An introduction to RDA for cataloguers

An introduction to RDA for cataloguers Brian Stearns Meeting, NEOS Technical Services Committee 7 November 2012

Agenda Introduction Research about R.D.A. Terminology Historical context Major goals Examples Major changes M.A.R.C. changes Theoretical basis (F.R.B.R.) F.R.B.R. examples

Sanchez (2011) asked cataloguers about R.D.A. Top three responses: uncertainty (62.0%), then curiosity (43.3%) and interest (34.3%) Feelings of resignation (33.5%), anxiety (20.9%) and fear (4.6%) were greater than acceptance (13.7%), positive anticipation (9.3%) and glad it s coming (5.1%) Cataloguers agreed that R.D.A. will allow better sharing of our data (45.3% to 18.6%), that A.A.C.R. is too based in cards (47.3% to 40.3%), and that F.R.B.R. is necessary for future catalogues (37.1% to 34.5%)

Sanchez (2011) found that cataloguers accept the new standard while questioning its utility: Cataloguers thought R.D.A. would replace A.A.C.R. (47.2% to 14.5%) but that A.A.C.R. can accommodate digital resources (37.2% to 23.3%) and that it was still a useful cataloguing code (75.5% to 17.5%) Harden (2012) found that student cataloguers, trained briefly in A.A.C.R. created records more closely aligned with R.D.A. than A.A.C.R. if they did not consult rules

Musavi (1986) studied reception of the second edition of A.A.C.R. six years after its implementation: Only 55% of cataloguers agreed that it was an improvement, 33% agreed that it made cataloguing easier, 34% agreed that it made cataloguing more efficient; 71% agreed that there should be no successor till at least the year 2000

Social sciences are constantly revising their standards Accounting: Changed from Generally Accepted Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards Psychiatry: Each edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders creates new pathologies, eliminates pathologies, reconfigures relationships between disorders Lexicography: Etymology and definitions become more precise and distinct Library science

Terminology R.D.A. uses different terms to A.A.C.R.: Element for Area Access point for Heading Authorised access point for Main entry Variant access point for Added entry Preferred title for the work for Uniform title Creator for Author, etc. Carrier type for Specific material designation

Historical context RDA should be considered as an evolution of cataloguing practice: Rules for the Compilation of the Catalogue / by Anthony Panizzi (1841) Rules of a Printed Dictionary Catalogue / by Charles Ammi Cutter (1876) Subsequent editions: 1889; 1891; 1904 A.L.A. Cataloguing Rules (1908) Subsequent editions: 1941; 1949 Rules for Descriptive Cataloguing in the Library of Congress (1949) Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (1967) Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. (1978) Major revisions: 1988; 1998; 2002

Historical context Rules have continued to evolve: Transcription becomes more comprehensive: AACR allows the omission of the statement of authorship if it matched in form the heading of the author AACR2 requires the statement of responsibility in all cases AACR2 requires the abbreviation in edition statements of ordinal numbers and the word edition RDA requires edition statements to be transcribed as they appear Authors are as they appear to be: AACR required authors using pseudonyms to be entered under their real names AACR2 required the use of bibliographic identities AACR2 required that fictitious authorship be attributed to the actual author RDA states that persons include fictitious entities

Historical context The successor to AACR2 was originally going to be called AACR3 Early in development, the decision was made to fundamentally reconsider the cataloguing code rather than just substantially revise it The cataloguing code needed more than a revision of the current code A.A.C.R., second edition, originally stated that it is a cardinal principle... that the description... should be based... on the chapter dealing with the class of materials to which that item belongs and that the starting point for description is the physical form of the item in hand

Major goals RDA is designed to be more international It removes the Anglo-American focus on certain aspects of the rules It allows for cataloguing agencies to record data as appropriate for their users It is intended to be used by more constituents than just libraries RDA is designed to be better suited to non-book material It reflects the acquisition by libraries of content in many formats It eliminates the fundamental division of works based on the carrier

