Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 Second Edition, 2004 August 2004 Update

Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 Second Edition, 2004 August 2004 Update Highlights Tag/Rule Addition/Change Page # 007 SR Typo corrected in heading 3.0-31-32 007 SR Typo corrected in heading 008 BK M21 Char Related field added 3.0-41-42 pos. 24-27 020 L1.8 Section added re. 13-digit ISBNs 3.0-77-80 110 Form of place changed 3.1-35-56 name 111 Form of meeting Example corrected 3.1-47-48 name 24.7A 245-5XX L1.0A3 Rule number changed for L1.0H 3.2-3-4 245$a 5.1B1 Example corrected 3.2-11-12 245:$b 1.1E4 Example corrected 3.2-25-26 246 Example corrected 3.2-39-40 246:$b Example added 3.2-53-54 250 Example corrected 3.2-55-56 260$c 6.4F2 Typo corrected 3.2-95-96 260$c 6.7B7 Examples corrected 300$a ER L9.5B1 Option decision re SMD added 3.3-9-10 300$a ER L9.5B3 Option decision re SMD added 3.3-11-12 300$a SR L6.5B1 Option decision re SMD added 3.3-15-16 re. option revised 300$a VD 7.5B1 re. SMD option revised 3.3-21-22 306$a Words added 3.3-27-28 4XX L1.6B Section heading added 3.4-3-4 440$p L1.6H Section heading changed 3.4-9-10 490$p L1.6H Section heading changed 3.4-17-18 500 Physical Example corrected 3.5-21-22 description note 1.7B10 500 Physical Example added description note 2.7B10 500 Variant note Example corrected 3.5-33-34 1.7B4 502 Related field added to table 3.5-37-38 505 6.7B18 Example corrected 3.5-39-40 505 6.7B6 Example corrected 3.5-41-42 518$a s and examples changed and added 3.5-51-52 7XX L21.30K2 LCRI added 3.7-5-10 ER Chief Source Typo corrected 5.5-6 C30.3.2 ER Quick Match Paragraph added 5-9-10 SR Quick Match Words deleted 6-7-8 300$b SR Cheatsheet 306 Example corrected 6-11-12 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21--Highlights Aug 2004 1

Physical description fixed field 007 Sound recordings CODING PLAYBACK AND CAPTURE FOR AN 007 FOR A SOUND RECORDING TEST BLANK FORM (see next page for answers) Here is a self-test to see if you understand the difference between 007 coding for "Special playback characteristics" and "Capture and storage technique". It is a tricky concept. CD: AAD 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: CD: ADD 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: CD: DDD 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: ANALOG DISC, DIGITAL RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: ANALOG TAPE, ANALOG RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: ANALOG TAPE, DIGITAL RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: ANALOG TAPE, DOLBY 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: DIGITAL TAPE, DIGITAL RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): 500$a (Physical description): 007$m: 007$n: Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.0-31

007 Physical description fixed field Sound recordings CODING PLAYBACK AND CAPTURE FOR AN 007 FOR A SOUND RECORDING TEST ANSWERS CD: AAD 300$b (Type of recording): digital 500$a (Physical description): Compact disc. Analog recording 007$m: e 007$n: e CD: ADD 300$b (Type of recording): digital 500$a (Physical description): Compact disc. Analog recording 007$m: e 007$n: e CD: DDD 300$b (Type of recording): digital 500$a (Physical description): Compact disc. Digital recording 007$m: e 007$n: d ANALOG DISC, DIGITAL RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): analog 500$a (Physical description): Digital recording. 007$m: blank 007$n: d ANALOG TAPE, ANALOG RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): analog 500$a (Physical description): none needed 007$m: blank 007$n: e ANALOG TAPE, DIGITAL RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): analog 500$a (Physical description): Digital recording. 007$m: blank 007$n: d ANALOG TAPE, DOLBY 300$b (Type of recording): analog, Dolby processed 500$a (Physical description): none needed 007$m: c 007$n: e DIGITAL TAPE, DIGITAL RECORDING 300$b (Type of recording): digital 500$a (Physical description): none needed 007$m: e 007$n: d 3.0-32 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Fixed-length data elements 008 Books M21 Char Pos. OCLC Label Your Label 008 Books MARC21 order Related Fields 23 Form Form of item 245$h; # none of the following 300$a; a microfilm 533$a b microfiche c microopaque d large print f Braille r regular print reproduction (e.g., photocopy) s electronic (computer is needed for access) 24-27 Cont Nature of contents Code only if contents are significant, but code bibliographies, discographies, and filmographies if 504 present; use up to four codes; enter in alphabetical order # not specified a abstracts/summaries b bibliographies 504 c catalogs d dictionaries, glossaries, gazetteers e encyclopedias f handbooks g legal articles i indexes (to bibliographical material other than itself) j patent document k discographies 504 l legislation m theses 502 n literature surveys o reviews p programmed texts q filmographies 504 r directories s statistics t technical reports u standards/specifications v legal cases & case notes w law reports & digests z treaties 28 GPub Government publication 260$b # not a government publication a autonomous or semi-autonomous component c multi-local f federal / national i international intergovernmental l local m multi-state o government publication--level undetermined s state, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc. u unknown if item is a government publication z other 29 Conf Conference publication proceedings, reports or summaries of a conference 0 not a conference publication 1 conference publication 30 Fest Festschrift a collection honoring a person, institution, or society 0 not a festschrift 1 festschrift 31 Indx Index 500; 504 0 no index present 1 index present Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.0-41

