Prof. Jendry E. Barrios O.

Prof. Jendry E. Barrios O.

SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT SUBJECT VERB IN PRESENT I You He She It We They work works work hard. COMPLEMENT REMARKS: Notice that the verb in present is basically the same base form of the verb. Notice also that in the third person singular (he, she, it), the verb takes an -s.

If the verb ends in -sh, -ch, -x, -o, -z, -s, add -es. Brush Brushes Go Goes Fix Fixes If the verb ends in -y preceded by a consonant, change the -y to -i and add -es. Try Tries Dry Dries Cry Cries If the verb ends in -y preceded by a vowel, just add -s. Play Plays Stay Stays Buy Buys In all other cases, just add -s. Work Works Make Makes Run Runs

General truths (e.g.: the sun rises in the east) Permanent situations (e.g.: she works at a bank; he lives in Maracaibo) Habits (e.g.: I get up at 6:00 a.m. on weekdays; Carlos jogs for 45 minutes every afternoon) Scheduled events (e.g.: the movie starts at 8:30 p.m.)

The sun rises in the east. The sun sets in the west. I live in a house. He works in a hospital. General truths Permanent situations Scheduled events Habits The movie starts at 8:30 P.M. The concert finishes at 11:00 P.M. I always get up at 6:30 in the morning. John never eats pasta for lunch.

Never Hardly ever, rarely, seldom Sometimes, occasionally, periodically Often, frequently, regularly Usually, generally, normally Always, constantly, continually 0 20 40 60 80 100 REMARKS: All frequency adverbs must be placed between the subject and the verb. e.g.: He usually takes a nap in the afternoon. SOMETIMES can have three different positions in a sentence: 1. Between the subject and the verb. e.g.: I sometimes play soccer. 2. At the beginning of the sentence followed by a comma. e.g.: Sometimes, I play soccer. 3. At the end of the sentence. e.g.: I play soccer sometimes.

SUBJECT DO/DOES + NOT BASE FORM OF VERB COMPLEMENT Subject Do/Does Not I You He She It We They Do + Not Does + Not do does do Base Form Comp. not work hard CONTRACTIONS Don t Doesn t REMARK: In negative statements, you don t add -s/-es to the verb in the third person singular (he, she, it).

I live in Colombia. I do not live in Colombia. I don t live in Colombia. He works in Caracas. He does not work in Caracas. He doesn t work in Caracas. They exercise every morning. They do not exercise every morning. They don t exercise every morning.

DO / DOES Do / Does Subject Base Form Comp. SUBJECT Do I you he Does she work hard? BASE FORM OF VERB Do it we they COMPLEMENT REMARK: In yes/no-questions, you don t add -s/-es to the verb in the third person singular (he, she, it).

You live in Portland. Do you live in Portland? Yes, I do. / No, I don t. They play soccer every Saturday. Do they play soccer every Saturday? Yes, they do. / No, they don t. He speaks Japanese. Does he speak Japanese? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn t.

QUESTION WORD DO / DOES SUBJECT BASE FORM OF VERB COMPLEMENT Question Word Where Do / Does do does do What When Where Why Subject I you he she it we they Base Form work QUESTION WORDS Which Who How How often Comp. in the morning?

They live in Ciudad Ojeda. Where do they live? You get up at 7:00 A.M. What time do you get up? He never takes out the garbage. How often does he take out the garbage? John eats breakfast after he takes a shower. When does John eat breakfast?

Directions: Press and hold CTRL and click on the following links to do the exercises. 1. Write the correct form of the verb. (CLICK HERE) 2. Click on the right answer. (CLICK HERE) 3. Write the correct form of the verb. (CLICK HERE) 4. Provide the correct form of the verb. (CLICK HERE) 5. Click on the right option. (CLICK HERE) 6. Provide the correct form of the verb. (CLICK HERE) 7. Choose the right option. (CLICK HERE) 8. Choose the correct form of the verb in the third person singular. (CLICK HERE) 9. Follow the instructions. (CLICK HERE) 10. Follow the instructions. (CLICK HERE) 11. Change the sentences into the negative form. (CLICK HERE) 12. Complete the statements with the negative form of the verbs. (CLICK HERE)