Major goals RDA is designed for computer catalogues Information is not abbreviated to conserve space Different types of information are different elements (e.g., dates of copyright, distribution, manufacture formerly could be used in place of dates of publication; these are now separate elements) Information that does not appear on the item is recorded in notes rather than supplied RDA is designed to be more intelligible to users Descriptive information is not abbreviated (e.g., <illustrations> rather than <ill.>) Latin abbreviations are not used (e.g., <[publisher not identified]> rather than <[s.n.]>)

Example 1 Claxton, T. F. (Thomas Folkes), b. 1874. Report on the time service / by T.F. Claxton. Honkgong [sic] : Printed by Noronha & Co., Govt. Printers, 1914. 19 p. : ill. ; 34 cm. I. Title. Text Claxton, T. F. (Thomas Folkes), born 1874. Report on the time service / by T.F. Claxton. Honkgong : [publisher not identified], 1914 (Printed by Noronha & Company, Government Printers). 19 pages : illustrations ; 34 cm. Published in Hong Kong. I. Title.

Example 2 A collection of poems by five Montreal poets / Judy Allison... [et al.]. 1st ed. Dorval, Qué. : Techno-Graphic Services Co., 1975. 125 p. ; 22 cm. I. Allison, Judy. II. Title. Text Allison, Judy, author. A collection of poems by five Montreal poets / Judy Allison, Malca Friedman, Alice Lighthall, Margaret Furness Macleod, Bluebell Stewart Phillips. First edition. Dorval, Québec : Techno-Graphic Services Company, 1975. 125 pages ; 22 cm. I. Friedman, Malca, author. II. Lighthall, Alice, author. III. MacLeod, Margaret Furness, author. IV. Phillips, Bluebell S., 1904-, author. V. Title.

Example 3 Ferris, George Hooper, 1867-1917. "What is the Bible?" : sermon / preached by George H. Ferris in the First Baptist Church on Sunday morning, October 13, 1907. [S.l. : s.n., 1907?] [8] p. ; 23 cm. I. Title. Text Ferris, George Hooper, 1867-1917. "What is the Bible?" / sermon preached by the Rev. George H. Ferris in the First Baptist Church on Sunday morning, October 13, 1907. [Place of publication not identified] : [Publisher not identified], [1907?]. 8 unnumbered pages ; 23 cm. I. Title.

Example 4 Pickering, Duncan. Milk processing industry in Scotland, 1991 [cartographic material] / based on compilation by Duncan Pickering ; cartography by Yvonne Wilson. Scale [ca. 1:1,400,000] [Scotland] : Scottish Dairy Trade Federation, 1991. 1 map : col. ; 41 x 29 cm., folded to 21 x 30 cm. Includes Shetland inset. I. Wilson, Yvonne. II. Scottish Dairy Trade Federation. III. Title. Image (cartographic) Pickering, Duncan. Milk processing industry in Scotland 1991 / based on compilation by Duncan Pickering ; cartography by Yvonne Wilson. Scale [ca. 1:1,400,000] [Scotland] : Scottish Dairy Trade Federation, 1991. 1 map : color ; 41 x 29 cm, folded to 21 x 30 cm. Includes Shetland inset. I. Wilson, Yvonne, cartographer. II. Scottish Dairy Trade Federation, issuing body. III. Title.

Example 5 Williams, Mary. The Dickens concordance [electronic resource] : being a compendium of names and characters and principal places mentioned in all the works of Charles Dickens / by Mary Williams. London : F. Griffiths, 1907. 1 electronic text (162 p.) : digital, PDF file. "Containing first a List of the Works, secondly a Summary of Chapters in each book or pamphlet, and thirdly a complete Alphabetical Index of names, with the title of book and number of chapter quoted." Electronic reproduction. Toronto, Ont. : Internet Archive, [200-]. I. Title. Text : Electronic Williams, Mary. The Dickens concordance : being a being a compendium of names and characters and principal places mentioned in all the works of Charles Dickens : containing first a list of the works, secondly a summary of chapters in each book or pamphlet, and thirdly a complete alphabetical index of names, with the title of book and number of chapter quoted / by Mary Williams. London : Francis Griffiths, 34 Maiden Lane, Strand, W.C., 1907. 1 online resource (162 pages) : digital, PDF file. Electronic reproduction. Toronto, Ontario : Internet Archive, [2000s]. I. Electronic reproduction of (manifestation): Williams, Mary. Dickens concordance. 1907. II. Title.

