Mobile TV broadcasting in Japan 23 May 2011in Hanoi, Vietnam ITU-AIBD-ABU Regional Workshop on Digital Broadcasting Yasushi Furukawa, Director for International Relations, Broadcasting Technology Division Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Government of Japan
TV Digitalization in Japan 1
Schedule for Digitalization of Broadcasting in Japan 1950-70s 1980s 1990s 2000-2003 2011-2004-2010 Digital Terrestrial Television 1953 Started blackand-white TV broadcasting Satellite Broadcasting CATV 1960 Started color TV broadcasting Multimedia Broadcasting (for Mobile) 1996 Started CS digital broadcasting 2003 Starts digital TV broadcasting in three metropolitan areas (Key Stations) 2000 Started BS digital broadcasting 2006 Starts digital broadcasting nationwide Relay station will be established sequentially Starts One-Seg service (for mobile reception) July 24, 2011 Completion of Digitalization!! Termination of analog broadcasting Multimedia Broadcasting (for mobile reception) April, 2012 (expected) 2011 Completion of Digitalization 1955 Started broadcasting 1998 Started digital broadcasting in some regions 2011 Digital terrestrial broadcasting can be received in all subscribed households 2
Digital TV Dissemination Status in Japan Digital TV Dissemination is progressing steadily along with the target in Japan!! Dissemination in Households 2003 04 50 million Number of Households Households (100%) (Unit: 10 mil) as of Apr.2011 Actual number 47.5 million (95%) (Dec. 2010) 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 Number of Receivers (Unit: 10 mil) 2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 Dissemination of Receivers Actual number 105 million (Jan. 2011)100 million units as of Jul.2011 Targeted line Targeted line Calendar year Calendar year Analog TV switch off In July 2011 Analog TV switch off In July 2011 3
ISDB-T receiver has largest number of shipment in the world ISDB-T has the largest receiver market. Market mechanism has made ISDB-T receivers affordable More than 215.8millions ISDB T receivers have been shipped (As of the end of February 2011) 107.8 millons mobile receivers were shipped 107.9 millions fixed receivers were shipped 4
Efficient Frequency Utilization by ISDB-T (Example) 1 channel bandwidth Frequency New Bussiness Flat TV Mobile Mobile CRT STB Phone Phone HDTV (Max HDTV x 2) Mobile TV(One-seg) (Two programs) Multi SDTVs Flexible combination of HDTV/SDTV/Mobile TV 5
Multimedia broadcasting (for Mobile reception) in Japan 6
Effective use of radio Frequency after Analog Switch Off Current state of frequency utilization Allocation for TV broadcasting - a total bandwidth of 370 MHz Present Allocation 90~108MHz (1~3ch) Analog Broadcasting 170~222MHz (4~12ch) Analog Broadcasting 470~770MHz (13~62ch) Analog Broadcasting and Digital Broadcasting Future Allocation after completion digitization Digital Broadcasting (July 25 2011) 90 108 170 222 470 710 770 VHFAvailable from 25 th Jul. 2011 90108MHz 170222MHz ISDB-Tmm UHFAvailable from 25th Jul. 2012 710770MHz 90 Multimedia Broadcasting 108 170 202.5 207.5 222 Telecommunication Guard Band Multimedia Broadcasting Guard Band 715 725 730 770 ITS Guard Band Electrical communications (ex. cellular phone) 18MHz band width 32.5MHz band width 14.5MHz band width 10MHz band width 40MHz band width ISDB-Tsb 7
Service Image of Multimedia Broadcasting Provide any type of service efficiency, as Broadcasting, for portable devices (e.g. mobile phone, tablet, car navigation system, portable gaming gadgets, etc. ) Will be possible to combine fee-based broadcasting (paid programming) /free-ofcharge-based broadcasting (advertising supported model) Entertainment (Music, Games, Movies Newspaper/Magazine Traffic Information Broadcasting Provide accumulation of largevolume data (music or motion picture), and watching later. Provide electronic newspapers and magazines. Provide traffic information in normal time. Provide Traffic information for car drivers in times of disaster. News, Weather Information, Live Sports Disaster Information Education/Welfare Provide simultaneous information. Provide disaster Information, without network shutdown due to overloading, by using a key feature of broadcasting wave. Provide electronic education material, etc. 8
Concept of Multimedia Broadcasting - Wired line(dsl/ftth) - Wireless(3G/ WiFi/ WiMAX) -Simultaneous transmission of the same contents - Push-type media (No user side operation) -No collision of data and high security Online distribution of Movie, Music Game etc - Enriched contents combined with Video, Audio, Data - Users can selects contents by their own Smart-phone, Tablet, etc - Information can be transmitted to users receivers directly - Anywhere and anytime, information can be transmitted Users can receive real time information Broadcasting wave Download to user equip and watch anytime News, Whether information, live of sports match Disaster Information -Request - Uploading Pay service Education material Communicat ions line Recommended program information Communicat ions line -Charge,User Certification - Combination with Comm line 9
Flexible arrangement of Multimedia Broadcasting Programs Depending on the time slot and content volume, it will be possible to achieve flexibility in combining a variety of different information such as images, audio and data. Combination of Programming (example) Possible to offer paid programming Utilized spectrum bands Movies, etc. Transmission of largevolume data Sports News Music Flexible combinations of image and audio, etc. General programming 1 General programming 2 Movies, etc. Transmission of Large-volume data Nighttime Daytime Nighttime 10
