd left nd hrd right), you would send the left chnnel to send 3 nd the right chnnel to send 4 This is especilly useful on the true stereo chorus progrm; on reverb nd dely progrms only mono input is needed RIGHT OUTPUT 1 Set your mixer's input levels correctly, following the instructions for the mixer 2 Turn up the mixer chnnels' UX SEND nd UX MSTERS (if pplicble) to nominl level (this is usully between "noon" nd "3:00" on rotry knob) 3 Ply the source 4 Turn up the DEP's [INPUT] level until you see the [SIGNL] LED turn red on peks; then reduce it slightly until the red doesn't flsh The idel input level, for optimum noise performnce, is just below clipping But if other instruments will be dded to the mix lter, or levels re unpredictble (s in live show), leve yourself dditionl hedroom by turning the input level down bit more 5 Depending on the input sensitivity of the mixer's chnnels or ux Returns, the [OUTPUT] knob of the DEP should be set somewhere between "2:00" nd fully clockwise ("5:00") 6 Turn up the UX RETURN level until you get the desired level of effect in the mix The one control in the chin tht my need to be set to low level is the ux Return (or chnnel) on the mixer itself Here is where you should increse or decrese the overll effect level in the mix, for best low-noise performnce If you wnt "just hint" of reverb, don't turn down the send to the DEP; turn down the ux Return Leve the input levels where they were set in step 4, unless you see the [SIGNL] LED flsh Using Inserts If your mixer fetures individul chnnel inserts, you cn dedicte the DEP to specific chnnel on the mixer Insert jcks on the bck of mixer provide wy of "inserting" externl processing equipment into the signl pth The insert occurs fter the input mplifier, nd before the chnnel fder; essentilly it is the sme s connecting the source (instrument or microphone) into the DEP before the mixer's chnnel input However, some mixing console's inserts come fter the EQ section, nd my therefore be different from the originl signl If nothing is connected to the chnnel's Insert jck, the signl psses through with no effect MIXER Usully, insert connections require specil, stereo-splitting Y-cord to be connected (one stereo plug provides both send nd return while two mono plugs connect seprtely to the effects unit's input nd output) These re known s TRS connectors (tip-ring-sleeve) The tip of the stereo plug crries the send or output of the insert jck, while the ring crries bck the return The sleeve represents common ground for both signls How to Set ux Send nd Return Levels on the Mixer In the bove hookups, you must set correct levels on the mixer's individul ux Sends, ux Msters, nd ux Return msters (s well s the DEP's own controls) to get good, clen, quiet results Improper level setting is the most common cuse of noise nd distortion problems By hving the correct level t every point in the send/return chin, you void distortion by overloding nd void noise The most common mistke with effect units like the DEP is to hve too low level t the input, then crnk up the output to get the effects level desired, this mplifie's noise nd wstes hedroom Here is procedure tht will give good results with most stndrd equipment: 8 This involves connecting 1/4" TRS (tip-ring-sleeve) Y-cble to the Insert jck of single chnnel on mixing console The other end of the cble (which splits into two, 1/4" mono connectors) re connected to the [LEFT] input nd [LEFT] output, respectively If you do not her ny udio fter mking these connections, swp the input nd output cbles t the DEP, s these my be wired bckwrds If the cble is color-coded, usully the red jck represents the send (which connects to the DEP's input) nd blck is the return (which connects to the output) Once the proper connection hs been mde, you must set the desired "wet/dry" blnce using the DEP's [MIX] control The [INPUT] nd [OUTPUT] controls of the DEP should be set for unity gin: the volume when the Insert jck is plugged in the mixer should be pproximtely the sme s when the DEP is out of the circuit 9