3 A small world Reading 1 5 10 15 20 25 Living Abroad Over five million British people live abroad. That is about one in ten British citizens! The most popular country worldwide is Australia, with 1.3 million British residents, but in Europe, Spain has the most. In a recent survey, just over 20 per cent of young people aged between eighteen and 25 said they would like to move to another country. We spoke to two teenagers about their lives abroad. Josh My dad was offered a job in Sydney. He wasn t sure what to do, but my mum encouraged him to take it. My only knowledge of Australia was from films. I used to think Australia was full of crocodiles and everyone had a barbecue every day. Now, two years later, I still haven t seen a crocodile, but I have had a lot of barbecues! Sydney is much more multicultural than the village where I used to live in England. I ve got friends from all over the world now. It's also by the sea, so water sports are very popular. I ve learned to dive, which is incredible. I do miss a few things, like seeing my grandparents. But they have visited us twice. I keep up with old friends using social media. We also speak over the internet I just have to check the time in England first! Rachel My parents have always liked Spain. 30 We often came on holiday here when my brother and I were young. And four years ago, they decided to set up a small hotel near Valencia. My brother and I went to the local 35 school, which was, of course, Spanish speaking. At first, the language was a problem. Our northern English accents didn t help, either! We had Spanish classes every day with some other British children. Now we have a lot of Spanish friends, and 40 our only problem is when England plays Spain at football! England isn t far and we go back about twice a year to visit relatives. Nowadays, I can t get used to visiting England in summer because of the weather. 45 Summer in Spain is never cold, but that is what it s like in England sometimes! 1 Who mentions the following topics? Write J (Josh), R (Rachel) or B (Both). 1 communication problems 2 sport 3 family in England 4 wild animals 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 The percentage of British people that live abroad is A 8 %. B 10 %. C 25 %. 2 Josh s dad finally accepted the job because A it was a lot of money. B his mum thought it was a good idea. C it was in Australia. 3 Josh says that Sydney A is more multicultural than England. B is cold in summer. C is a good place for water sports. 4 Before Rachel went to live in Spain, she A had not been there before. B had visited the country several times. C had not been to the country for four years. 5 Rachel now finds it difficult to A speak Spanish. B go to England in summer. C play football with Spanish friends. SKILLS REVIEW Understanding references 3 What do the following pronouns refer to? Read the text again and choose the correct answers. 1 it (line 12): the job / Sydney 2 they (line 32): Rachel s brothers / Rachel s parents 3 which (line 35): the hotel / the local school 4 that (line 45): hot / cold SEE STUDENT S BOOK 1 page 37 4 Write definitions to show that you understand the meaning of the following words from the text. 1 residents (line 4) 2 knowledge (line 13) 3 multicultural (line 19) 4 accent (line 37) A small world 29
Grammar RELATIVE CLAUSES 1 Choose the correct answers. Not many people can say that they own a country. But one person who / which could say this was Prince Roy of Sealand, (1) who / whose real name was Paddy Roy Bates. In 1967, Paddy landed on a small platform a few miles from the coast of England. He said the platform, (2) where / which the British built during World War II, was a country and he called it Sealand. The British government, (3) which / where did not agree that Sealand was a country, tried to stop Paddy, but it failed. Sealand has its own money, (4) who / which is called the Sealand Dollar, and its own passports. It also has stamps (5) who / that show pictures of Prince Roy and his wife, (6) who / whose official name was Princess Joan of Sealand. The current Prime Minister of Sealand is Prince Roy s son, Michael. In the year (7) which / when his father took over the island, Michael was only fourteen. In 2007, the family decided to sell Sealand. The price (8) that / where they were asking was 750 million! Not surprisingly, nobody bought it! 2 Look at your answers to exercise 1. Write the noun or noun phrase that each relative pronoun or adverb refers to. Example: one person 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 Complete the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun or adverb. More than one answer may be possible. 