Example 6 The Roman spring of Mrs. Stone [videorecording] / Seven Arts Productions ; screenplay by Gavin Lambert ; produced by Louis de Rochmont ; directed by José Quintero. Burbank, CA : Warner Home Video, [2006] 1 videodisc (104 min.) : sd., col. ; 4 3/4 in. Cast: Vivien Leigh, Warren Beatty. Credits: Music composed by Richard Addinsell. Based on the novel by Tennessee Williams. I. Quintero, José. II. Lambert, Gavin. III. Addinsell, Richard, 1904-1977. IV. Leigh, Vivien, 1913-1967. V. Beatty, Warren, 1937-. VI. Seven Arts Productions. VII. Warner Home Video (Firm). VIII. Williams, Tennessee, 1911-1983. Roman spring of Mrs. Stone. IX. Title. Image (Moving) : Video The Roman spring of Mrs. Stone / Seven Arts Productions ; screenplay by Gavin Lambert ; produced by Louis de Rochmont ; directed by José Quintero. Burbank, CA : Warner Home Video, [2006]. 1 videodisc (104 min.) : color, sound ; 12 cm. Cast: Vivien Leigh, Warren Beatty. Credits: Music composed by Richard Addinsell. Based on the novel by Tennessee Williams. I. Quintero, José, film director. II. Lambert, Gavin, screenwriter. III. Addinsell, Richard, 1904-1977, composer. IV. Leigh, Vivien, 1913-1967, actor. V. Beatty, Warren, 1937-, actor. VI. Seven Arts Productions. VII. Warner Home Video (Firm), film distributor. VIII. Williams, Tennessee, 1911-1983. Roman spring of Mrs. Stone, motion picture adaptation of. IX. Title.

Example 7 Stoppard, Tom. [Plays. Selections] Four plays for radio / Tom Stoppard. London : Faber and Faber, 1984. 150 p. ; 20 cm. Contents: Artist descending a staircase -- Where are they now? -- If you're Glad, I'll be Frank -- Albert's bridge. I. Title. Text Stoppard, Tom. Four plays for radio / Tom Stoppard. London : Faber and Faber, 1984. 150 pages ; 20 cm. Contents: Artist descending a staircase -- Where are they now? -- If you're Glad, I'll be Frank -- Albert's bridge. I. Stoppard, Tom. Artist descending a staircase. II. Stoppard, Tom. Where are they now? III. Stoppard, Tom. If you're Glad, I'll be Frank. IV. Stoppard, Tom. Albert's bridge. V. Title.

Example 8 Bible. N.T. John. English. Lynch. 2008. The script : a hip-hop devotional through the book of John / by Fred Lynch. Grand Rapids, MI : Zondervan, c2008. 175 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. + 1 computer optical disc (4 3/4 in.) I. Lynch, Fred D., III. II. Title. Text + Music (Performed) : Electronic Bible. John. English. Lynch. 2008. The script : a hip-hop devotional through the book of John / by Fred Lynch. Grand Rapids, MI : Zondervan, [2008], 2008. 175 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm + 1 computer disc (12 cm). I. Lynch, Fred D., III. II. Title.

