HDTV and the Subscriber s Home Rich Annibaldi richard.annibaldi@pioneer-usa.com Pioneer Research Center USA, Inc.
The roadmap DTV signal basics Video interconnections Audio interconnections Example set-tops DTV receivers Conclusions
ATSC set standards for DTV A/52 for audio Based upon AC3 (Dolby Digital) A/53 for video Based upon MPEG2 Table 3 of Annex A defines 18 formats Vertical and horizontal resolutions Scan rates Progressive or interlaced scanning Aspect ratios
Aspect Ratio Differences 4:3 Display 16:9 Display
Showing 4 x 3 Image on 16 x 9 Display Pillar-box Format Two gray bars appear on the left and right of the screen. Stretch Format The 4:3 image is horizontally expanded to fit the screen. Zoom Format The 4:3 image is enlarged horizontally and vertically to fit the screen, partially concealing the image.
Showing 16 x 9 Image on 4 x 3 Display Letter-box Format Two gray bars appear on the top and bottom of the screen. Squeeze Format 16:9 image is horizontally compressed to fit the screen. Center (Zoom) Format The left and right of the image are concealed.
ATSC s 18 display formats Vert. Resolution Horz. Resolution H:V Aspect Ratio Progressive Scan Rates Interlaced Scan Rates Common Name 1080 1920 16:9 24, 30 1080p 30 1080i 720 1280 16:9 24, 30, 60 720p 480 704 16:9 24, 30, 60 30 480p 480i 480 704 4:3 24, 30, 60 30 480p 480i 480 640 4:3 24, 30, 60 30 480p 480i
CEA groupings based upon displays HDTV High Definition Television At least 720 vertical lines progressive scan At least 1080 vertical lines interlaced scan EDTV Enhanced Definition Television At least 480 vertical lines progressive SDTV Standard Definition Television Usable picture with fewer lines than EDTV All must decode all 18 ATSC formats
Cable s other 17 formats (ANSI/SCTE 43 2001) Vert. Resolution Horz. Resolution V:H Aspect Ratio Progressive Scan Rates Interlaced Scan Rates 1080 1440 9:16 24, 30 30 480 720 9:16 24, 30, 60 30 480 720 3:4 24, 30, 60 30 480 544 3:4 23.976 29.97 480 528 3:4 23.976 29.97 480 352 3:4 23.976 29.97
OpenCable only requires decoding of lower resolutions OpenCable specifications split formats into two groups. Lower 21 resolutions (includes 9 ATSC) OpenCable set top must decode these, as well as pass-thru to DTV receiver. Higher 14 resolutions (includes 9 ATSC) OpenCable set-top must pass-thru to DTV set These 14 formats all require processing over 18 million pixels per second.
Analog video interconnections Composite (CVBS) RGB VGA RGBHV Consumer equipment uses RCA jacks Professional equipment uses BNC S-Video Component (Y Pb Pr) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Consumer equipment uses RCA jacks Professional equipment uses BNC 4 2 3 1
Digital video interconnections 1394-based IEEE-1394 EIA-775 HAVi (Home Audio Video interoperability) HDNI (ANSI/SCTE 26 2001 - formerly DVS 194) Digital Visual Interface (DVI) Digital only version Analog/Digital version Adds RGBHV for VGA compatibility 6 5 4 3 2 1 High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Audio interconnections Baseband audio PCM* RCA jacks: Red right, white left RCA jack Optical via Toslink Dolby Digital* RCA jack Optical via Toslink * Select either PCM or Dolby Digital to output on same connector.
Other interfaces Universal serial bus (USB) Provides interface to printers, keyboards and other peripherals 1 2 3 4
Examples Digital cable set-top boxes Example set-top (without HDTV) Example set-top with HDTV capability Consumer digital televisions
Typical Digital Cable Set-top top Without HD BD-V3500 REAR PANEL Baseband video output connector Digital audio output connector AC power outlet AC power inlet Baseband video input connector CABLE IN input connector TO TV output connector SWITCHED/UNSWITCHED AC OUTLET 400W(3.2A)MAX 120V AC 60Hz AC INLET ATTENTION DANGER D'ELECTROCUTION NE PAS OUVRIR CAUTION RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT OPEN * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IR SERIAL CONTROL PORT USB DIGITAL AUDIO OUT S-VIDEO OUT OUT IN VIDEO L TO TV R CABLE IN UL caution label Baseband audio input connectors Baseband audio output connectors Baseband S-video output connector USB connector Serial port connector IR CONTROL jack
Example Set-top top with HDTV Capability BD-V3500HD REAR PANEL AC power inlet UL caution label Baseband video output connector Digital audio output connector Component video output jacks Baseband video input connector CABLE IN input connector Serial port connector IR CONTROL jack Digital video output (DVI-D) connector Baseband audio input connectors Baseband audio output connectors (Used with the Y-Pb-Pr or the digital video output connector) Baseband audio output connectors Baseband S-video output connector USB connector
Example features (BD-V3500HD) DVI with HDCP (Copy Protection) Digital sound on analog and digital channels using S/PDIF output Supports 16/18 ATSC formats All 480I, 480P, 720P, 1080I, but not two 1080P formats (none broadcast) Supports both 16X9 and 4X3 images and displays Same formats are passed through 16:9 images 16:9 screen 4:3 images 4:3 screen Allows for 6 different preferred display choices Sidebars, Zoom, Stretch, Letterbox, Center, Squeeze Software also eliminates Box-in-Box formats to maximize image size
DTV receivers, monitors and set-tops tops DTV receivers may be Fully integrated into one unit Separate monitor and set-top decoder Matched so that same interfaces are on both Most common on DTV monitors: 1. HD component video input (Y Pb Pr) 2. VGA input 3. RGBHV input Strong trend for DTV monitors, and some receivers: Many introducing DVI (with HDCP)
Where can I get current DTV info? This Week In Consumer Electronics www.twice.com maintains lists of: DTV products & retailers DTV broadcasters & programs CEA and TWICE print this data in: DTV Guide published quarterly Download at www.ce.org Some web sites list DTV programs: http://www.titantv.com/ttv/retailzone/main.asp?pid=zenith
Conclusions DTV appears in many different video formats: 18 different video formats for broadcasters 35 different video formats over cable HDTV uses new interfaces: Analog component video (Y Pb Pr) Digital compressed video (e.g. HDNI) Digital uncompressed video (DVI) Mastering these can help you prepare for your subscribers changing needs in this DTV age!
Thank you! Rich Annibaldi richard.annibaldi@pioneer-usa.com Pioneer Research Center USA, Inc. RFA 11-13-02