008 Fixed-length data elements Books M21 Char Pos. OCLC Label Your Label 008 Books MARC21 order Related Fields 32 Undefined (blank) was 'Main entry in body of entry'--now obsolete 33 LitF Literary form 0 not fiction 1 fiction c comic strips d dramas e essays f novels h humor, satire, etc. i letters j short stories m mixed forms, e.g., poetry and short stories p poetry s speeches u unknown 34 Biog Biography # not biographical material a individual autobiography b individual biography c collective biography or autobiography d contains biographical information 35-37 Lang Language code a three character code from the MARC21 code list for languages for the language of the resource; if the resource is multilingual or a translation, enter the code for the predominant language, or the first alphabetically, or use 'mul', and enter the other codes in field 041 eng English fre French mul multiple 38 MRec Modified record # record not modified see MARC21 Format manual for other codes 39 Srce Cataloging source # National bibliographic agency (e.g., LC) c d u Cooperative Cataloging Program other (not one of the above) unknown 600 600 650$v 041; 546 040$a Sometimes the 008 labels are not printed when MARC records are printed, making the 008 hard to read. Try lining this template up with a printed 008 to show the meaning of each position. 9 6 0 8 0 6 s 1 9 9 6 o n c a b j b 0 0 0 0 e n g d y y m m d d DtSt Date 1 Date 1 Date 1 Date 1 Date 2 Date 2 Date 2 Date 2 Ctry Ctry Ctry Ills Ills Ills Ills Audn Form Cont Cont Cont Cont GPub Conf Fest Indx M/E OBSOLETE Fict Biog Lang Lang Lang MRec Srce 3.0-42 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

International Standard Book Number 020 020 International Standard Book Number (ISBN) Rule A 1.8 Source of information (1.8A2) Any source End of field punctuation None Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable Yes Indicators Blank Undefined Subfields $a Valid ISBN (NR) #:$c Terms of Availability (NR) $z Canceled/Invalid ISBN (R) An 020 contains an International Standard Book Number (ISBN). It can also contain a term of availability for the resource and a qualifier for the ISBN. Since ISBNs are assigned by publishers and are supposed to uniquely identify one edition of a work from one specific publisher, they are often used to try to detect duplicate MARC records during 'machine matching'. 4 Many library automation systems rely on the ISBN instead of, or as well as, the LCCN for machine matching. If the same ISBN is in two records that are loaded to a database, and the system is set up to match on ISBN, then the system will see that the records have the same ISBN and will treat them as duplicates: 020 $a0027780147 100 1 $arylant, Cynthia. 245 10 $ahenry and Mudge and the wild wind :$bthe twelfth book of their adventures /$cstory by Cynthia Rylant. 260 $anew York :$bbradbury Press ;$atoronto :$bmaxwell Macmillan Canada ; $anew York :$bmaxwell Macmillan International,$cc1993. 300 $a40 p. :$bcol. ill. ;$c22 cm. 852 $p32424000001225 020 $a0027780147 100 1 $arylant, Cynthia. 245 10 $ahenry and Mudge and the wild wind :$bthe twelfth book of their adventures /$cstory by Cynthia Rylant. 260 $anew York :$bbradbury Press ;$atoronto :$bmaxwell Macmillan Canada ; $anew York :$bmaxwell Macmillan International,$cc1993. 300 $a40 p. :$bcol. ill. ;$c22 cm. 852 $p32424000001259 The above records are duplicates. If these records are loaded to the same database, they should match on their 020 and merge to make one record, retaining the barcode numbers (given here 852$p) for each copy: 020 $a0027780147 100 1 $arylant, Cynthia. 245 10 $ahenry and Mudge and the wild wind :$bthe twelfth book of their adventures /$cstory by Cynthia Rylant. 260 $anew York :$bbradbury Press ;$atoronto :$bmaxwell Macmillan Canada ; $anew York :$bmaxwell Macmillan International,$cc1993. 300 $a40 p. :$bcol. ill. ;$c22 cm. 852 $p32424000001259 852 $p32424000001225 4 Machine matching occurs when a MARC record is loaded to a database and the library automation system tries to determine whether the incoming record is the same as a record that may already be in the database. Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.0-77

020 International Standard Book Number In order for a library automation system to determine that two ISBNs match, both ISBNs must be provided in the same format; this is called 'normalization'. The 'normalized' structure for an ISBN is: a ten-digit number with no spaces or hyphens between the numbers if the number ends in a lower case 'x', enter it in upper case (X) The ISBN on a resource may look like this: 0-8389-3386-6 or 0 8389 3386 6 Whatever utility/software you are using, you should enter ISBNs in this normalized format: 0838933866 If a number claims to be an ISBN but is not 10 digits, enter it as an invalid ISBN; see 020$z for further details. Because ISBNs are used for matching duplicate records, it is also very important that the same ISBN should never be found in two records that are different. If an ISBN appears, or could appear, in multiple, different records, then the only safe way to prevent them from ever being merged during machine matching is to put the ISBNs in subfield $z in all of the records. See 020$z for further details. L 1.8 2004 L 12.8B1 2002 SE If a search on an ISBN from a resource retrieves a record that does not match the resource, then enter that ISBN in subfield $z in the record for the resource. See the LCRI for details about the history of ISBNs and how they should be entered. Also see this LCRI for a new explanation of how LC is going to handle 13-digit ISBNs from Oct 1, 2004-Jan 1, 2007. Unfortunately these procedures are not finalized, however. Until further notice, therefore, catalogers would be advised to accept the new ISBNs as input in LC records, but continue to input the 13- digit ISBNs as EANs in 024. If an issue or part of a serial has an ISBN, do not add that ISBN to the serial record. 020 $a International Standard Book Number Rule A 1.8B Source of information (1.8A2) Any source Preceding punctuation None Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable No [used to be, but not now] A 1.8B1 020$a contains a properly normalized, valid ISBN: 020 $a0123456789 Give the ISBN for the resource being described. 3.0-78 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