INGLÉS I EP-0211 / II-0331

Subject Be in present Present Participle I Am SUBJECT You He She It Are Is Is Is Working (work+ing) VERB BE IN PRESENT (AM, IS, ARE) We They Are Are PRESENT PARTICIPLE (VERB WITH ING)

Make Making If the verb ends in a silent -e, drop it and add -ing. Take Taking Lie Lying If the verb ends in -ie, change the -ie to -y and add -ing. Die Dying If the verb ends in a stressed syllable with the consonant-vowel-consonant structure, double the last consonant and add -ing. Shop Shopping Begin Beginning If the verb ends in an unstressed syllable with the consonant-vowel-consonant structure, just add ing Listen Listening Travel Traveling Play Playing In all other cases, just add -ing. Drink Drinking

Ongoing actions in present (e.g.: I m eating an Apple right now) Future plans (e.g.: I m traveling next summer) Unpleasant habits we complain about (e.g.: You re always smoking!) New or temporary habits (e.g.: You re eating too much these days)

You are smoking too much. I am playing soccer right now. New / Temporary Habits Ongoing Actions Unpleasant Habits Future Plans You are always losing your keys! Julie is going to Maracaibo tomorrow.

SUBJECT VERB BE IN PRESENT (AM, IS, ARE) + NOT PRESENT PARTICIPLE (VERB WITH ING) Subject I You He She It We They Are + Not Is + Not Be in present Am Are Is Is Is Are Are Not Not CONTRACTIONS Present Participle Working (work+ing) Aren t Isn t

Peter is sleeping. Peter is not sleeping. Peter isn t sleeping. They are going to Merida. They are not going to Merida. They aren t going to Merida. I am exercising. I am not exercising. I m not exercising.

VERB BE IN PRESENT (AM, IS, ARE) Be in present Am Subject I Present Participle Are You SUBJECT Is Is Is He She It Working (work+ing)? Are We PRESENT PARTICIPLE (VERB WITH ING) Are They

Peter is sleeping. Is Peter sleeping? Yes, he is. / No, he isn t. They are going to Merida. Are they going to Merida? Yes, they are. / No, they aren t. You are exercising. Are you exercising? Yes, I am. / No, I m not.

QUESTION WORD VERB BE IN PRESENT (AM, IS, ARE) SUBJECT PRESENT PARTICIPLE (VERB WITH ING) Question Word (Where) What When Where Why Be in present Am Are Is Is Is Are Are Subject I You He She It We They QUESTION WORDS Which Who How Present Participle Working (work+ing)?

Rita is watching TV. What is Rita doing? Peter is sleeping in his bedroom. Where is Peter sleeping? They are going to Merida tomorrow. When are they going to Merida? John is taking a nap. Who is taking a nap?

Directions: Press and hold CTRL and click on the following links to do the exercises. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Click on the right option for each picture, say what they are or aren t doing. (CLICK HERE) Complete the statements. (CLCIK HERE) Choose the right option. (CLICK HERE) Follow the instructions. (CLICK HERE) Click on the right option. (CLICK HERE) Add ing to the verbs. (CLICK HERE) Choose the right option. (CLICK HERE) Make the statements. (CLICK HERE) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. (CLICK HERE)

INGLÉS I EP-0211 / II-0331

SUBJECT VERB BE IN PAST Subject I You He She It We They Be in past was were was was was were were Complement sick yesterday COMPLEMENT REMARK: The verb BE in past should be translated into Spanish as era or estaba. E.g.: I was sick yesterday / Yo estaba enfermo ayer.

Past states (I was tired, they were kids)

John was sick yesterday. We were tired after the game. I was born in Ciudad Ojeda. The students were on strike for their rights. Carlos was busy this morning. It was hot and sunny last Saturday.

Subject Be in past Not Complement I was SUBJECT You He were was She was not sick yesterday It was VERB BE IN PAST+ NOT We They were were COMPLEMENT Was + Not Were + Not CONTRACTIONS Wasn t Weren t

Amanda was in Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda was not in Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda wasn t in Maracaibo yesterday. They were busy. They were not busy. They weren t busy. It was cloudy last Saturday. It was not cloudy last Saturday. It wasn t cloudy last Saturday.

VERB BE IN PAST Be in past Subject Complement Was I Were you SUBJECT Was Was he she sick yesterday? Was it Were we Were they COMPLEMENT

Amanda was in Maracaibo yesterday. Was Amanda in Maracaibo yesterday? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn t. They were busy. Were they busy? Yes, they were. / No, they weren t. It was cloudy last Saturday. Was it cloudy last Saturday? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn t.