Example 9 Alternative NGO coalition report ont [sic] the situation of torture int [sic] the Republic of Indonesia / [written by Yayasan LBH Indonesia... et al.] ; submitted to the Committee against Torture of the United Nations. [Jakarta] : PIRD, [2001] 156, 174 p., [2] p. of plates : col. ill. ; 21 cm. I. Yayasan Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Indonesia. II. United Nations. Committee against Torture. III. Title. IV. Title: Alternative NGO coalition report on the situation of torture in the Republic of Indonesia. Text Alternative NGO coalition report ont the situation of torture int the Republic of Indonesia / written by Yayasan LBH Indonesia [and 6 others] ; submitted to the Committee against Torture of the United Nations. [Jakarta] : PIRD, [2001]. 156, 174 pages, 2 unnumbered pages of plates : color illustrations ; 21 cm. Corrected title: Alternative NGO coalition report on the situation of torture in the Republic of Indonesia. I. Yayasan Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Indonesia. II. United Nations. Committee against Torture, sponsoring body. III. Title. IV. Title: Alternative NGO coalition report on the situation of torture in the Republic of Indonesia.

Example 10 Lloyd Webber, Andrew, 1948- Evita [sound recording] : the complete motion picture music soundtrack. Music to the film Evita. Lyrics by Tim Rice ; music by Andrew Lloyd. Credits: Madonna, Antonio Bandaras, Jonathan Pryce, Jimmy Nail, principal vocalists ; John Mauceri, David Caddick, Mike Dixon, conductors. I. Rice, Tim, 1944- II. Madonna, 1958- III. Banderas, Antonio. IV. Pryce, Jonathan. V. Nail, Jimmy. VI. Mauceri, John. VII. Caddick, David. VIII. Dixon, Michael, conductor. IX. Evita (Motion picture : 1996) X. Title. Music (performed) : Audio Lloyd Webber, Andrew, 1948-, composer. Evita : the complete motion picture music soundtrack. Music to the film Evita. Lyrics by Tim Rice ; music by Andrew Lloyd. Credits: Madonna, Antonio Bandaras, Jonathan Pryce, Jimmy Nail, principal vocalists ; John Mauceri, David Caddick, Mike Dixon, conductors. I. Rice, Tim, 1944-, lyricist. II. Madonna, 1958-, singer. III. Banderas, Antonio, singer. IV. Pryce, Jonathan, singer. V. Nail, Jimmy, singer. VI. Dixon, Michael, conductor, conductor. VII. Mauceri, John, conductor. VIII. Caddick, David, conductor. IX. Contained in (expression): Evita (Motion picture : 1996) X. Title.

Example 11 Pasatieri, Thomas. The daughter of Capulet : for voice and piano [music] / Thomas Pasatieri ; text adapted from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. I. Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Romeo and Juliet. II. Title. Music (notated) Pasatieri, Thomas, composer. The daughter of Capulet : for voice and piano / Thomas Pasatieri ; text adapted from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. I. Musical setting of (work): Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Romeo and Juliet. II. Title.

Example 12 Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. [Alice's adventures in Wonderland] The nursery "Alice" : containing twenty coloured enlargements from Tenniel's illustrations to Alice's adventures in Wonderland : with text adapted to nursery readers / by Lewis Carroll. Tokyo : Holp Shuppan, 1981. 56 p. : 20 col. ill. ; 26 cm. (Facsimile editions from the Osbourne Collection of Early Children's Books ; v. 25) Facsim. of: London : Macmillan, 1889. I. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914. II. Title. III. Title: Facsimile editions from the Osbourne Collection of Early Children's Books ; v. 25. Text Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898, author. [Alice's adventures in Wonderland] The nursery "Alice" : containing twenty coloured enlargements from Tenniel's illustrations to Alice's adventures in Wonderland : with text adapted to nursery readers / by Lewis Carroll ; the cover designed and coloured by E. Gertrude Thomson. Tokyo : Holp Shuppan, 1981. 56 pages : color illustrations ; 26 cm. (Facsimile editions from the Osbourne Collection of Early Children's Books ; volume 25) Facsimile of: London : Macmillan and Co., 1889. I. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914, illustrator. II. Thomson, E. Gertrude (Emily Gertrude), illustrator. III. Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Alice's adventures in Wonderland. 1889, facsimile of (manifestation) III. Title. IV. Title: Facsimile editions from the Osbourne Collection of Early Children's Books ; volume 25.