1 The fashion company Zara, was started in Spain, now has shops all over the world. 2 In 2010, I was nine, we were living in Argentina. 3 The woman met us at the airport didn t speak Spanish. 4 The Aborigines are the people first inhabited Australia. 5 Rafael Nadal, uncle taught him to play tennis, won the French Open in 2014. 6 My best friend, was born in the USA, has an American and a British passport. 7 The village I was born has a population of less than 100. 8 The woman car was stolen was very upset. 9 The hotel, I had stayed before, didn t have any rooms available. 10 May and June are the months many children are revising for exams. 4 Are the relative clauses in exercise 3 defining (D) or non-defining (ND)? 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 10 30 Unit 3
5 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1 6) with the ends (A F). Then write new sentences with the correct relative pronoun or adverb. More than one answer may be possible. My sister has got a friend 1 This is the house 2 Ferran Adrià is the chef 3 It was Paco de Lucía s music 4 Gerard Piqué is the football player 5 2016 was the year 6 Ruth Lorenzo is the singer A world-famous restaurant El Bulli closed in 2011. B goal against the Czech Republic won the match. C Miguel Cervantes was born. D represented Spain in the 2014 Eurovision Song Contest. E encouraged me to learn the guitar. F the Olympics were in Brazil. G looks like Penélope Cruz. My sister has got a friend who / that looks like Penélope Cruz. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Join the sentences in the place marked *. Only use a relative pronoun if it is necessary. My mother * speaks Spanish and English fluently. She is Spanish. My mother, who is Spanish, speaks Spanish and English fluently. 1 Simon had to sleep on the floor *. The floor was very uncomfortable. Simon. 2 She is a woman *. She works in the school office. She is 3 The United Nations * has six official languages. Its main office is in New York. The United Nations, 4 At 11.00 p.m., * lots of people were going out! At 11.00 p.m., I was going to bed. At 11.00 p.m., 5 The hotel * was dirty. We stayed in it. The hotel 6 The bag * had my passport in it. I lost it. The bag GET IT RIGHT 8 Correct the errors. This unit 1 Maria, who father is Chilean, can speak Spanish and English. 2 The person which I spoke to was tall with dark hair. 6 Read the sentences. Where you can omit the relative pronoun, cross it out. Sally is the girl who I love. 1 They are the people whose hotel we stayed in. 2 The hotel that they recommended is quite expensive. 3 Is that the boy who you met at the party? 4 The family that used to live here moved abroad. 5 The man that helped me didn t tell me his name. 6 Is that the guide book which Matt lent you? 3 The new airport terminal which was designed by a top architect won a prize last year. Previous unit 4 I haven t never been abroad. 5 My dad just did a cookery course. 6 Before I met Luis, I had never knew anyone Spanish. A small world 31
Vocabulary SUMMARY Adjectives with prepositions afraid of different from good at good for optimistic about pessimistic about proud of unsure about worried about False friends actually (adv) successful (adj) ultimately (adv) Phrasal verbs keep at keep down keep off keep on keep out of keep up with Noun prefixes ex- dis- mis- co- Noun suffixes -er -ian -ist -or Comparative and superlative adjectives bigger than / more expensive than less than / better than the better of the least / the best the coldest / the most interesting as warm as / not so/as warm as ADJECTIVES WITH PREPOSITIONS 1 Complete the questions with the correct preposition. Use about, at, for, from or of. 1 Is your sister afraid spiders? 2 Is Spanish food very different British food? 3 Which school subjects are you good? 4 Are you unsure where to go on holiday this year? 5 Is olive oil good you? 6 What are you most proud? 7 Are you pessimistic the future? 8 Are you optimistic your exam results? 9 What do you worry most? 2 Complete the sentences with the adjectives in the box. One of the adjectives can be used more than once. afraid different good optimistic proud unsure worried 1 I m about my diet, so I m going to eat more beans as they re for me. 2 Jane's very at tennis and her parents are very of her. 3 Other teams are of playing against Germany because they re such a good team, but I m feeling quite about this match. 