(prep.) FrepesEeBewns A preposton s a word that relates one word to another word n the sentence; prepostons are used n phrases. Trme after lunch before the party untl nextweek durng the move Drecton qlthe hll around the block over the hll be]rond the cty lmts Locaton near the house by the fence behnd the door under the bed Relatonshp wth herfrend wthout my dog!y hmself between the lamps Examples aboard about above accordng to ACTOSS after aganst along along wth alongsde among around as for awayfrom because of before behnd below beneath besde besdes between beyond V [n the afternoon] Jody stopped to buy balloons party storel. but by despte down due to durng for from n n addton to n back of n case of n front of n regard to n spte of nsde nstead of nto lke near of off on V lat th onto out out of outsde over past round snce through throughout tll to toward under underneath untl up up to upon wth wthn wthout They gave the balloons Y*. chldrenl. Esther put the flowers Yrn. blue vasel. O 2008 Soprh Wes Educolonot SeMces. S.nl nc6 Md3t.ru sreo Jp row l.e.secoro Tool 3-l3h
\ Name PREPOSTONS Helpng Verbs..1 Drectons: cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subject once and the verb/verb Phrase twce. Flemnder: The swmmers were not competng for rbbons' ln the afternoon the tots dd not take a nap. We wll not go to the mountans durng the rany season' You should not go belore noon. The brd would not fly near me. The corn was not n the barn. The chldren may not play outsde the house durng the storm L You must not drve through the tunnel wthout brght headlghts' Remnder: ln the word CANNOT. underlne onlv the CAN' 9. lcannot understand your answer. 10. Wthout food, your body cannot functon. Remnder: lf NOT aooears N'T. do not underlne the N'T' 't Some cars haven't been sold at the aucton. 1 The doctor ddn't wrte a prescrpton lor her patent. 1 Shouldn't the oflcers leave after the program? 1 From my pont of veu you don't deserve a prze for that' 1 won't go wthout You..:,: 14 :: _l
Sometmes lo wll come before a verb. TO + VERB s an ntntve: TO + VERB ls NOT A PREPOSTONAL PHRASE. To dance, to sng, to yett, to be, to leave, to go arc examples of nfntves. Do NOT cross them out as prepostonal phrases. Place an nfntve n parenthess. Example: lke (to sng) +n+he-morn+n h A. n the mornng - a prepostonal phrase B. to sng - ntntve (to + verb) 15
Name PREPOST!ONS lnfntves Drectons:Crossoutanyprepostonalphrases'Underlnethesubjectonceand tre verorverdnrase twce Place each nlntve n parenthess' L, Remnder: + VERB = lnflnltlv Example:!.tse.(to go)to{he-m Yes' tl :l At nght he wants to leave by bus. The chld decded to run to the baseball game Atter dnner the guests desre to enjoy some cottee' The artst lkes to pant durng the mornng' The teams wanted to practce alter school' l l.l t:! L,,1, ll, t L 9. 10. 1 1 1 1 1 She lorgot 1o look lor her lost watch' The rder hopes to be n the rodeo. For an hour the customers wated lor dnner' Hs uncle pretended to twst hs arm. They lke to play aganst hat team. The dplomat wated to hear the end ol the speech' The cheerleader ran to catch the bus lor the game' Betore the game the spectators rose to sng the natonal anlhem' Durng the parade the marcher stopped to rest lor a moment' A lew ol the guests at the weddng wanted to dance wth the brde', L],ll lll l 'l xlr (1 J [1 16,l
ln an lmperatve sentenee, the sublect s (@)' An mperatve sentence gves a command. U,ou) s termed YAU UNDEBSTOOD, t s wrtten at the begnnng ol the sentence, underlned, and placed n Parenthess. EXAMPLES: Go down the street. (You) Go down the street. B. Please look at me. (You) Please!@Kat me. c. Put the scssors n the drawer. (You) zuthe scssors n the drawer. 17
Name PBEosrrroNs lmperatve Sentences Cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subject once and the verbfuerb phrase twce. Remlnder: ln an lmperatlve sentenco (command), the sublect ls often (e-u. 't. 8. 9. 10. 1 1 1 1 1 Put the packages trom my grandparents on the ktchen table. Durng the thunderstorm, lght the candles. Tell the class about your summer. St between Tracy and my brother durng the game. Jump on the wagon. Look under the snk,or the paper bag. After class gve the teacher your paper. Walk toward me. From the town square, drve three mles to the nn. Stop n the mddle of the road. Pay lor the tour nsde the museum. Hurry down the hall for your nelt meetng. Near the end ol the yeal take a tdp to Pars. Go nto the apartment lor an umbrella. ln January send the chldren to the nurse for a hearng test. 18