International Standard Book Number 020 A 1.8B2 L 1.8B If more than one ISBN is present, give the one that applies to your resource. Optional: add the other ISBN [in separate 020] with qualifications as per 1.8E: 020 $a0435916602 (cased) 020 $a0435916610 (pbk.) "Transcribe first the number that is applicable to the item being described; transcribe other numbers in the order presented." May '95 A single record can contain multiple valid ISBNs ($a). If you are copying a record, you do not have to change the order of the ISBNs to make your number first (unless your local library automation system specifically instructs you to do so). LC says that it adds all ISBNs that are present on a resource to the record for that resource. However, you need to be very careful when you are doing this. Remember that some library automation systems use ISBNs for machine matching, and so you must not give the same ISBN in subfield $a in more than one, different, record. For example, if you have a book which has a library binding and it has the following ISBNs, you could enter all of them quite safely in separate 020$a because they can all share the same record: 020 $a0123456789 (library binding) 020 $a0123457890 (trade ed.) 020 $a0123458901 (pbk.) However, if you have a regular print book which also carries an ISBN for a large print version, then the ISBN for the large print version really belongs in a separate record (that should be made for the large print version): 0234578901 (trade ed.) 0234589012 (lg. print) You can add the large print ISBN to your regular print record, but if you do, you must add it as 'inappropriately assigned' using subfield $z (see 020$z following): 020 $a0234578901 (trade ed.) 020 $z0234589012 (lg. print) You must enter the large print ISBN as $z in the regular print record because you cannot have the same ISBN (for the large print) in subfield $a in two completely different records (the record for the regular print and the record for the large print). If you ever do that and then load both records to the same database, they will machine match on the ISBN and merge, and one of the different records will be lost. This applies to ISBNs for all types of resources. For example, if you have a sound cassette that carries an ISBN for the sound cassette version and another ISBN for a sound disc version, then the ISBN for the sound disc version really belongs in a separate record. You can add the sound disc ISBN to your sound cassette record, but if you do, you must enter it in subfield $z see 020$z below). Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.0-79

020 International Standard Book Number A 1.8B3 A 1.8B4 A 1.8E1 Make a note of other numbers (1.7B19). If you know the ISBN is incorrect and know the correct number, give it and add '(corrected)': 020 $a0340164271 (corrected) You could also add the incorrect number in subfield $z in another 020, just to show that you know about that number and know that it is incorrect. Add a brief qualification to multiple ISBNs: 020 $a0387082662 (U.S.) 020 $a3540082662 (Germany) 2003 Add a qualification to a single ISBN if desired: 020 $a0936996773 (pbk.) Watch out for qualifiers that indicate different types of formats for which you need to make different records, such as large print and regular print versions of a work. In the example below, the ISBN for the large print really belongs in a separate record. Since A1.8B2 says we can add all ISBNs found on a resource, you could include the large print ISBN with the other two ISBNs in the record that describes the regular print expressions, but must enter it in subfield $z: 020 $a0764224239 (pbk.) 020 $a0764228463 (hardcover) 020 $z0764228455 (large print pbk.) However, if you want include the regular print ISBNs in a record that describes the large print expression, then enter them in subfield $z: 020 $a0764228455 (large print pbk.) 020 $z0764224239 (pbk.) 020 $z0764228463 (hardcover) 020 :$c Terms of availability Rule A 1.8D Source of information (1.8A2) Any source Preceding punctuation Space colon (#:$c) Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Optional / Optional Repeatable No Related fields 037$c A 1.8D1 020$c contains the terms of availability of a resource (e.g., price). However, use 037$c for terms of availability of a serial (e.g., the subscription price). Note that most libraries now enter availability information in an item record instead of 020$c or 037$c. Give the price of a resource, or a brief statement of other terms, if it is not for sale: 020 $a0123456789 :$c$105.95 020 $cfree to students L 1.8 "Do not transcribe prices or other terms of availability" May 1995. 3.0-80 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Main entries 110 Corporate name main entry are given in a consistent, 'established' format. A 23 If you cannot find a name in an authority file, then you will have to follow the rules below to establish the name yourself. PLACE NAME HEADINGS Geographic names (referred to in this section as 'Place names') are coded as corporate names (X10) when they are headings. Place names are used as the entry element for the name of a government or other jurisdiction. A place name can also be used as an addition to a corporate name to distinguish it from a similar name, or as an addition to a meeting name. The rules below apply in all of these cases. They also apply when you are qualifying a place name for a publisher (260$a). L 23.1 A 23.2-3 A 23.2 L 23.2 A 23.3 See the LCRI for a list of ambiguous entities that are treated as geographic names. CHOICE OF PLACE NAME As with personal names, our first step in establishing a heading for a place name is to choose which name we will use for the place, especially if it has more than one name. English form available, e.g., Sverige: use the English form (found in gazetteers, etc.) if there is one in general use for a place that has different forms of names: $asweden. English form not available, or if in doubt, e.g., Rio de Janeiro: use the vernacular form (the name used in the official language of the place itself), if there is no commonly used English form: $ario de Janeiro. see the rule if the country has more than one official language Change of name, e.g., Rhodesia vs. Zimbabwe: follow the rules for corporate bodies (A24) and establish the new name for the place based on what is found on the resource being cataloged: $arhodesia. $azimbabwe. [for changes to place names used as subject headings, however, use the latest name, but see H708 and H710 in the Subject Cataloging Manual for much more on this topic] FORM OF PLACE NAME As with personal names, our next step in establishing a name for a place is to decide how to enter the name we have chosen to use for the place. See LCRI 23.2 for a list of gazetteers that should be used to decide on the form of name for a place. Once we know how to enter the name we have chosen to use for a place, we still have to check the rules to see if there is something that we should add to that name. The rules say nothing about omitting anything from a place name. Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.1-35