Major changes Content type, carrier type, and media type are recorded for all resources The general material designation is eliminated The list of general material designations is a mixture of classes of material, forms of carrier, physical formats, and notations R.D.A. separates the content from the carrier Content type is the form of communication through which a work is expressed Carrier type is the format of storage medium and housing of the carrier Media type is the general type of intermediation device needed to access the content of the resource

Major changes Descriptive information is not abbreviated Abbreviations are not used for non-transcribed elements Measurements (size, duration) are abbreviated No abbreviations in transcribed elements (edition statement, etc.) The rule of three is eliminated All authors, etc., are recorded, with an option to omit and provide a summary of omission Latin abbreviations s.l. and s.n. are eliminated [Place of publication not identified] and [publisher not identified] are used

Major changes Descriptive information is recorded as it appears Information may be taken from anywhere in the resource Inaccuracies are transcribed without interpolation Corrected titles are added as variant titles If necessary, a note is made correcting the inaccuracy Statements of responsibility include titles of honour, affiliations, etc. Publication information is recorded as it appears No omission of geographic jurisdiction No omission of terms of incorporation for publishers, etc. Arabic numerals are not substituted for roman numerals in dates Dates may be recorded in both arabic and roman numerals

Major changes Different types of information are recorded separately Publisher, distributor, manufacturer are separate elements Date of publication is mandatory Dates of manufacture, dates of distribution, copyright dates are separate elements and can not recorded in place of dates of publication Relationships are described in access points Relationship designators describe an entity s relationship with a resource Allows for searching and sorting based on relationships

Major changes Information is recorded logically Information not on the resource is given in notes rather than supplied Illustrations comprising the entirety of a volume are recorded as contents rather than physical description Information is recorded to allow sharing Rules are intended to allow for minimal manipulation by cataloguers Information recorded is not dependent on the cataloguing agency Publication information is recorded irrespective of where the cataloguing agency is located

M.A.R.C. changes Field 245 subfield $h is replaced with fields for content type, carrier type, media type Field 336: Content type Controlled vocabulary; requires a term or a code Field 337: Media type Controlled vocabulary; requires a term or a code Field 338: Carrier type Controlled vocabulary; requires a term or a code Field 260 is replaced with field 264 Second indicator represents function (production, publication, distribution, manufacture, copyright notice)

Questions?

Theoretical basis R.D.A., unlike A.A.C.R., was developed based on a theoretical framework The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions has released frameworks for what catalogues should do: Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records (1998, amended 2009) Functional Requirements for Authority Data (2009) Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (2010) Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (2009) expounds general principles of catalogues

Theoretical basis The principles of the Statement of International Cataloguing Principles are: Convenience of the user Common usage Representation Accuracy Sufficiency and necessity Significance Economy Consistency and standardisation Integration

Theoretical basis The user tasks associated with the Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records are: Find Find resources that correspond to search criteria Identify Confirm that the resource corresponds to the one sought Distinguish between two similar resources Select Select a resource that is appropriate to their needs Obtain Acquire or access the resource Navigate (unofficial) Discover works and attributes related to the given resource

Theoretical basis The user tasks associated with the Functional Requirements for Authority Data are: Find Find entities that correspond to search criteria Identify Confirm that the entity matches the one sought Distinguish between two similar entities Contextualise Identify relationships between different entities Clarify the contexts of attributes for an entity Justify Understand the choice of preferred access point

Theoretical basis The user tasks associated with the Functional Requirements of Subject Authority Data are: Find Find subjects that correspond to search criteria Identify Confirm that the subject corresponds to the one sought Distinguish between two similar subjects Select Select a subject that is appropriate to their needs Explore Explore relationships between subjects