Namq PREPOST!ONS Drectons: Cross out any prepostonal phrases' Underlne the subject once and the verbfuerb Phrase twce' 8. 9. 10. 1 1 1 1 1 John walked along the tral durng the summer' ln one cage we saw a huge brd from the ungles ol Brazl' A rose bush wth sharp thorns grew nsde our lence' She dvded the candy among the chldren at the party' The boys wll go across the street, through the alley' and nto the park' Beyond that hll s a house wthout a rool' Near that cty and past a mountan s a pot of gold lor you' Along the muddy road and aganst the ran' the lady walked underneath an umbrella. Above the thrd shelf, you wll fnd books about Abe Lncoln and concernng other aspects ol Amercan hstory' ln the mddle of the parfy' the lady dashed out the door wthout her coat' Beneath the tree slumbered an old man wth hs dog' The lad darted beyond hs mother's reach durng the game' Walk past the gate and through lhe door to fnd a beauttul room wlhout furnture. The dessert was stored n the relrgerator untl the end ol the meal' Behnd me sat a clown wth hs balloons and lollpops' 19
Name PREPbSTONS PrePoston or Adverb? Drectons: cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subect once and the verbfuerb Phrase twce' 1, B. 9. 10. 1 12, 1 1 't The brd flew n and out among lhe branches of the oak tree' She looked up n the sky Do you lve near to me? The toursts went down nto the caverns. The model strolled n and looked around the room' The chld dashed over to the edge of the canyon' Durng the hayrde, the leader jumped ofl ol the wagon' Someone lke Jane may come over for a vst' ln the breeze, the flower swayed up and down' Dad wll come along on the pcnc tomorrow' Our famly went outsde to take a pcture. Go n through the sde entrance He crawled below the deck and remaned nsde' Thesecretaryandtheaccountantwalkedaroundandfoundthemssng notebook n the trash can. The oven has been turned ofl for an hour and thrty mnutes' : 20
Helpful Hnts Words that end n ly are usually adverbs. Thev are not prepostons. Examples: A. We went nto the pool carefully. ADV. We went rrle{hepoot carelul ly. B. Slowly the banker walked nto the vault. ADV. Slowly the-banker wallgl nte+he+fat tt ll. ll you are not sure l a word s part ol the verb, try puttng TO n front ol the word. t you cannot dvde t nto present (today), and past (yesterday) tenses, the word probably s not a verb. Examples: A. The pe was good. Can you say "To Good"? Today good; yesterday lgooded. Good does not make sense here, and thus oood s not part of the verb. The pg regood. B. Marty was happy. Can you say "To Happy"? Today happy; yesterday happed. Happy does not make sense here, and hus, happy s not part ol the verb. Martv@happy. 21
L PREP65!TONS Drectons: cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subect once and the verbfuerb Phrase twce. 1'lnthebushesalongtheroadStoodanelephantwthpurplespotsnfrontofhs eyes' You may go at noon except Saturdays' Untl chrstmas, the shoppers wll travel through stores, across streets, between J"" " p"r..s ot",,no p""roecorated wndows n search ot the perlect gtl. Atthebegnnlngoftheyear,studentsmustlearnrulesconcernngthe playground and regardng the lunch lne' l llr l L l L: t.r : l, ll l, 1, l:!l r j' ll 'Lr rl 'tl onthefftho'november,everyonebutmybrotherandsstershouldarrven Phoenx by Plane' Durng the football game, many spectalors sat behndthe goal posts and went frequently to the snack bar. Near the museum stands a statue ol Paul Bunyan and hs ox' 8. Go down the street for a cup ol mlk' g.youmaynotgobetweenthebuldngsoroutsdetheschoolcampusfromeght o'clock untl lour o'clock. 10. The can ol soup s below the snk, above the stove, or besde the refrgerator' ll.overthebrdge,underthefreeway,andthroughtheleldrantheteam. 12,Afrerthegame,thegrlsnthebluesweaterswalkedlotheaudtorum. latterclassyoumustgooutthedoorandntothestreetloraparade. 1 The book concernng poltcs s aganst dscrmnaton' 1 By noon we had walked over a mle beyond our goal' 22