110 Main entries Corporate name main entry A 23.4 L 23.4B A 23.4C1 L 23.4C A 23.4C2 A 23.4D L 23.4D A 23.4E L 23.4E A 23.4F L 23.4F1 L 23.4F2 A 23.5 Additions: give additions to place names in parentheses; abbreviate additions as per AACR App. B.14 if a place is a country, do not add anything to the name of the country: $aunited States. $aaustralia. Places in Australia, Canada, Malaysia, United States, U.S.S.R., or Yugoslavia States, etc., e.g., Florida, or Ontario: if a place is a state or province, etc., do not add anything to the name of the state or province: $aflorida. $aontario. Places in Australia, Canada, Malaysia, United States, U.S.S.R., or Yugoslavia Not states, etc., e.g., Melbourne in Florida; Melbourne in South Australia: if a place is within a state or province, etc., add the name of the state or province in which the place is found; [abbreviated as per AACR Appendix B.14]: $amelbourne (Fla.) $amelbourne (S. Aust.) Places in the British Isles, i.e., England, the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands: if a place is one of the discrete parts of the British Isles, do not add anything to its name: $aengland. $ascotland. if a place is within one of the discrete parts, add the name of the part: $amelrose (Scotland) Other places, e.g., Jamaica or Kingston in Jamaica: if a place is a country that is not one of those listed above, use the name of the country as the place name: $ajamaica. if a place is in a country that is not one of those listed above, add the name of the country in which the place is found: $akingston (Jamaica) for Jerusalem, use: $ajerusalem. Further additions: if two or more places, within the same country, state, or province, etc., have the same name, add a name of a smaller place to distinguish between them: $abasildon (Essex, England) $abasildon (Berkshire, England) see the rule and LCRIs for details on adding words or phrases instead see the rule and LCRIs for details about adding an even smaller identifying place instead Place names including or requiring a term indicating a type of jurisdiction, e.g., County Kerry: see the rule 3.1-36 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Main entries 111 Meeting name main entry All meeting name headings should be under authority control. This means that they should be verified against an authority file (such as the LC authority file or a local authority file) to ensure that the headings are given in a consistent, 'established' format. If you cannot find a name in an authority file, then you will have to follow the rules below to establish the name yourself. L 24.7 A 24 A 24.1-3 A 24.7 A 24.7A L 24.7A A 24.7B1 L 24.7B A 24.7B2 L 24.7B2 A 24.7B3 See the LCRI for a list of ambiguous entities that are treated as conference or meeting names, including events. MEETING NAME HEADINGS Meeting names are considered corporate names by AACR. CHOICE OF MEETING NAME As with other corporate names, our first step in establishing a heading for a meeting name is to choose which name we will use for the meeting, especially if it has more than one name. See the same rules as for Choice of Name for corporate bodies given under 110 above (A21.1-24.3). FORM OF MEETING NAME As with other corporate names, meeting names are entered in direct order (A24.1), but we still have to decide what we should omit from or add to a meeting name. Omissions, e.g., The Second Annual Conference on AI, Simulation and Planning in High Autonomy Systems, April 1-2, 1991, Cocoa Beach, Florida: omit from the name of a meeting things that change from meeting to meeting; therefore omit numbers, frequency, and years from the meeting name in subfield $a: $aconference on AI, Simulation and Planning in High Autonomy Systems$n(2nd :$d1991 :$ccocoa Beach, Fla.) Omissions Initial articles: omit initial articles (e.g., The British Library) unless the name is to file under the initial article (e.g., Los Angeles): Additions Add certain information that distinguishes one particular meeting from another in a series of meetings. If available, add a number, a year, and the place in which a meeting was held, in that order. Enter these elements in parentheses after the name of the meeting, separated by colons. Name authority records for conference headings do not include the number, date, or place if the conference is an ongoing one. See the LCRI for further details on conflicts, the use of dates and locations, and a work containing the proceedings of two or more meetings. Additions Number, e.g., Second Annual Financial Services Institute: add the ordinal number (1st, 2nd, etc.) in English for a meeting if it is stated or inferred: $afinancial Services Institute$n(2nd :$d1984 :$cnew York, N.Y.) Additions Date, e.g., Conference on Dielectric and Insulating Materials: Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.1-47