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities are in three groups: Products of intellectual or artistic endeavour Work: a distinct creation Expression: the realisation of a work Manifestation: the physical embodiment of an expression Item: a single exemplar of a manifestation Entities responsible for intellectual or artistic content Person: an individual Family: persons related by birth, marriage, adoption, etc. Corporate body: an organisation or group of individuals Subjects of intellectual or artistic endeavour Concept: an abstract notion Object: a material thing Event: an action or occurrence Place: a location

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Works: Title of the work Form of work Date of the work Other distinguishing characteristic Intended termination Intended audience Context for the work [Attributes for specific forms] Expressions: Title of the expression Form of expression Date of expression

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Expressions: Language of expression Other distinguishing characteristic Extensibility of expression Revisability of expression Extent of the expression Summarization of content Context for the expression Critical response to the expression Use restrictions on the expression Sequencing pattern (serial) Expected regularity of issue (serial) Expected frequency of issue (serial)

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Expressions: [Attributes for specific forms] Manifestations: Title of the manifestation Statement of responsibility Edition/issue designation Place of publication/distribution Publisher/distributor Date of publication/distribution Fabricator/manufacturer Series statement Form of carrier Extent of the carrier

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Manifestations: Physical medium Capture mode Dimensions of the carrier Manifestation identifier Source for acquisition/access authorization Terms of availability Access restrictions on the manifestation Publication status (serial) Numbering (serial) [Attributes for specific forms] Items: Item identifier

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Items: Fingerprint Provenance of the item Marks/inscriptions Exhibition history Condition of the item Treatment history Scheduled treatment Access restrictions on the item

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Persons: Name of person Dates of person Title of person Other designation associated with the person Corporate bodies: Name of the corporate body Number associated with the corporate body Place associated with the corporate body Date associated with the corporate body Other designation associated with the corporate body

Theoretical basis for RDA FRBR entities have attributes: Concepts: Term for the concept Objects: Term for the object Events: Term for the Event Places: Term for the Place

