Grade 9 Final Exam Review June 2017
ELEMENTS OF FICTION Review Day 1
PLOT DIAGRAM REVIEW Climax Rising Action Falling Action Resolution Exposition
Plot is described as the events in a story. It has a beginning, middle, and an end.
Plot is made up of five parts: 1) Exposition - The beginning of the story; we are introduced to the characters and the setting 2) Rising Action - Begins with an inciting incident. Then the events in the story become more and more complicated. The suspense and interest of the reader increases.
3) Climax - The highest point of interest and the turning point of the story 4) Falling Action - The conflict begins to resolve itself. The reader knows what has happened next and if the conflict was resolved or not 5) Resolution - This is the final outcome or untangling of events in the story
Walk Tall by John Mellencamp
CHARACTER REVIEW There are six terms we use to define and describe characters. Protagonist: The main character(s) in the story. He/she always faces a conflict. Some examples:
Antagonist: The character(s) or force that is in conflict with the protagonist. In some cases, this might not even be a living thing. Some examples:
Round: Fully developed characters who are complex and realistic. The reader is exposed to different sides of their personality, lifestyle, and interests. Clear and realistic character traits. Flat: Characters who are less developed (often stereotypical) they are usually minor characters and less realistic.
Dynamic: A character who undergoes a change in personality. He/she is affected by the events, and it has changed his/her personality, behavior, or perspective on life. Static: A character whose personality remains the same throughout the story. He/she is unchanged by the events that have happened.
CONFLICT REVIEW Conflict can fit into two main categories: External conflict Person vs. Person Person vs. Nature Person vs. Society Internal Conflict Person vs. Self
Person vs. Person A character struggles against another character. Example: Andy, a Royal, gets stabbed by a member of the rival gang, the Guardians.
Person vs. Nature A character struggles against forces of nature. Storms, struggles against animals and physical ailments, like disease. Example: In The Revenant, the main character is left for dead after being mauled by a bear in the cold northern territory.
Person vs. Society A character struggles against the society in which he or she lives. Usually a fight against social traditions, rules, or laws. Example: Mohammad Ali refused to be drafted into the USA armed forces in 1967.
Person vs. Self A character dealing with his or her own mixed feelings or emotions Not a visual or tangible opposition Example: A character may have to decide between right and wrong or between two solutions to a problem.
POINT OF VIEW REVIEW Point of View: The angle or perspective from which the story is told
First Person POV When the narrator is a character in the story This narrator is personally involved with other characters and the plot He/she is usually the protagonist We find out only what this character knows, thinks, and witnesses
Second Person POV When the narrator refers to the protagonist with the personal pronoun you. Places you in the shoes of a character within the story Not commonly used
Third Person Limited POV The narrator is NOT a character in the story. The narrator follows the protagonist and has access to only his/her thoughts and feelings Other characters are seen through their actions and dialogue only
Third Person Omniscient POV The narrator is not a character in the story The narrator has access to the feelings and thoughts of ALL characters The narrator can be in multiple places at the same time All knowing, all seeing: God-like
Third Person Objective POV The narrator is not a character in the story The narrator does not have access to the thoughts and feelings of the characters The narrator follows one character Knows only what is observed
REVIEW DAY 1 QUIZ
READING COMPREHENSION Review Day 2
GRAMMAR, PUNCTUATION, AND BASIC EDITING Review Day 3
PARTS OF SPEECH REVIEW Noun person, place, or thing Proper noun a specific person, place, or thing; must be capitalized Verb an action or state of being (is, are, was, were, ect.) Adjective - describes a noun Adverb - describes a verb and usually ends in ly Conjunction connects words, phrases, and clauses
COMMA RULES REVIEW Use a comma with a coordinating conjunction to form a compound sentence Example: Some of the kids are watching TV, and some of the kids are playing games. Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS) For And Nor But Or Yet SO
You cannot join two complete sentences together with a comma. This is called a comma splice. Examples: Grandma bought me a new sweater for Christmas, it s pretty nice too. A dog popped put of nowhere and started chasing me, I was so scared.