111 Main entries Meeting name main entry add the year or years in which a meeting was held: $aconference on Dielectric and Insulating Materials$d(1964 :$clondon, England) A 24.7B4 Additions Location, e.g., Conference on Disarmament, 1985-1989: add the local place or institution, etc., at which a meeting was held: $aconference on Disarmament$c(United Nations) see the rule for further details on adding place names to conferences A 24.8A L 24.8 A 24.8B L 24.8B Exhibitions, fairs, festivals, etc. Omissions, e.g., Fourth All Orissa Children's Painting Exhibition, 1984: omit numbers from headings for exhibitions, fairs, festivals, etc.: $aall Orissa Children's Painting Exhibition$n(4th :$d1984) Exhibitions, fairs, festivals, etc. Additions, e.g., Calcutta Art Fair, 1983: add numbers, dates and locations, but if a date and/or location is a part of the name, do not add them again as qualifiers: $acalcutta Art Fair$d(1983) 111 $a Meeting name or jurisdiction name as entry element Rule 24 Headings for corporate bodies Sources of information Not applicable Preceding punctuation None Input standards LC: Full Mandatory Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Mandatory / Mandatory Repeatable No X11$a contains the name of a meeting, exhibition, fair, festival, etc.: $apittsburgh International Exhibition of Contemporary Art. $alondon Conference on Obstacles to Change in Latin America$d(1965) $asymposium on the Pineal Gland$d(1970 :$clondon, England) $ainternational War Crimes Tribunal$n(1st :$d1967 :$cstockholm, Sweden and Roskilde, Denmark) $ainternational Exhibition of Botanical Art & Illustration$n(3rd :$d1972-1973 :$chunt Institute for Botanical Documentation) Note that when adding subfields $n, or $d, and/or $c,the first of these codes is given outside the opening parenthesis. 111 $n( ) Number of meeting Rule 24.7B2 Sources of information Not applicable Enclosing punctuation Parentheses $n( ) Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable Yes X11$n contains a number designation for a meeting, exhibition, fair, festival, etc.: $awinterthur Conference on Museum Operation and 3.1-48 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

General rules for description 245-5XX 245-5XX General rules for description L 1.0 A 1.0A1 A 1.0A2 2004 A 1.0A3 2004 L 1.0A3 A 1.0A4 2004 A 1.0B A 1.0C See the LCRI for details on LC's decisions on the following before cataloging a resource: What is being cataloged? Type of issuance Monograph vs. serial Situations requiring further consideration Electronic resources Resources issued in loose-leaf format Conference publications Supplements Republications Printed travel guides Certain other printed resources Edition or copy of monograph [LC's version of 'When to make a new record'] Change in cataloging decision: monograph/serial Change in type of issuance Initial articles See the rule for an explanation of the concept of sources of information. For specific details see the appropriate chapter for the particular type of material. See the rule for details about the basis of descriptions of single part resources vs. multipart resources, including multipart monographs, serials, and integrating resources. See the rule for details about: the concept of 'chief source of information' and for details on resources lacking chief sources of information what to do when several chief sources are available. [Rule moved from 1.0H in the 2004 amendments] See the LCRI for further details about resources with several chief sources of information. See the rule for an explanation of the concept of 'prescribed sources of information' See the rule for details about organization of information. See the rule for details about punctuation. ISBD punctuation is a special kind of punctuation that we use to indicate where one piece of data ends and another begins. For example: A colon (:) in a title field indicates that what follows it is a subtitle Ellipses ( ) indicate that we have left something off Square brackets ([ ]) indicate we have added something that was not present on the material ISBD punctuation explanations are provided in this manual under the appropriate subfields in fields 245-5XX. Catalogers are expected to enter ISBD punctuation manually since most cataloging software does not attempt to add it automatically. If ISBD punctuation is added by any software, then that punctuation should be checked carefully, especially in the 245 field. Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.2-3

245-5XX General rules for description L 1.0C A 1.0D A 1.0E L 1.0E A 1.0F1 See the LCRI for 23 very useful pages of details about punctuation. Do not put spaces between initials in personal or corporate names given in direct order in the descriptive portion of a record. See the rule for details about levels of detail. See the rule for details about language and script. See the LCRI for details about language and script of the description: Pre-modern forms of letters Matter that cannot be reproduced by the facilities available Super/Subscript characters Greek letters Special marks of contraction Special letters, diacritical marks, and punctuation marks Signs and symbols Inaccuracies must be transcribed exactly as given in fields where descriptive information must be transcribed exactly. Add '[sic]' after a wrong spelling or '[i.e. ]' with the correctly spelled words, or add missing letters in square brackets. Consider adding 246 for titles with the corrected spelling. A 1.0G L 1.0G See the rule for details about accents or diacritics. See the LCRI for details about accents and other diacritical marks. 3.2-4 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Title proper 245 $a A 1.1B7 A 1.7B3 A 1.1B8 A 1.1B9 A 1.1B10 A 2.1B1 A 9.0B1 If a resource does not have a chief source, find a title elsewhere or create a brief, descriptive title and enclose it in square brackets: 245 10 $a[carte de la lune] In such a case, add a Source of Title Note (500) to indicate the source. If titles are given in more than one language, use the language of the script or the order of layout to determine the title proper: 245 10 $awood Cree =$bles cris des forets See 245$b Parallel title for how to enter the other titles given in other languages. See 245$p. If both collective and individual titles are given on a chief source of information, give the collective title as the title proper and give the individual titles in a Contents Note (505 A1.7B18): 245 10 $athree notable stories 505 0 $amorning -- Midday -- Night. BK Transcribe the title proper as per A1.1B. If a title page substitute is used, specify the part used as the title page substitute in a Source of Title Note (500 A2.7B3). ER If one of the sources of information for an electronic resource has more information than the others, make the most complete source of information the chief source of information. A 9.1B1 If an electronic resource is made up of more than one physical carrier, and the container for the parts has a collective title and the sources on the individual parts do not, treat the container as the chief source of information, as a unifying element. Transcribe the title proper as per A1.1B. A 9.1B2 Always give the source of the title proper in a Source of Title Note (500 A9.7B3), whether or not it comes from the chief source. As per A9.0B1, remember to take the title from the most complete source of information. A 9.1B3 Do not give a filename or a data set name as the title proper, unless that is all that is given in the chief source. If you wish, you could give such a title in a Variant Title Note (246 A9.7B4). A 6.0B1 SR If there is more than one physical carrier and/or labels for a sound recording, treat them as a single source. If accompanying textual material or a container has a collective title and the labels do not, treat the accompanying material or container as the chief source of information. Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.2-11