QUESTION WORD VERB BE IN PAST SUBJECT COMPLEMENT QUESTION WORD Where What When Where Why BE IN PAST was were was was was were were SUBJECT I you he she it we they QUESTION WORDS Which Who How COMPLEMENT yesterday?

Rita was in Cabimas yesterday. Where was Rita yesterday? Peter was sad last Sunday. How was Peter last Sunday? He was born in 1999. When was he born? John was in the kitchen. Who was in the kitchen?

Directions: Press and hold CTRL and click on the following links to do the exercises. 1. Click on the right option. (CLICK HERE) 2. Write was or were to complete the statements. (CLICK HERE) 3. Choose the right form of the verb be in past. (CLICK HERE) 4. Click on the correct form of the verb be in past. (CLICK HERE) 5. Complete the sentences with was, was not, were, were not. (CLICK HERE) 6. Write was or were to complete the sentences. (CLICK HERE) 7. Complete with was or were and click on the right option. (CLICK HERE) 8. Follow the instructions. (CLICK HERE)

SUBJECT VERB IN PAST SUBJECT I You He She It We They VERB IN PAST worked COMPLEMENT yesterday COMPLEMENT REMARK: Regular verbs form their past by adding -ed/-d to the base form. E.g.: Work Worked.

Finished past actions or events. Normally, a past time expression is required to indicate when the action happened. e.g.: yesterday, last week, last month, last year, two days ago, a couple of hours ago, last summer, etc.

REGULAR VERBS form their past by adding -ed/-d to the base form. IRREGULAR VERBS follow no particular rule to form their past. You have to learn them by heart.

I played soccer yesterday. Jonathan saw a good movie last night. Miranda went to Miami last month. The students learned about the simple past a few minutes ago. Carlos studied for his biology test last week. Carmen came to the party last Saturday. I flew to Texas last weekend. He bought a digital camera yesterday. There was a huge strike downtown last week.

Subject Did + Not Base form Complement SUBJECT I You DID + NOT (DIDN T) He She It We did not (didn t) work yesterday They BASE FORM OF VERB Did + Not CONTRACTIONS Didn t COMPLEMENT

Amanda went to Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda did not go to Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda didn t go to Maracaibo yesterday. They played soccer last week. They did not play soccer last week. They didn t play soccer last week. Jonathan saw a good movie last Saturday. Jonathan did not see a good movie last Saturday. Jonathan didn t see a good movie last Saturday.

DID Did Subject Base form Complement I SUBJECT you he Did she work yesterday? BASE FORM OF VERB it we they COMPLEMENT

Amanda went to Maracaibo yesterday. Did Amanda go to Maracaibo yesterday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn t. They played soccer last week. Did they play soccer last week? Yes, they did. / No, they didn t. Jonathan saw a good movie last Saturday. Did Jonathan see a good movie last Saturday? Yes, he did. / No, he didn t.

QUESTION WORD QUESTION WORD DID SUBJECT I BASE FORM COMPLEMENT DID you he Where did she work yesterday? SUBJECT it we they BASE FORM OF VERB COMPLEMENT QUESTION WORDS What Which When Who Where How Why

Rita went to Cabimas yesterday. Where did Rita go yesterday? Peter played soccer last Sunday. When did Peter play soccer? He came to Venezuela in 1999. When did he come to Venezuela? John grew up in Las Vegas. Who grew up in Las Vegas? * * When you make the question with WHO to ask about the subject, you don t need the auxiliary DID and the verb must be in PAST.

Directions: Press and hold CTRL and click on the following links to do the exercises. 1. Write the verbs and sentences in simple past. (CLICK HERE) 2. Complete the statements with the simple past tense of the verbs in parentheses. (CLICK HERE) 3. Write the simple past form of the verbs. (CLICK HERE) 4. Change the statements into the negative form. (CLICK HERE) 5. Complete the statements with the simple past form of the verbs. (CLICK HERE) 6. Watch the video and complete the statements. (CLICK HERE) 7. Watch the video and complete the statements. (CLICK HERE) 8. Watch the video and complete the statements. (CLICK HERE) 9. Follow the instructions. (CLICK HERE) `0. Follow the instructions. (CLICK HERE)