Policy for Multimedia Broadcasting Services in Japan Policy Framework for Multimedia broadcasting Services Separation from Hardware (Infrastructure Provider) and Software (Contents Provider) Software (Contents provider) A B C D In charge of the broadcast programs (Independent from Infrastructure Provider) Hardware (Infrastructure Provider) In charge of development and management of radio (broadcast) stations network Principle for business entry Ensuring technology neutrality Securing fair and transparent administrative procedures for selecting the company Setting the criteria for selecting to ensure the reliable and stable provision of services that satisfies user s demand 11
Study for Multimedia Broadcasting system in Japan 1. Technical Specification of Multimedia Broadcasting is considered based on the requirement for Multimedia Broadcasting at mobile reception(ex. file casting, download, and high-quality streaming services, etc..) at ubiquitous environment. 2. ISDB-Tmm, Media FLO, ISDB-Tsb(as for Digital Radio using 1- segment or 3-segments) are proposed from public, and recommended by Telecommunications Council. 3. Multimedia Broadcasting, Inc. (currently Japan Mobilecasting, Inc. ) whose technology is ISDB-Tmm(ISDB-T for multimedia broadcasting), was authorized of its network plan by Government of Japan on 9th September 2010, cause the other multimedia broadcasting systems have not yet been successful in their services. 12
Concept and Chronology of Multimedia Broadcasting in Japan Multimedia Broadcasting Service For 90-108MHz(18MHz bandwidth) Example utilization Receiver: navigation on vehicle/tablet-type handset etc.. Service Area: Local broadcasting Contents: Emergency information, Traffic information, Audio service Multimedia Broadcasting Service For 207.5-222MHz(14.5MHz bandwidth) Example utilization Receiver: Mobile terminal etc.. Service Area: Nationwide broadcasting Contents: Paid and free contents service Chronology 2007: Telecommunications Council Report for technical requirement on VHF/UHF Utilization after Analog Switch Off 2008: Advisory Committee Report for Multimedia Broadcasting Services 2009: Telecommunications Council Report for technical requirement for Multimedia Broadcasting 2010: (for 207.5-222MHz) Japan Mobilecasting, Inc. was authorized of its network plan based on ISDB-Tmm by Government of Japan (for 90-108MHz) Advisory Committee Report for future radio and local information media 13
System Segment Allocation Multiplexing Forward Error Correction Modulation Hierarchical Transmission SFN operation Bandwidth Frequency band Transmission Data rate ISDB-Tmm Flexible: (example) 571.428 khz x n MPEG-2 Systems Outer Code: Reed Solomon Inner Code: Conventional Code(7/8, 5/6,3/4, 2/3,1/2) OFDM (DQPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) Possible Possible Flexible : (example) 571.428 khz x 13 = 7.43MHz VHF/UHF 31Mbps (@8MHz bandwidth) Video Coding ITU-T H.264 Video resolution/frame Rate 720x480 / 30 Audio Coding / Channel numbers AAC+SBR+PS, MPEG Surround / 5.1 14
Technical Features Features of ISDB-Tmm 1. ISDB-Tmm is an extension of the format for Digital Terrestrial Television systems (ISDB-T). It is capable of combining any number of segments. 2. It also allows for partial reception in 13 segments or 1 segment. 3. It can be flexibly applied to a range of different bandwidths. Certainly ISDB-T is adaptable to 6/7/8MHz bandwidth. Example Segmentation for 8MHz Operational Features 1. ISDB-Tmm service would be operated as a attractive application service of Mobile Phone operator. It would enhance usage of communications line(interactive services etc) 15
Merit of Segmentation of ISDB-Tmm 1. Thanks to Segmented structure and hierarchy transmissions, based on the requirement of providers, the most efficient modulation and parameters could be chosen. (example) 16QAM (high quality contents) QPSK (Promotion contents for wider area cover) Example Segmentation 2. Downloaded contents service could be available, so users can watch news and sports programs anywhere without consuming time. Otherwise, popular sports games and TV shows are transmitted as real-time contents. 3. Dynamic arrangement of segmentation and using high capacity modulation could allow flexible services so that, for example, large volume contents could be downloaded during night-time. 16
Advantages of ISDB-Tmm 1. Segments are flexibly combined to match required bandwidth, so it can efficiently utilize spectrum.(other multimedia broadcasting systems applies fixed bandwidth only) 2. Flexible multiplexing of MPEG transport stream (MPEG TS) and hierarchical transmission is available, so ISDB Tmm provides various services, i.e. file casting services and high quality streaming services with robustness, interactive services(with telecommunication link by mobile phone operator) simultaneously in one transmitter with various parameters for modulation, error correction, and etc. 3. User Friendly EPG (Electric Program Guide) and ECG(Electric Contents Guide) for streaming and downloaded services are available. 4. Emergency Warning Broadcasting System is available for saving people s lives and properties. 5. Minimized power consumption with per 1 segment receiving. 6. It has already been prescribed in ITU R recommendation (International standard). 17