ITU-D Regional Seminar for Europe, 29-31 January 2014, Budapest The Digital Dividend: THE challenge for digital TV Elena Puigrefagut European Broadcasting Union
1. THE CASE OF HIGHER CAPACITY/SPEED OF BROADBAND PLATFORMS NEEDS TO BE MADE BEYOND ADDITIONAL SPECTRUM ALLOCATIONS TO THE MOBILE SERVICE AND BEYOND THE UHF BAND DISCUSSION
USE OF EXISTING SPECTRUM ALLOCATIONS FOR THE MOBILE SERVICE TO BE OPTIMISED FIRST RSPG Opinion on WBB: Broadband access In use/available for WBB (MHz) Potential for WBB (near term) (MHz) Medium term potential (>2015) (MHz) Possibly in very long timeframe Terrestrial 990.00 140.00 566.00 224.00 Satellite 173.00 0 0.00 0 WIFI 538.50 0 320.00 0 Total 1701.50 MHz 140.00 MHz 886.00 MHz 224.00 MHz The RSPP requirement of 1200 MHz is already exceeded!
MOST DATA TRAFFIC IS VIA FIXED NETWORKS 10% data traffic via mobile networks in 2016 In 2012, 71% of all wireless data traffic that was delivered to smartphones and tablets in the EU was delivered via Wi-Fi (study by WIK and Aegis). It is estimated that this figure will grow to 78% by 2016. Just over 10% of ipads sold have mobile internet access, and this is used for only 6% of usage sessions, according to Localytics
BROADBAND NETWORKS WILL NOT BE A SUBSTITUTE FOR TERRESTRIAL BROADCAST NETWORKS Data volumes delivered via DTT compared to the Internet: PB/month 30000 Cisco VNI 2012: Broadband traffic forecast in the EU 25000 20000 Data volume delivered via DTT networks in 2012 15000 10000 5000 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Fixed broadband Mobile broadband
2. IN EUROPE, DTT NEEDS THE 470-694 MHZ BAND
LINEAR TV REMAINS PREDOMINANT Evolution of linear and non-linear TV viewing (minutes per person per day) (average in EU big 5) Source: IHS ScreenDigest: Cross-platform Television Viewing Time FY 2012 Note: Forecast from 2012 / * 2020 forecast by EBU
MONTHLY COST OF TV RECEPTION FOR CONSUMERS (4H OF TV PER DAY) / month 35 30 25 20 15 10 An equivalent traffic over mobile network today would cost consumers between 1500 and 3000 /month. 5 0 Pay Satellite Cable Pay DTT IPTV Free Satellite Free DTT Data sources: Deloitte, IDATE
DTT IS THE PREFERRED PLATFORM IN THE EU Terrestrial 46% Cable 31% TV reception in the EU households Source: Eurobarometer 396, August 2013 Note: Adds to more than 100% as households may use more than one platform. Satellite 23% Broadband IP 6% The mix of TV platforms is different in different countries.
DTT NEEDS THE SPECTRUM TO EVOLVE It has been confirmed by : European regulators reply to RSPG and ITU questionnaires RSPP inventory on spectrum demand. Analysis of technology trends, future needs and demand for spectrum, A. Mason for the EC:
Apr/2009 Jul/2009 Oct/2009 Jan/2010 Apr/2010 Jul/2010 Oct/2010 Jan/2011 Apr/2011 Jul/2011 Oct/2011 Jan/2012 Apr/2012 Jul/2012 Oct/2012 Jan/2013 Apr/2013 Jul/2013 Oct/2013 No. digital TV channels THE IMPACT ON DTT: REDUCTION OF THE OFFER 2500 2000 1500 1000 Frequency channels available N o DTT multiplexes/layers % Lost 2006 49 7-8 - 2007 40 6-7? 18.4% 2012/2015 28 4? 24.5% Total 43% Channels on DTT networks across the EU area 500 0 It questions the future market demand for DTT
3. DTT NEEDS TO BE PROTECTED FROM INTERFERENCES WHEN USING THE 694-790 MHZ BAND BY THE MOBILE SERVICE
CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE Theoretically possible to avoid through geographical separation, but -The cumulative effect of interference from multiple base stations (IMT downlink) into DTT reception increases the separation distances. Studies made before the WRC12 have shown an increase of up to 20 db of the multiple interference compared to a single interference. -The protection of the IMT uplink from the DTT emissions in the same or in overlapping channels might be a serious issue that could prevent from sharing the band by different services in neighbouring countries.
CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE Illustration of the impact from DTT into IMT uplink (Study made by France in CEPT) Interference from neighbouring countries towards France. Broadcasting service as an interferer, mobile service base stations as victims. The example of the 800 MHz band has shown that IMT requires an exclusive use of a given frequency band
ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE 800 MHz: from mobile LTE base stations to DTT below 790 MHz 700 MHz: from mobile LTE user terminals to DTT below 694 MHz The out of band emission levels of the IMT base stations and user terminals should be reduced to a sufficiently low level to limit the interference into DTT in the adjacent band. The required level depends on the MS technology and its band plan (FDD conventional or reverse duplex, TDD, size of the guard band). These technical details are not yet defined for the MS in the band 470-694 MHz (700 MHz case). 800 MHz: OOB limits defined in CEPT Report 30. Different levels defined in function the degree of protection to be provided to DTT. It was shown that the risk of interference cannot in any case be reduced to zero and therefore there is a need for additional mitigation techniques to solve the possible interference cases that could occur during the implementation. In Europe, the obligations of the license holders, in terms of choosing and bearing the cost of implementing the mitigation techniques, were left to the decision of the individual Administrations.
ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE 700 MHZ It is interference from the mobile LTE user terminals to DTT below 694 MHz as per the 700 MHz band plan 23 dbm OOB limit in APT band plan -33 dbm OOB limit to protect DTT -56 dbm 8 MHz 9 MHz 10 MHz DTTB ch 48 Guard Band 694 MHz 703 MHz The APT band Plan does not sufficiently protect DTT and more stringent limits are needed together with additional mitigation techniques (e.g. additional filtering in DTT receivers to improve ACS)
INTERFERENCE, REAL OR GHOST?
DECISIONS ON THE UHF SPECTRUM Should... take account that is the only spectrum that allows for a long term evolution of DTT and that is the only sub-1ghz spectrum harmonised worldwide to the television broadcasting service which is essential for economies of scale to allow for affordable consumer equipment to be put on the market enhance the benefits delivered by the broadcasting service including the universal availability and free-to-air access to services take advantage of the complementarities between broadcast and broadband platforms respond to the specific national circumstances and needs which may be different in different countries respect the investments made by the broadcasting industry, including public service media and the public provide a stable regulatory environment and long-term certainty for investments and innovation
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! QUESTIONS? Elena Puigrefagut puigrefagut@ebu.ch