4 They were about moving to Sweden as life there is so from life in their own country. FALSE FRIENDS 3 Write a synonym or a definition for the words in bold. 1 He sounds English, but actually he s Spanish. 2 He was very successful as a professional football player. 3 Ultimately, she decided to continue studying at university. PHRASAL VERBS: EXTENSION 4 Check that you understand the meanings of the phrasal verbs in the box. keep at keep down keep off keep on keep out of keep up with 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from exercise 4. 1 I have to go out for ten minutes. Can you and your brother trouble until I get back? 2 My parents telling me to think about careers, but I haven t got any ideas. 3 I coffee and cola during my exams last week and I slept really well every night. 4 I don t like jogging, but I m going to it because it s good for me. 5 Do you news in Spain while you re away on holiday? 6 I m trying to concentrate. Can you the noise? 32 Unit 3
NOUN PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES 6 Complete the words with a prefix. Use ex-, dis-, misor co-. 1 They closed down the restaurant due to management. 2 She was in such comfort after getting wet in the rain. 3 Are there any advantages of living in a big city? 4 Every four hours, my driver takes over to give me a break. 5 As an teacher, Gareth hated seeing spellings in newspaper articles. 7 Read the clues and use the words in bold to complete the crossword. 8 1 2 M 3 U S I 4 C 6 5 I 7 A N Someone who 1 2 3 plays the guitar. 4 acts in a theatre, in a film or on TV as a job. 5 studies history. 6 7 drives a vehicle such as a car or a bus. 8 directs the people who work on a film or a play. plays music on an instrument. writes books or stories as a job. goes on a tour or travels to a different country. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES 8 Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning. Use the words in bold. There is no mountain in Spain that is higher than Mulhacén. (the) Mulhacén is the highest mountain in Spain. 1 August is usually hotter than July in Spain. (as) July is. 2 Learning English isn t as difficult as learning Chinese. (more) Learning Chinese is. 3 There is no city in the world that is better than Berlin. (the) Berlin is. 4 It takes longer to fly to Australia from the UK than to the USA. (time) It takes. 5 There is no other city in the world as populated as Tokyo. (most) Tokyo is. GET IT RIGHT 9 Correct the errors. This unit 1 Research has shown that dark chocolate can be good at you. 2 Keep of practising your English and it will get better. 3 My exam results are worse that my brother s. Previous unit 4 I have always wanted travelling abroad. 5 Helen wanted to going to Peru. 6 When you speak a foreign language you mustn t be afraid of make mistakes. A small world 33
Writing A FOR AND AGAINST ESSAY 1 Read the essay. Does the writer completely agree with the statement? Technology improves our lives. Write an essay giving arguments for or against this statement. ORGANIZING YOUR IDEAS 4 Read the sentences and choose the correct answers. On the (1) hand, email is very useful for contacting people. On the (2) hand, people don t write letters any more. Modern technology is very useful. (3), it s easy to use. (4), you can use it anywhere. The first (5) about travelling abroad is that you can meet people from other countries. A Over the past few decades, technology has greatly developed and changed our lives. Nowadays, we use technology to help us do almost everything. The question is, does technology improve our lives? B On the one hand, technology allows us to do many things quickly and easily. Furthermore, most electronic equipment is simple to use. The internet, in particular, lets us find information immediately. We can keep up with what is happening at any time, wherever we are. C On the other hand, when we use technology too often, we don t develop other skills. For example, using only social media can mean we have difficulty communicating face to face. Finally, when we use apps and computer programs constantly, we can become unsure about how to do simple things by ourselves. D To sum up, it is clear that technology has improved our lives by letting us do many things we couldn t do without it. However, I think that when we use it too much, we lose important skills and in some ways, it makes our lives worse. 