Internet of Things RF-Test Eduardo Inzunza Speaker Title 18-Jun-2017
Topics IoT Introduction IoT Spectrum Analysis IoT Signal Analysis does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 2
IoT Introduction Market Drivers Expected growth of 20% to 34% for the next 5 years Application areas in different industries, including home, healthcare, education, farming, cars, etc. IoT Growth IoT Applications IoT Classification Source: Things Coverage Network Planning White Paper does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 3
IoT Introduction Machine to Machine (M2M) Source: Strategy Analytics M2M Devices High Density of Devices (~100K) Power efficient (with battery life of 10+ years) Can be reached in challenging coverage conditions including shadowing and high path loss (+20dB of GSM) Low cost to be deployed on a mass scale and even be disposable (< $5) Low throughput (~100Kbps) Not stringent delay requirements (10s) Not need to support circuit switched services Not need to support Inter-RAT mobility Will perform intra-rat mobility by cell reselection. Connections APPLICAITONS does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 4
IoT Introduction Licensed Spectrum (Cellular) The mobile industry has developed and standardized a new class of low power wide area (LPWA) technologies in licensed spectrum considering low cost, low power consumption and high coverage fulfilling IoT applications. Extended Coverage GSM for Internet of Things (EC-GSM-IoT) Allow the technology to be introduced into existing GSM networks Bandwidth requirement TDMA 200KHz [GMSK, 8PSK] LTE Machine Type Communications Category M1 (LTE MTC Cat M1 or LTE-M) Bandwidth requirement OFDMA 1.08MHz (6 RB), Stand alone bandwidth requirement OFDMA 1.4MHz [QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM] Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT or Cat NB1) Extended coverage compared to the traditional GSM networks. The complexity of NB-IoT devices can be even lower than that of GSM devices Bandwidth requirements OFDMA 180KHz (1 RB) [BPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM] Increased Battery Life 5G IoT Enhanced Coverage Reduced Cost does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 5
IoT Introduction Technologies in Licensed Spectrum Characteristics MTC (LTE Cat M1) NB-IOT EC-GSM-IoT Deployment In-Band LTE In-band LTE, Guard-band LTE, or standalone In-band GSM Downlink Uplink OFDMA, 15KHz sub-carriers QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM SC-FDMA, 15KHz sub-carriers QPSK, 16QAM Bandwidth 1.08MHz (1.4MHz channel with 6 PRB) OFDMA, 15KHz sub-carriers BPSK, QPSK, optional 16QAM SC-FDMA, 15KHz sub-carriers BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK optional 16QAM 180KHz (1 PRB) TDMA/FDMA GMSK, optional 8PSK TDMA/FDMA GMSK, optional 8PSK 200KHz per channel Peak Rate 1Mbps UL and DL 50Kbps UL and DL 16Kbps (GMSK), 60Kbps (8PSK) Duplexing FDD & TDD FDD FDD Power Class 23 dbm, 20 dbm 23 dbm 33 dbm, 23 dbm does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 6
IoT Introduction LTE MTC and NB-IoT LTE as the foundation of IoT Leveraging RF infrastructure (LTE spectrum) Expediting service activation (enb SW upgrades) Monetizing Radio Access Network (Sensor Certification) POWER LTE-MTC LTE FREQ 1.08 MHz (6RB) POWER NB-IoT 6dB Source: Qualcomm 180 KHz (1RB) LTE FREQ does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 7
IoT Introduction Narrow Band IoT Signal Structure UL and DL bandwidth of 180KHz Frequency error is specified to be ±0.1 PPM OFDMA with 12 x 15KHz or 48 x 3.75KHz sub-carriers Uplink - Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel, NPUSCH (BPSK, QPSK) - Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel, NPRACH - Narrowband demodulation reference signal Downlink - Narrowband Physical Downlink Shared Channel, NPDSCH (QPSK) EVM 17.5% - Narrowband Physical Broadcast Channel, NPBCH (QPSK) - Narrowband Physical Downlink Control Channel, NPDCCH (QPSK) - Narrowband reference signal, NRS (sub-frame 0, 4, and 9), SISO or MIMO 2x2 with TAE 65ns Modes of Operation Stand-Alone Guard-band In-band 6dB 6dB 200KHz LTE LTE - Narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS and NSSS) including Cell ID Source: 3GPP 36.802, 36.104, 36.211 does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 8
Topics IoT Introduction IoT Spectrum Analysis IoT Signal Analysis does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 9
IoT Spectrum Analysis Performance Spectrum and Interference NB-IoT User Equipment TX Max Power Class 3 Class 5 Tx Off Power Rx Min Power 23 dbm 20 dbm - 50 dbm -108.2 dbm Multi-ray and wall penetration loss Interference Shadowing NB-IoT Base Station TX Max Power Wide Area Medium Range Local Range Rx Min Power Guard & In-band Stand-Alone None 38 dbm 24 dbm -101.5 dbm -127 dbm!"##$%&'#(&)h+,-- = 20 +,2 4456 ' FSPL = 83dB, d = 500, f = 750MHz WPL 205I, $h&5,jkl2 105I, NB-IoT NB-IoT LTE LTE & NB-IoT Downlink Spectrum CellAdvisor Spectrum & RFoFiber RFoCPRI LTE & NB-IoT Uplink Spectrum does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 10
Topics IoT Introduction IoT Spectrum Analysis IoT Signal Analysis does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 11
IoT Signal Analysis Performance DL Signal Analysis TIME NB-IoT Dynamic Range The NB-IoT RB power dynamic range (or NB-IoT power boosting) is the difference between the power of NB-IoT carrier (which occupies a PRB of LTE carrier inband or 180kHz in guard band) and the average power over all carriers (both LTE and NB-IoT). NB-IoT power dynamic range shall be larger than or equal to +6dB Avg Power NB-IoT Power FREQ (RB) The +6 db power dynamic range is only required for one NB-IoT PRB for both inband and guard band operation modes. NB-IoT 1 NB-IoT 2 LTE 20MHz LTE and NB-IoT In-band Downlink Signal Analysis does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 12
IoT Signal Analysis Narrow-Band IoT Signal Quality Downlink Narrowband Reference Signal (NRS) For NB-IoT, for all bandwidths, the EVM measurement shall be performed for each NB-IoT carrier over all allocated resource and downlink sub-frames within 1 ms measurement periods Narrowband reference signals shall not be transmitted in sub-frames containing NPSS or NSSS NRS modulation requirement (EVM 17.5%) NB-IoT Adjacent RB Power Reserved RE NB-IoT Modulation (Reference Signal) NRS ANTENNA 1 NRS ANTENNA 2 LTE and NB-IoT In-band Signal Quality does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 13
IoT Signal Analysis emtc (LTE-CATM) MTC Data Channels (MPDSCH : 6 RB) LTE-CATM Overview Coexist with LTE, allocating a bandwidth of 1.08MHz (6 PRB), supporting 10Kbps to 1 Mbps LTE 10MHz (50 RB) Enhancements supporting mobility, multicast, positioning, and VoLTE Coverage targets are achieved by repetition across multiple subframes (4 for normal cyclic prefix or 8 for extended cyclic prefix). Modulation scheme of evolved machine type communication physical control channel (MPDCCH) is QPSK MTC Control Channel (MPDCCH) LTE with emtc Downlink Signal Analysis does not create an obligation for to deliver any of the features, functionality or products. changing technology environment, cannot commit to a specific item or date and reserves the right to make changes to the roadmap at any time. 14