F.R.B.R. example 1 Dallaire, Roméo, author. [Shake hands with the devil. French] J'ai serré la main du diable : la faillite de l'humanité au Rwanda / Roméo Dallaire avec la participation du major Brent Beardsley ; traduit de l'anglais par Jean-Louis Morgan. Outremont (Québec) : Éditions Libre expression, 2003. 684 pages : maps ; 23 cm. Autobiography. Translation of: Shake hands with the devil. Includes bibliographical references and index. Library copy signed by the author. 1. Dallaire, Roméo. 2. Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1994-- Atrocities. 3. Genocide--Rwanda. 4. Peacekeeping forces--rwanda. I. Beardsley, Brent, author. II. Morgan, Jean-Louis, translator. III. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 1: Work Dallaire, Roméo, author. [Shake hands with the devil. French] J'ai serré la main du diable : la faillite de l'humanité au Rwanda / Roméo Dallaire avec la participation du major Brent Beardsley ; traduit de l'anglais par Jean-Louis Morgan. Outremont (Québec) : Éditions Libre expression, 2003. 684 pages : maps ; 23 cm. Autobiography. Translation of: Shake hands with the devil. Includes bibliographical references and index. Library copy signed by the author. 1. Dallaire, Roméo. 2. Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1994-- Atrocities. 3. Genocide--Rwanda. 4. Peacekeeping forces--rwanda. I. Beardsley, Brent, author. II. Morgan, Jean-Louis, translator. III. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 1: Expression Dallaire, Roméo, author. [Shake hands with the devil. French] J'ai serré la main du diable : la faillite de l'humanité au Rwanda / Roméo Dallaire avec la participation du major Brent Beardsley ; traduit de l'anglais par Jean-Louis Morgan. Outremont (Québec) : Éditions Libre expression, 2003. 684 pages : maps ; 23 cm. Autobiography. Translation of: Shake hands with the devil. Includes bibliographical references and index. Library copy signed by the author. 1. Dallaire, Roméo. 2. Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1994-- Atrocities. 3. Genocide--Rwanda. 4. Peacekeeping forces--rwanda. I. Beardsley, Brent, author. II. Morgan, Jean-Louis, translator. III. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 1: Manifestation Dallaire, Roméo, author. [Shake hands with the devil. French] J'ai serré la main du diable : la faillite de l'humanité au Rwanda / Roméo Dallaire avec la participation du major Brent Beardsley ; traduit de l'anglais par Jean-Louis Morgan. Outremont (Québec) : Éditions Libre expression, 2003. 684 pages : maps ; 23 cm. Autobiography. Translation of: Shake hands with the devil. Includes bibliographical references and index. Library copy signed by the author. 1. Dallaire, Roméo. 2. Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1994-- Atrocities. 3. Genocide--Rwanda. 4. Peacekeeping forces--rwanda. I. Beardsley, Brent, author. II. Morgan, Jean-Louis, translator. III. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 1: Item Dallaire, Roméo, author. [Shake hands with the devil. French] J'ai serré la main du diable : la faillite de l'humanité au Rwanda / Roméo Dallaire avec la participation du major Brent Beardsley ; traduit de l'anglais par Jean-Louis Morgan. Outremont (Québec) : Éditions Libre expression, 2003. 684 pages : maps ; 23 cm. Autobiography. Translation of: Shake hands with the devil. Includes bibliographical references and index. Library copy signed by the author. 1. Dallaire, Roméo. 2. Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1994-- Atrocities. 3. Genocide--Rwanda. 4. Peacekeeping forces--rwanda. I. Beardsley, Brent, author. II. Morgan, Jean-Louis, translator. III. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 2 MacMillan, Margaret, 1943-, author. [Peacemakers] Paris 1919 : six months that changed the world / Margaret Macmillan. First U.S. edition. New York : Random House, 2002, 2001. xxxi, 570 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations, maps, portraits ; 25 cm. Originally published under title: Peacemakers. London : Jonathan Murray, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (pages 497-512) and index. Summary: Describes the negotiations for peace following the end of World War I. 1. Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) 2. World War, 1914-1918-- Peace. 3. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 4. Germany--History--1918-1933. I. Reprint of (manifestation): MacMillan, Margaret, 1943- Peacemakers. II. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 2: Work MacMillan, Margaret, 1943-, author. [Peacemakers] Paris 1919 : six months that changed the world / Margaret Macmillan. First U.S. edition. New York : Random House, 2002, 2001. xxxi, 570 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations, maps, portraits ; 25 cm. Originally published under title: Peacemakers. London : Jonathan Murray, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (pages 497-512) and index. Summary: Describes the negotiations for peace following the end of World War I. 1. Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) 2. World War, 1914-1918-- Peace. 3. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 4. Germany--History--1918-1933. I. Reprint of (manifestation): MacMillan, Margaret, 1943- Peacemakers. II. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 2: Expression MacMillan, Margaret, 1943-, author. [Peacemakers] Paris 1919 : six months that changed the world / Margaret Macmillan. First U.S. edition. New York : Random House, 2002, 2001. xxxi, 570 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations, maps, portraits ; 25 cm. Originally published under title: Peacemakers. London : Jonathan Murray, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (pages 497-512) and index. Summary: Describes the negotiations for peace following the end of World War I. 1. Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) 2. World War, 1914-1918-- Peace. 3. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 4. Germany--History--1918-1933. I. Reprint of (manifestation): MacMillan, Margaret, 1943- Peacemakers. II. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 2: Manifestation MacMillan, Margaret, 1943-, author. [Peacemakers] Paris 1919 : six months that changed the world / Margaret Macmillan. First U.S. edition. New York : Random House, 2002, 2001. xxxi, 570 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations, maps, portraits ; 25 cm. Originally published under title: Peacemakers. London : Jonathan Murray, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (pages 497-512) and index. Summary: Describes the negotiations for peace following the end of World War I. 1. Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) 2. World War, 1914-1918-- Peace. 3. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 4. Germany--History--1918-1933. I. Reprint of (manifestation): MacMillan, Margaret, 1943- Peacemakers. II. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 2: Item MacMillan, Margaret, 1943-, author. [Peacemakers] Paris 1919 : six months that changed the world / Margaret Macmillan. First U.S. edition. New York : Random House, 2002, 2001. xxxi, 570 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations, maps, portraits ; 25 cm. Originally published under title: Peacemakers. London : Jonathan Murray, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (pages 497-512) and index. Summary: Describes the negotiations for peace following the end of World War I. 1. Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) 2. World War, 1914-1918-- Peace. 3. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 4. Germany--History--1918-1933. I. Reprint of (manifestation): MacMillan, Margaret, 1943- Peacemakers. II. Title.

