New Headway Plus: Pre-Intermediate UNIT 8 GRAMMAR
ITEMS TO BE COVERED IN THE UNIT have (got) to should / must
STARTER, PAGE 62...get up early every morning pay bills go to school work at the weekend.
HAVE TO ( FORM) Prepared by Dahlia Yousri has / have + to + infinitive Positive and Negative I We You They have to don t have to to work hard. He She It has doesn t have
HAVE TO ( FORM) Prepared by Dahlia Yousri has / have + to + infinitive Question Do I we you they have to work hard? Does he she it
HAVE TO (FORM) Short answer with have to Examples A: Do you have to wear a uniform? B: Yes, I do. Nader: Does he have to go now? Ahmad: No, he doesn t.
HAVE TO ( NOTE ) The past tense of have to is had to, with did and didn t in the question and the negative. Examples I had to get up early this morning. Why did you have to work last weekend? They liked the hotel because they didn t have to do any cooking.
HAVE TO ( USE ) 1. Have to expresses strong obligation. The obligation comes from outside perhaps a law, a rule at school or work, or someone in authority Examples: You have to have a driving licence if you want to drive a car. ( That s the law) I have to start work at 08:00. ( My company says I must.) The doctor says I have to do more exercise.
HAVE TO ( USE ) 2. Don t / Doesn t have to expresses absence of obligation ( it isn t necessary ) Examples: You don t have to do the washing up. I ve got a dishwasher. She doesn t have to work on Monday. It s her day off.
HAVE TO ( ACTIVITY) Complete the sentences with have to, has to, or had to and suitable verb 1. I glasses because my eyes aren t very good. 2. Remember! When you drive in England you.on the left. 3. A: Can I go and see the dentist when I want? 4. B: Well, usually you.an appointment, unless it s an emergency. 5. At weekends Jack wears jeans and a T-shirt. During the week he a suit and a tie. 6. I don t like my job. Sometimes I till midnight. 7. Their car broke down, so they..it to the garage.
INTRODUCTION TO MODAL VERBS
INTRODUCTION TO MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS FORM can could might must Modal Auxiliary Verbs are shall should will would
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS: FORM 1. They another verb. The verb form is the infinitive without to. Examples: She can drive I must get my hair cut.
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS: FORM 2. There is NO do / does in the question. Examples Can she drive? Should I go home now?
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS: FORM 3. The form is the same for all persons. There is no -s in the third person singular: Examples He can sing very well. She should try harder. It will rain soon.
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS: FORM 4. To for the negative, add ( n t ). There is NO don t / doesn t. Examples I wouldn t like to be a teacher. You mustn t steal. NOTE: will not = won t It won t rain tomorrow
END OF INTRODUCTION Now, let s focus on
SHOULD: FORM should + infinitive without to The forms of should are the same for all persons. Positive and negative I He We They should do more exercises. shouldn t tell lies.
SHOULD: FORM should + infinitive without to The forms of should are the same for all persons. Questions Should Do you think I she they I he we see a doctor? should see a doctor?
SHOULD: FORM should + infinitive without to The forms of should are the same for all persons. Short answer Should I phone home? Should I buy a Mercedes Benz? Yes, you should. No, you shouldn t.
SHOULD: USE Should is used to express what the speaker thinks is right or the best thing to do. It expresses mild obligation, or advice. Examples I should do my homework. (This is my opinion.) You should do more work. (I m telling you what I think.) Do you think we should stop here? ( I m asking you for your opinion.)
SHOULD: USE Prepared by Dahlia Yousri Should expresses negative advice. Example: You shouldn t sit so close to the TV. It s bad for your eyes. ************************************** NOTE: Should expresses the opinion of the speaker, and it is often introduced by I think or I don t think. Examples: I think politicians should listen more. I don t think people should get married until they re 21.
MUST: FORM Must + infinitive without to The forms of must are the same for all persons. Positive and negative I He We They must try harder mustn t steal
MUST: FORM Questions with must are possible, but the use of have to is more common. Questions Must I take exam? Do I have to take exams? Short answer Yes, you must. Yes, you do.
MUST: USE 1. Must expresses strong obligation. Generally, this obligation comes from inside the speaker. Example I must get my hair cut. (I think this is necessary.) 2. Because must expresses the authority of the speaker, you should be careful of using You must..it sounds bossy!! Example You must help me. (I am giving you an order.) 3. You must.can express a strong suggestion. Example You must give me a ring when you re next in town.
ACTIVITY: Prepared by Dahlia Yousri Complete the sentences with a form of have to or should. Make the verbs negative when necessary 1. You hair s too long. I think you..get it cut. 2. I ve put on weight. I eat so many sweets. 3. I m going to bed. I.be up early tomorrow. 4. I d like to meet your cousin. You.invite her around. 5. I..tell my parents where I am, then they don t worry. 6. You..come with me if you don t want to. I ll go on my own. 7. If you need some help with your homework, you go to the library. 8. You.tell lies. It s wrong.
END OF UNIT 8 GRAMMAR