2 Match the headings (1 4) to the paragraphs (A D) of the essay. 1 Arguments against 2 Conclusion 3 Arguments for 4 Introduction 3 Read the essay again. Find underlined words or phrases in the essay which mean the following: 1 but 2 at the present time 3 especially 4 in conclusion 5 and 1 A one B left C first 2 A right B other C second 3 A Premier B Firstly C In first 4 A Seconds B In second C Secondly 5 A point B view C argue 5 Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning. Use the words in bold. 1 Obviously, security at airports is very tight nowadays. (clear) It 2 Living in another country has good points and bad points. (advantages / disadvantages) There are 3 To summarize, learning a new language is a useful skill. (sum) To GET IT RIGHT 6 Correct the errors. 1 It is clearly that English is a useful language. 2 There are many advantages for travelling by train. 3 The politician would argues that cheap flights are an environmental problem. 4 On one hand, a global culture might be a good thing. 34 Unit 3
WRITING TASK Everyone should live in another country at some stage in their life. Write an essay giving arguments for and against this statement. Use the Writing Template and the Useful Language box to help you. USEFUL LANGUAGE Introducing different ideas Firstly, / Secondly, / Finally, On the one hand, on the other hand, Another point is Linkers of contrast but however though although despite nevertheless Expressing your opinion I think In my opinion, Personally, I believe Writing template Paragraph 1: Introduction Write a few general statements to introduce the idea of living in another country. TIP Do not give your own opinion. Paragraph 2: Arguments for Give your arguments for living abroad. Why is it a positive experience? What can it teach you about other countries and your own country? TIP Use expressions to introduce and organize your ideas. Paragraph 3: Arguments against Give your arguments against living abroad. What are the difficult points? How would you feel? TIP Use linkers of contrast such as however to introduce opposite ideas. Paragraph 4: Conclusion Write a statement that summarizes the arguments. Give your opinion. Would you like to live abroad at some stage in your life? Would it be a positive or a negative experience? TIP Use an expression for concluding. A small world 35
Listening 1 You are going to listen to a Spanish person talking about life in the UK. Translate words and phrases 1 3 into your language. Use a dictionary to help you. 1 support (v) 2 course (n) 3 give up (v) 2 Read the introduction to the radio programme. What is Teresa doing in the UK? Presenter Teresa is from Santiago de Compostela, a city in northern Spain. She is one of the many thousands of foreign students who are studying at university in the UK. We ve invited her onto the programme today to talk about her experiences in this country. Teresa, why did you decide to come to London? 4 e 3.9 Read the questions carefully. Listen to the radio programme again and choose the correct answers. 1 Before her university course, Teresa had A never been to the UK. B been to the UK at least once. C never been abroad. 2 Teresa thinks she s fortunate because A she has very good teachers. B the course is easy. C she is good at maths. 3 Teresa had problems with English because A people weren t very friendly. B shop assistants spoke too quickly. C she wasn t used to talking about maths in English. 4 At first, Teresa found it difficult to A find her way around London. B get to know people. C meet any friendly people. 5 Teresa s first friends were A other Spanish people studying in the UK. B British students. C members of the Spanish society at her university. DICTATION 5 e 3.10 Listen to three sentences from the interview. Then write each sentence. 1 When I. 2 Eventually, 3 Then I PRONUNCIATION Intonation in questions 6 e 3.11 Listen to the questions and draw arrows to mark the intonation. Why did you decide to come here? 1 What problems have you experienced? 2 What are you studying? 3 e 3.9 Listen to the radio programme. Tick the two topics that Teresa mentions. A the weather C money B making friends D her course 36 Unit 3 3 Has anything about the UK or British people surprised you? 4 Do you think you ll go home after your course?