245 Title proper $a A 6.1B1 Transcribe the title proper as per A1.1B. See also A5.1B1 below for entering a title proper for a musical sound recording. If the title proper is not from the chief source, or is from the container as a unifying element, give the source of title in a Source of Title Note (500 A6.7B3,) [This means that if there is no collective title on the chief source, but there is one on another source, we can use the collective title, make the other source the substitute source, and add a 500 Source of Title Note]. MCB 6.1B1 L 6.1B1 If a title is simply the name of a type of composition plus one or more identifying elements, do not use it as a collective title, e.g.: Piano concertos no. 25, K. 503, no. 26, K. 637 If the name of an author or performer is before the titles of individual works, and the name could be considered a collective title, enter the name as the collective title. However, if the name is of a composer, treat it as a statement of responsibility. If one name-as-title is on one side and another name-as-title is on the other, give them as individual titles (separated by period-space). A 5.1B1 Transcribe the title proper as per A1.1B. If a title is generic (e.g., a type of composition, such as a Symphony, etc.), add other identifying elements (e.g., medium of performance, key, date of composition, opus number, etc.) as part of the title proper (i.e., in $a): 245 10 $asymphony no. 3, A major, op. 56$h[sound recording] If a title is distinctive (e.g., not a type of composition) give other identifying elements as other title information (i.e., in $b): 245 10 $aalso sprach Zarathustra$h[sound recording] :$bop. 30 A 5.1B2 A 7.1B1 If in doubt, treat identifying elements as part of the title proper ($a). If you have to supply a title, give all the necessary uniform title elements from rules A25.25-25.35. VD Transcribe the title proper as per A1.1B. If the title proper is not from the chief source, or is from the container as a unifying element, give the source of title in a Source of Title Note (500 A7.7B3). [This means that if there is no collective title on the chief source but there is one on another source, we are to use the collective title from the other source and make it the substitute source of information and add a 500 Source of Title Note]. 3.2-12 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Other title information 245 :$b L 1.1E If a subordinate title (e.g., for an appendix) is given before a statement of responsibility, enter the subordinate title in $b: 245 10 $ascience fiction serials :$ba critical filmography of the 31 hard SF cliffhangers : with an appendix of the 37 serials with slight SF content /$cby Roy Kinnard. However, if a subordinate title is given after a statement of responsibility, enter the subordinate title after the statement of responsibility in subfield $c. If such a title is very long, however, enter it in an un-indexed Variant Title Note (246 0#) instead. A 1.1E3 A 1.1E4 A 1.1E5 If subordinate titles are equal with the first title, see A1.1G for how to enter the titles as individual titles without a collective title. Shorten long other title information if it is possible to do so without loss of essential words, using ellipses to indicate omissions (... ), but only after the first five words. Otherwise, enter long other title information in an un-indexed Variant Title Note (246 0#). Include a statement of responsibility or name of publisher, etc., in the other title information ($b) if it is an integral part of the other title information (see also A1.1F12): 245 14 $athe devil's dictionary :$ba selection of the bitter definitions of Ambrose Bierce Enter other title information after the title proper or parallel title to which it belongs: 245 10 $alove :$ba novel = L'envers de l'histoire contemporaine : roman L 1.1E5 A 1.1E6 A 2.1E1 A 9.1E1 When other title information is given in multiple languages but no parallel title is present, either give only the other title information that is in the language of the title proper, or, if no other title information is in the language of the title proper, give the other title information that appears first. Optional: give all other title information separated by equal signs: 245 10 $alettera 1 :$ba standard book of fine lettering = Standardbuch guter Gebrauchsschriften = recueil de lettres et caractáeres LC will apply the option to give other title information in other languages when no parallel title is present on a case by case basis. See the LCRI for details. Add explanatory other title information in brackets, if the title proper needs explaining: 245 10 $alongfellow :$b[selections] BK Transcribe other title information as per A1.1E1. ER Transcribe other title information as per A1.1E1. A 6.1E1 SR Transcribe other title information as per A1.1E1. See also A5.1B1 under 245$a for instructions on when 'identifying elements' are entered in subfield $b vs. subfield $a. Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.2-25

