Components and Services for IoT Platforms

Components and Services for IoT Platforms

Georgios Keramidas Nikolaos Voros Michael Hübner Editors Components and Services for IoT Platforms Paving the Way for IoT Standards 123

Editors Georgios Keramidas Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece Embedded System Design and Application Laboratory (ESDA) Antirio, Greece Nikolaos Voros Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece Embedded System Design and Application Laboratory (ESDA) Antirio, Greece Michael Hübner Chair for Embedded Systems for Information Technology (ESIT) Ruhr Universität Bochum Bochum, Germany ISBN 978-3-319-42302-9 ISBN 978-3-319-42304-3 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42304-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016950523 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland

Preface The Internet of Things (IoT) is upon us and touches almost every industry! Current forecasts predict that there will be more than 50 billion devices connected to the Internet by 2020 and it looks like this is just the beginning. What is highly interesting with this technology trend is that it is more defined by what it enables rather than the technology itself. This is because IoT enables all kinds of smart objects (e.g., smart sensors and actuators) to communicate and interact with each other across different networks and domains. As such, a plethora of new services and applications are possible and must be created revealing the potential to create substantial new markets and to stimulate existing ones. However, it is also clear that on the way to a fully connected cyber-physical world, numerous challenges have to be addressed. Do we have the technology and experience to make IoT reality? What kind of technology is actually missing? Do we need new hardware technology, new tools and programming languages, new network protocols, new services, and new data management techniques? To sum up, do we really need new technology or is IoT just a matter of ensuring interoperability among existing technologies or do we maybe need a paradigm change in technology and design methods? As with every new technology wave, we are witnessing a debate regarding industry standards striving to find a position in the IoT marketplace. The intention of this book is to shed some light on all those questions. Certainly, one book cannot cover all topics related to the trends in IoT. Since IoT is in fact in its infancy, we see this book as an ongoing effort to offer the current trends and open issues in the area and also to sketch the future of IoT; we are strongly convinced that the IoT industry will not stop until your tablet, smartphone, or smartwatch is downscaled enough so they fit on your eyes or your wrist. The book is organized in five main sessions covering the whole spectrum of the IoT technologies. The first four parts of the book are: Platforms and Design Methodologies for IoT Hardware Simulation, Modeling, and Programming Frameworks for IoT Opportunities, Challenges, and Limits in WSN Deployment for IoT Efficient Data Management and Decision Making for IoT v

vi Preface The last part of the book is devoted to the description of four IoT use cases and includes also an additional chapter offering our view on various IoT projects funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 work program. The editors would like to thank all the authors of the individual chapters of the book and also the program committee of the International Conference on Field- Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL), 2015. The conception of writing this book was born in the course of the First International Workshop on Components and Services for IoT Platforms (WCS-IoT 2015), held in conjunction with FPL 2015 (http://esda-lab.cied.teiwest.gr/wcs-iot/). We would especially like to thank the members of the organizing committee of the WCS-IoT workshop: their contribution and participation in this effort as well as their experience have led to a very successful program for the workshop. In this book, we included all papers presented in the workshop. Finally, we would like to state that we strongly believe that this effort should be followed up by additional workshops and conferences in the future focusing on the existing and evolving IoT standards: every industry can benefit from IoT deployments but must adhere to a myriad of existing technology and regulatory constraints plus a new set of policy considerations. The latter will be especially true in the new IoT vertical markets. Antirio, Greece Antirio, Greece Bochum, Germany Georgios Keramidas Nikolaos Voros Michael Hübner

Contents Part I Platforms and Design Methodologies for IoT Hardware 1 Power-Shaping Configurable Microprocessors for IoT Devices... 3 Fabio Campi 2 Formal Design Flows for Embedded IoT Hardware... 27 Michael Dossis 3 AXIOM: A Flexible Platform for the Smart Home... 57 Roberto Giorgi, Nicola Bettin, Paolo Gai, Xavier Martorell, and Antonio Rizzo Part II Simulation, Modeling and Programming Frameworks for IoT 4 Internet of Things Simulation Using OMNeTCC and Hardware in the Loop... 77 Philipp Wehner and Diana Göhringer 5 Towards Self-Adaptive IoT Applications: Requirements and Adaptivity Patterns for a Fall-Detection Ambient Assisting Living Application... 89 Sofia Meacham 6 Small Footprint JavaScript Engine... 103 Minsu Kim, Hyuk-Jin Jeong, and Soo-Mook Moon 7 VirISA: Recruiting Virtualization and Reconfigurable Processor ISA for Malicious Code Injection Protection... 117 Apostolos P. Fournaris, Georgios Keramidas, Kyriakos Ispoglou, and Nikolaos Voros vii

viii Contents Part III Opportunities, Challenges and Limits in WSN Deployment for IoT 8 Deployment Strategies of Wireless Sensor Networks for IoT: Challenges, Trends, and Solutions Based on Novel Tools and HW/SW Platforms... 133 Gabriel Mujica, Jorge Portilla, and Teresa Riesgo 9 Wireless Sensor Networks for the Internet of Things: Barriers and Synergies... 155 Mihai T. Lazarescu 10 Event Identification in Wireless Sensor Networks... 187 Christos Antonopoulos, Sofia-Maria Dima, and Stavros Koubias Part IV Efficient Data Management and Decision Making for IoT 11 Integrating IoT and Fog Computing for Healthcare Service Delivery... 213 Foteini Andriopoulou, Tasos Dagiuklas, and Theofanis Orphanoudakis 12 Supporting Decision Making for Large-Scale IoTs: Trading Accuracy with Computational Complexity... 233 Kostas Siozios, Panayiotis Danassis, Nikolaos Zompakis, Christos Korkas, Elias Kosmatopoulos, and Dimitrios Soudris 13 Fuzzy Inference Systems Design Approaches for WSNs... 251 Sofia-Maria Dima, Christos Antonopoulos, and Stavros Koubias Part V Use Cases for IoT 14 IoT in Ambient Assistant Living Environments: A View from Europe... 281 Christos Panagiotou, Christos Antonopoulos, Georgios Keramidas, Nikolaos Voros, and Michael Hübner

Contents ix 15 Software Design and Optimization of ECG Signal Analysis and Diagnosis for Embedded IoT Devices... 299 Vasileios Tsoutsouras, Dimitra Azariadi, Konstantina Koliogewrgi, Sotirios Xydis, and Dimitrios Soudris 16 Design for a System of Multimodal Interconnected ADL Recognition Services... 323 Theodoros Giannakopoulos, Stasinos Konstantopoulos, Georgios Siantikos, and Vangelis Karkaletsis 17 IoT Components for Secure Smart Building Environments... 335 Christos Koulamas, Spilios Giannoulis, and Apostolos Fournaris 18 Building Automation Systems in the World of Internet of Things... 355 Konstantinos Christopoulos, Christos Antonopoulos, Nikolaos Voros, and Theofanis Orfanoudakis Index... 377