F.R.B.R. example 3 Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898, author. The annotated Alice : Alice's adventures in Wonderland & Through the looking-glass / by Lewis Carroll ; illustrated by John Tenniel ; with an introduction and notes by Martin Gardner. New York : Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., Publisher, [1960], 1960. 351 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-351). Summary: A little girl falls down a rabbit hole and discovers a world of nonsensical and amusing characters. I. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Alice's adventures in Wonderland II. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Through the looking-glass. III. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914, illustrator. IV. Gardner, Martin, 1914-2010, editor. V. Title. VI. Title: Alice's adventures in Wonderland. VII. Title: Through the looking glass.

F.R.B.R. example 3: Work Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898, author. The annotated Alice : Alice's adventures in Wonderland & Through the looking-glass / by Lewis Carroll ; illustrated by John Tenniel ; with an introduction and notes by Martin Gardner. New York : Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., Publisher, [1960], 1960. 351 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-351). Summary: A little girl falls down a rabbit hole and discovers a world of nonsensical and amusing characters. I. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Alice's adventures in Wonderland. II. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Through the looking-glass. III. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914, illustrator. IV. Gardner, Martin, 1914-2010, editor. V. Title. VI. Title: Alice's adventures in Wonderland. VII. Title: Through the looking glass.

F.R.B.R. example 3: Expression Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898, author. The annotated Alice : Alice's adventures in Wonderland & Through the looking-glass / by Lewis Carroll ; illustrated by John Tenniel ; with an introduction and notes by Martin Gardner. New York : Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., Publisher, [1960], 1960. 351 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-351). Summary: A little girl falls down a rabbit hole and discovers a world of nonsensical and amusing characters. I. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Alice's adventures in Wonderland. II. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Through the looking-glass. III. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914, illustrator. IV. Gardner, Martin, 1914-2010, editor. V. Title. VI. Title: Alice's adventures in Wonderland. VII. Title: Through the looking glass.

F.R.B.R. example 3: Manifestation Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898, author. The annotated Alice : Alice's adventures in Wonderland & Through the looking-glass / by Lewis Carroll ; illustrated by John Tenniel ; with an introduction and notes by Martin Gardner. New York : Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., Publisher, [1960], 1960. 351 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-351). Summary: A little girl falls down a rabbit hole and discovers a world of nonsensical and amusing characters. I. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Alice's adventures in Wonderland. II. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Through the looking-glass. III. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914, illustrator. IV. Gardner, Martin, 1914-2010, editor. V. Title. VI. Title: Alice's adventures in Wonderland. VII. Title: Through the looking glass.

F.R.B.R. example 3: Item Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898, author. The annotated Alice : Alice's adventures in Wonderland & Through the looking-glass / by Lewis Carroll ; illustrated by John Tenniel ; with an introduction and notes by Martin Gardner. New York : Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., Publisher, [1960], 1960. 351 pages : illustrations ; 29 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-351). Summary: A little girl falls down a rabbit hole and discovers a world of nonsensical and amusing characters. I. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Alice's adventures in Wonderland. II. Contains (work): Carroll, Lewis, 1832-1898. Through the looking-glass. III. Tenniel, John, Sir, 1820-1914, illustrator. IV. Gardner, Martin, 1914-2010, editor. V. Title. VI. Title: Alice's adventures in Wonderland. VII. Title: Through the looking glass.

Questions? Brian Stearns brian.stearns@ualberta.ca