245 Other title information :$b A 7.1E1 A 7.1E2 A 12.1E1 2002 VD Transcribe other title information as per A1.1E1. SE If a resource is actually a trailer (i.e., a preview of a film), add "[trailer]" as other title information: 245 10 $aannie Hall$h[videorecording] :$b[trailer] Transcribe other title information as per A1.1E1, if it is important or if: an acronym or initialism and a full form of a title are present on the chief source or substitute, in which case give the acronym or initialism as $b: 245 00 $areview of environmental educational developments :$breed a statement of responsibility or publisher's name is part of the other title info: 245 00 $a941.1 :$bnewsletter of AAL in Scotland the title proper is the name of a corporate body or conference, etc., in which case supply an explanation of the title in $b: 245 00 $ahawaii Institute of Physics :$b[report] the subtitle seems very important [e.g., it explains the title proper] Otherwise, either do not bother to include a subtitle for a serial, or give it in an un-indexed Variant Title Note (246 03 A12.7B6.1) 2004 Do not give other title information that only provides information about the "currency of the contents or the frequency of updating". A 12.1E2 2002 C 6.3 C 6 Changes: if important, make a Variant Title Note (246) or Parallel and Other Title Information Note (500) about changes in other title information (e.g., a subtitle that is changed) on later issues (A12.7B6.2). See the rule for details about Other title information: Definition and source Background Other title information that must be transcribed Acronym/initialism The statement of responsibility is embedded in the other title information Other title information that is supplied by the cataloger Other title information that may be transcribed in the title statement, given as a note, or omitted Subtitles Titles other than the title proper When to give access to other title information (field 246) Summary: "Decide whether information given on the chief source constitutes other title information: then decide whether to record the other title information in the title statement. Always record other title information that contains the statement of responsibility, that consists of an acronym or initialism, or that is supplied according to AACR2R 1.1E6. In other cases, record other title information in the title statement, in a note, or omit it, depending on its value in identifying the serial." 3.2-26 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Varying form of title 246 246 12 $aself-government under war pressure$f1941 3 Other title: (indexed, display constant in note Not used for monographs): 246 13 $agovernment, the citizens' business$f1939 246 13 $aexplorations in citizenship$f1940 246 13 $aself-government under war pressure$f1941 4 Cover title: (indexed, display constant in note): 246 14 $aproceedings of the... Annual Glass Symposium 5 Added title page title: (indexed, display constant in note): 246 15 $apopulation and housing census in Goteborg 6 Caption title: (indexed, display constant in note): 246 16 $apacific and its wonders$f1954-56 7 Running title: (indexed, display constant in note): 246 17 $aworldwide P&I$fMAR./Apr. 1973-8 Spine title: (indexed, display constant in note): 246 18 $arailroad economic survey$f1956-58 Subfields $a Title proper (NR).$n Number of part or section (R).$p Name of part or section (R) #:$b Remainder of title (NR) $f Designation of volume/issue no. and/or date (NR) $g( ) Miscellaneous (NR) $i Display text (NR) Related fields 245 A 246 contains varying forms of the title of the work, (e.g., a title found on the spine or cover of a book, or a portion of the title proper). 246 is a repeatable field, so you may add as many as you think are needed to assist patrons to find a resource. The indicators in this field are very important, because the 246 doubles as both a note and an access point (added title added entry). We used to use 740 for added title added entries, but have switched to using 246 instead. We now only use 740 for related and analytical title added entries that are not under authority control (see 740). When we were using the 740 for all added title added entries, we had to also enter a 500 note to explain where we got that 740 from: 245 10 $atimmy tiger's new day in the forest 500 $acover title: New day in the forest. 740 01 $anew day in the forest. OPAC display: Title: Note: Add. title: Timmy tiger's new day in the forest Cover title: New day in the forest. New day in the forest With the 246, we can use the indicators to produce a labeled note, instead of Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.2-39

246 Varying form of title having to enter a separate one: 245 10 $atimmy tiger's new day in the forest 246 14 $anew day in the forest OPAC display: Title: Timmy tiger's new day in the forest Cover title: New day in the forest Indicator 1 values specify whether the 246 title is shown in an OPAC record display, and whether it is indexed (searchable). Indicator 2 values determine whether a special explanatory label is displayed with the variant title. Indicator 1 = '0' tells the library automation system to display the 246 but not make it searchable. This is useful when we are simply adding descriptive information and do not need an additional heading for that information: 246 0 $isubtitle on t.p. verso:$avoyage in images The verso subtitle in this example is informative and descriptive and so we want to display it to the patrons but it is not something that someone is likely to search by, and so we do not index it. Indicator 1 = '1' tells the system to both display the 246 and make it searchable; it is commonly combined with an indicator 2 value when we need to 'explain' the source of an added title added entry: 245 10 $aon mythology /$cselected and introduced by Robert A. Segal. 246 18 $ajung on mythology OPAC display: Title: On mythology / selected and introduced by Robert A. Segal. Spine title: Jung on mythology In the example above, we explain that "Jung" came from the spine title (see Indicator 2 = '8' below). We display this variant title because we do not want a patron to view a record and not see the search term that found that record. Indicator 1 = '2' tells the system not to show the 246 and not to make it searchable either. This seems rather pointless unless you want to keep the 246 in your record but 'turn it off'. For example, if your system has a synonym list that searches '&' and 'and' interchangeably, then the 246 below will be useless to your system, but you might want to keep it handy in case you need it in your next system: 245 00 $akayaking & canoeing 246 2 $akayaking and canoeing Watch out for a '2' in this indicator position. In many systems, remember that this will 'turn off' the field, rendering it useless. Indicator 1 = '3' tells the system not to show the 246 but to make it searchable. You would use this value when you do not need to explain how you came up with an added title added entry: 245 04 $athe Berkeley book of modern writing 246 30 $amodern writing 3.2-40 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Varying form of title 246 246 $i Display text Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Preceding punctuation None Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Optional Repeatable No 246$i contains text to be displayed as a label rather than the label that would be produced by one of the display constant indicators. It precedes subfield $a: 245 10 $ain the teeth of the evidence$h[sound recording] /$cby Dorothy L. Sayers. 246 1 $icontainer title:$ain the teeth of the evidence and other mysteries The $i will display as a note but will not be not indexed, while the $a will both display and be indexed. 246 $a Variant title Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Preceding punctuation None Input standards LC: Full Mandatory Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Mandatory / Mandatory Repeatable No 246$a contains the variant title of a work: 245 04 $athe insiders' guide to California's wine country. 246 30 $aguide to California's wine country Whenever you are entering a variant title (246$a), also think about whether you might need another 246 for a variation on it: 245 14 $aray Charles genius & soul 246 3 $aray Charles genius and soul 246 30 $agenius & soul 246 3 $agenius and soul Omit initial articles from titles in 246$a. Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.2-53