Cumulative review STAGE 1 Check your progress GRAMMAR 1 Choose the correct answers. 1 The country which / who I d like to visit is China. 2 Frazer, that / who comes from Wales, is good at Spanish. 3 We won t be able to / can t speak Japanese by the time we go to Japan. 4 An island who / - people go to is Mallorca. 5 My family used to / is used to travel abroad a lot when I was young. 6 The woman that / whose flight left early this morning is over there. 7 Helsinki, where / when the film was made, is a beautiful city. 2 Complete the text with the words in the box. Use each word only once. There are two words you don t need. can has is when where which who will whose you Travelling safely There are many 18 year-olds (1) dream of going on holiday with their friends and without their parents. Here are some tips for keeping safe for anyone who (2) planned a trip. Make a list of all the places (3) you are visiting and let your parents know the days (4) you will be there. Make a copy of your passport and all the tickets (5) need to travel. Give them to your parents, so that they (6) be able to help you more easily in an emergency. Never accept food, drink, gifts or rides in a car from someone you ve just met or a person (7) name you don t know. Finally, stay in places (8) there are lots of people. Avoid quiet areas, especially when it s dark. VOCABULARY 3 Correct the errors in the sentences. 1 It s not as cold in Ireland than I expected. 2 My sister is very good for learning languages. 3 The actor asked his dis-star to help him prepare for the difficult scene. 4 The train was so active that we couldn t get on. 5 John got lost as he couldn t keep up the group. 4 Read the text and complete the gaps with the words in the box. Make the nouns plural where necessary. disadvantage exciting musician tourist tropical Cuba Cuba is a (1) country that has one main island and several other smaller islands. Over eleven million people live on these islands. When you look at the main island from the air, it looks like a crocodile. Music is very important to Cubans, and there are many famous Cuban (2). The capital city, Havana, is a very (3) place and many (4) go there every year. Music fans love the Carnaval de La Habana in July and August. It s the best time to see the city, but it's also noisy, so isn't very (5). 5 Complete the sentences with one word. 1 Greek people are very proud their country s history. 2 Let s keep sweets and crisps when we re on holiday. 3 This is worst flight I ve been on. 4 We re unsure how safe the island is for tourists. 5 The sun went at nine o clock last night. A small world 37
Exam practice STAGE Get ready for the exam READING 1 Write a title in English which best describes the text and justify your answer. 1 Britain is a very multicultural society, and young people in Britain s cities are discovering the many benefits this can bring. A good example of this is a youth group for girls in East London. The members of the group come from many different family backgrounds, including African, Asian and European. What they have in common is their love of music and fashion, and their experience of growing up together in 21st-century London. They get together once a week, and spend most of their time listening to music, discussing films or TV programmes, or chatting about where you can buy the latest fashions at the lowest prices. 3 They also enjoy talking about the differences between their various traditions and cultures. It s really interesting, says Carrie, whose family has always lived in London. Everyone has very different ideas. Last week, we talked about different traditions to do with weddings, and I learned a lot about different attitudes to love and marriage in different parts of the world. 4 With so many cultures and traditions in one place, sometimes it s difficult to see where one culture ends and the next one begins. We all love talking about clothes, says Vineeta, whose parents come from Pakistan. Most of us wear lots of different styles. I like wearing a mixture of traditional and modern clothes. We all pick up useful ideas from each other. It s great to have so many different styles to choose from. 5 Sasha, who runs the group, thinks all the girls gain a lot from each other. She says, The great thing is that they can come together and feel confident about who they are and where they come from, and confident that they are all part of our modern British society. 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 The girls in the youth group A all come from Africa and Asia. B have their family background in common. C share many interests. D listen to music or watch films together. 2 Carrie A has a lot of ideas on love and marriage. B wants to get married in a different part of the world. C enjoys talking to people from different backgrounds. D is interesting to talk to. 3 Vineeta A usually wears traditional clothes. B wears both traditional and modern clothes. C doesn t like wearing modern clothes. D never wears styles from other cultures. USE OF ENGLISH 3 Write a definition showing that you understand the meaning of the following words: 1 benefits (paragraph 1) 2 get together (paragraph 2) 3 attitudes (paragraph 3) 4 Join the two sentences with a relative pronoun. Add commas where necessary. 1 The girls meet once a week. They all live in East London. 2 Fashion is a subject. The girls often talk about it. 5 Which of the following words has the same sound as choose /u:/? cultural youth proud WRITING 6 Choose one of the tasks. Write 100 150 words. 1 You have read about a language exchange programme online. Write a formal email explaining who you are and what you want to get from the programme. 2 Write an essay with the following title: 'We are who we are because of those around us. Discuss.' 38 Unit 3