A run on sentence is two or more sentences written incorrectly as one. Examples: She was beautiful they fell in love instantly. There is a new student in our class he is really nice. The new cars in the lot are really nice people are impressed.
There are three ways to fix comma splices and run on sentences: 1. Use a period to make two sentences. 2. Use a semicolon 3. Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
Apostrophe Errors Find the error in the following sentences: 1. I love Charlie s laugh because its so loud and high-pitched. 2. I m so excited to hear your parents idea about our new house. 3. Isnt it nice to just sit here quietly and relax.
Basic Editing Which sentence is edited correctly: a) Toronto s sports teams all did poorly last year, but I am hoping they do better this year. b) The kids sat and wondered if they were allowed to listen to their music after they'd completed there test. c) If you could work on your conventions Billy you would be a much better writer.
Which sentence is correct: a) Little Ronny, who used to take the bus to school doesn t talk to me anymore. b) Little Ronny, who used to take the bus to school, doesn t talk to me anymore. c) Little Ronnie, who used to take the bus to school, doesnt talk to me anymore.
REVIEW DAY 3 QUIZ
FORSHADOWING, FLASHBACK, AND THE OUTSIDERS Review Day 4
The Outsiders Darry really: a) resented Pony for making him miss college b) respected Pony because of his common sense and loyalty c) disliked having to take care of Ponyboy d) loved Pony and was proud of him
Which of the following characters would be considered flat? a) Two-Bit Matthews c) Cherry Valance b) Mrs. Cade d) Dallas Winston The Outsiders was told using what narrative point of view? a) first person c) third person omniscient b) third person limited d) different points of view
Foreshadowing The narrator hints at something that may happen later on in the novel In the novel,the Outsiders, Dally carries an empty gun. How would you explain this as foreshadowing?
Foreshadowing in The Outsiders And Johnny, who was the most law-abiding of us, now carried in his back pocket a six-inch switchblade. He d use it, too, if he ever got jumped again. They had scared him that much. He would kill the next person who jumped him. If that old church ever caught fire, there d be no stopping it. Ponyboy and Johnny run off to the park to cool off after Darry hits Ponyboy. Pony infers Dally has broke and reached his breaking point. I been carryin around a heater. It ain t loaded, but it sure does help in a bluff.
REVIEW DAY 4 QUIZ
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE AND POETRY Review Day 5
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE REVIEW Simile: a comparison of two things using the word like or as Ex. The man is like a tall oak tree. Metaphor: A comparison of two things without the use of like or as. Ex. My heart's a stereo. Personification: Giving life-like qualities to an inanimate object Ex. The wind whispers through the trees. Hyperbole: An exaggeration that is used for emphasis. Ex. I ve told you a million times not to shoot fireworks in the house!
Onomatopoeia: the use of words that imitate the sound they represent. Ex. oink, bark, ring, meow, clang, bang Alliteration: The repetition of initial sounds in a line of poetry. Ex. Students should sit silently in their seats.
POETRY TERMS REVIEW Diction: the word choices the poet makes. Denotation: the dictionary meaning of a word. Connotation: the subjective, emotional meaning of a word. Stanza: the name we give the paragraphs found in a poem. Rhyme scheme: the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem. We represent a poems rhyme scheme with letters.
REVIEW DAY 5 QUIZ
PERSUASIVE ESSAY Review Day 6 and 7
PERSUASIVE ESSAY TOPICS Some novels, because of the topics they explore or the language used in them, are banned from being read in high schools. In certain U.S. states, The Outsiders was banned from being taught. Should The Outsiders be allowed to be read and taught in high school classrooms? Should every student have their own laptop? Should there be more opportunities for students to travel abroad for school?
Introduction Hook Description of issue Thesis statement with reasons Three Body Paragraphs Topic sentence that connects to thesis statement At least two supporting details Obvious concluding sentence that relates to the topic sentence Conclusion Reworded thesis statement Review of reasons Final thought or call to action