/ Name A. lnf lnltlves: PREPOSTON REVEW Drectons: Cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne lhe subject once and the verbtuerb phrase twce' Place any nlntve n parenthess ( )' Marne's mother and lather want to go to New York durng the summer' A group of parents went nto the audtorum to hear several speakers. They lke to eat lunch at that cafe on Brock Street. The reporter decded to ntervew the mayor ol our lown. Hs sster pretended to be angry wth hm. Ther car dd not need to reman n the repar shop lor a long tme. Many toursts stopped to read brochures about Pearl Harbor. B. Verb Phrases: Drectons: Cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subject once and the verbfuerb Phrase twce. r! rl rl,] lrt t' l l lr f' ll ll lr l t ] t,l l, 'l.., 28 The garbage truck has stopped near the corner of Washngton Street. May st between Todd and you for ten mnutes? Everyone but John must have taken hs bathng sut wth hm' We wll be rowng on the lake atter sunset today. Does the polceman attend the church besde the new park? Your name should not have been wrtten n cursve. Mark's frend cannot come untl the end ol the wnter. -,lr',,
Name PREPOST!ON nevtew C. lmporetlve Ssntences: Drectons: cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subject once and the verblyerb Phrase twce. L. Gve lhs tp to the water n the checkered shrt. Flemove your shoes at the door, please. Near the end ol the day, please take a bath. Follow the nterstate hghway through the tunnels. Drve to the sde ol the road mmedately. Atter the meetng, hand a pamphlet to everyone but Mr. Barton' St across the table from me durng the luncheon wth those guests' D. Compound Oblects: Drectons: Cross out any prepostonal phrases. Underlne the subject once and the verbtuerb Phrase twce. Mrs. Lttle stepped nto the ran wthout a hat or an umbrella. A young lady-vth red har sat between Mary and me. A package from Grandma and Grandpa was delvered belore lunch' ln July, August, or September, ther lamly wll vst Montana. Flowers grow along the walk and drveway ot the new home' One ol the houses by the sea won't be completed untl lall or wnter' Go past the lbrary and polce staton to reach the courthouse. 29
Name PREPOSTON REVEW E. ComPound Subects: Drectons:CrossoutanyprepostonalphrasesUnderlnethesubjectonce and the verbrverb Phrase twce' Doug and hs new brde vacatoned n Florda' Durng the far, a country snger and hs band perlormed for a huge crowd' A bowl ot varous fruts and a plate ol cheeses are besde the crackers' Underneath the steps ol a small cottage lay a tawny cat and a black dog' Ted,sbrotherandtrendchasedaroundtheparkonrollerblades. Some busnesswomen and poltcans are meetng to dscuss lhe economy' The attorneys and the.udge went nto the chambers lor a prvate dscusson' F. Compound Verbs: Drectons:crossoutanyprepostonalphrases.Underlnethesubectonce and the verb/verb Phrase twce' The nstructor stood among the students and chatted wth them' Dd the echncan lx the televson or tell Kurt to buy another? Some chldren walked along the road and pcked tlowers' Atter supper, we cleared the table and rnsed our dshes' Go nsde the shed and get sponges and a pal lor water' please' My glass duck lrom Aunt Betty has lallen on the stars and has broken nto many peces. Everyone but Jonah stood and cheered lor the contestants' 30
85tr Name PREP@STEON REV!EW,, Ll,l! t{ t :l,l :t t:1.,, G. Preposton or Adverb: Drectons:Crossoutanyprepostonalphrases.Underlnethesubeclonce and the verbvbrb'phrase twce Label any adverb-&!y' 8. 9. 10. 1 1 1 1 1 1 That small chld otten lalls down on hs roller skates' Lenny's brothers are playng outsde n the ran' The dog went outsde and ran around n a crcle' Please look up toward the skylght n the celng' The teenagers walked n and out among the far booths' Are Anne and James laggng behnd agan? One ol the players on the other team came over to talk to my brother' We walked nsde and looked for a gude' Bob wll come along wth us. Several grls rode by on ther bkes and waved' A frghtened chld would not come near' You may not go through wthout a tcket' Please come by n the mornng The mother walked nsde and checked the cake n the oven' she approached the table, looked underneath, and tound a ggglng toddler' The shopper looked both ways at the nterseclon and hurred across' 31