246 Varying form of title 246.$n Number of part or section Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Preceding punctuation Period (.$n) Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable Yes 246$n contains a part or section number or letter that qualifies a variant title: 245 00 $arapanese.$nseries 3$h[sound recording] :$bthe musical method of learning Spanish. 246 1 $icontainer title:$amusical method of learning Spanish.$nSeries 3 A 'numbered' part can be either numeric or alphabetic, e.g., Part 1, or Supplement A. 246.$p Name of part or section Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Preceding punctuation Period when following $a (.$p) Comma when following $n (,$p) Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable Yes 246$p contains a part or section title that qualifies the variant title: 245 00 $aready for school.$ptoddler$h[electronic resource]. 246 14 $afisher-price Ready for school.$ptoddler Omit initial articles from titles in 246$a. 246 :$b Remainder of title Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Preceding punctuation Space colon (#:$b other title information) Space equals sign (#=$b parallel title) Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable No 246$b contains the remainder of the variant title, e.g., a subtitle, parallel title or other title information: 245 10 $arowan Atkinson /$cbruce Dessau. 246 14 $abean there done that :$bthe life and times of Rowan Atkinson 246 30 $alife and times of Rowan Atkinson 245 00 $abig deal on Madonna Street$h[videorecording]. 246 1 $icontainer title:$ai Soliti ignoti=$bpersons unknown 3.2-54 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)

Varying form of title 246 246 $f Dates or sequential designations Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Preceding punctuation None Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable No 246$f contains the designations of the volumes or issue numbers and/or dates to which the variant title information applies. It is used only for continuing resources (serials and integrating resources). It appears to be used only when a display constant indicator is being used for display text instead of a subfield $i: 245 10 $ayear in review /$cnational Institute of Justice. 246 17 $anij year in review$f1997- If subfield $i is being used for display text, designation information should be used with that text instead of in a separate $f: 246 1 $icontainer title, 1953-1968:$aStatesman's year book 246 $g( ) Miscellaneous Rule A1.7B4 ; L21.30J Source of information (1.7A2) Any source Enclosing punctuation Parentheses $g( ) Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable No 246$g contains information that does not fit in other subfields. It is used primarily for continuing resources (serials and integrating resources). It appears to be used when a display constant indicator is being used for display text instead of subfield $i: 245 00 $athrust. 246 13 $athrust for educational leadership$g(varies slightly) If subfield $i is being used for display text, miscellaneous information should be used with that text instead of in a separate $g: 245 00 $athrust. 246 1 $icontainer title varies slightly:$athrust for educational leadership f Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004) 3.2-55

250 Edition statement 250 Edition statement Rule A1.2 Source of information BK (2.0B2) Title page or title page substitute (if no title page is available), other preliminaries [including title page verso and cover], colophon ER (9.0B2) The resource itself (title screen, main menu, program statement, initial display of info., home page, file header, or encoded metadata) or its physical carrier & labels whichever has a coll. title and the most complete info. SR (6.0B2) Physical carrier and label(s), accompanying textual material, container VD (7.0B2) Title screens, physical carrier and label(s), accompanying material, container (box) SE (12.0B2) First issue or first available issue: Print: Title page or title page substitute (if no title page available), other preliminaries [including title page verso and cover], colophon Non-print: See the appropriate type of material End of field punctuation Period Input standards LC: Full Required if applicable Input standards OCLC: Full/Min Required if applicable / Required if applicable Repeatable No Indicators Blank Undefined Subfields $a Edition statement (NR) #/$b Statement of responsibility relating to the edition (NR) Related fields 500 Edition and History Note A 250 contains an edition statement to distinguish one edition from another edition of a particular work, e.g., ' edition', ' issue', or ' version'. It can also contain a statement about the responsibility for the particular edition. Data in this field is transcribed as given on the resource, but not exactly as given, see A1.2B1 below. 250 is not a repeatable field, so if there is more than one edition statement on a resource, LC CPSO says you will have to choose the most useful one to be provided in the 250, and enter the other statement as a 500 Edition and History Note, e.g.: 250 $a2nd ed. 500 $a"1st trade paperback ed."--t.p. verso. Also consider using a 500 Edition and History Note instead of 250 for a statement that does not fit well in a 250 (For example, wording that does not clearly indicate edition or that needs clarification): 500 $aunabridged. 500 $arev. ed. of: 3.2-56 Cataloging with AACR2 and MARC21 (8/30/2004)