Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College Laboratory Manual CONSUMER ELECTRONICS For Final Year (ECT) Students Manual made by Prof.S.A.Annadate Author JNEC, Aurangabad
MGM S Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College N-6, CIDCO, Aurangabad Department of Electronics &Telecommunication Vision of the Department: To develop GREAT technocrats and to establish centre of excellence in the field of Electronics and Telecommunications. Global technocrats with human values Research and lifelong learning attitude, Excellent ability to tackle challenges Awareness of the needs of society Technical expertise Mission of the Department: 1. To provide good technical education and enhance technical competency by providing good infrastructure, resources, effective teaching learning process and competent, caring and committed faculty. 2. To provide various platforms to students for cultivating professional attitude and ethical values. 3. Creating a strong foundation among students which will enable them to pursue their career choice.
FOREWORD It is my great pleasure to present this laboratory manual for final year engineering students for the subject of Consumer Electronics Lab keeping in view understanding required for working of different electronic products. As a student, many of you may be wondering with some of the questions in your mind regarding the subject and exactly what has been tried is to answer through this manual. Faculty members are also advised that covering these aspects in initial stage itself, will greatly relive them in future as much of the load will be taken care by the enthusiasm energies of the students once they are conceptually clear. H.O.D.
LABORATORY MANUAL CONTENTS This manual is intended for the final year students of engineering in the subject of Consumer Electronics Lab. This manual typically contains practical/lab Sessions related to Consumer Electronics Lab covering various Electronic products to enhanced understanding. As per the syllabus, various electronics circuits and their design are given. Data sheets are attached wherever required. Students are advised to thoroughly go through this manual rather than only topics mentioned in the syllabus as practical aspects are the key to understanding and conceptual visualization of theoretical aspects covered in the books. Good Luck for your Enjoyable Laboratory Sessions Prof.S.A.Annadate
SUBJECT INDEX 1. DO s and DON Ts in Laboratory. 2. Lab Exercise 1. To study CD/DVD player 2. To study mobile handset trainer 3. To study PA System 4. To study DTH TV 5. To study Close Circuit TV (CCTV) 6. To study cordless telephone system 7. Fault finding in colour television receiver 8. To study EPBAX System 9. To study ATM Machine 3. Quiz on the subject 4. Conduction of VIVA-VOCE Examinations: - 5. Evaluation and marking system: -
DO s and Don ts in Laboratory: 1. Do not handle the equipment without reading the instructions/instruction manuals. 2. Read carefully the power ratings of the equipment before it is switched on. For Indian equipments, the power ratings are normally230v/50hz.if you have equipment with115v/60hz ratings do not insert power plug, as our normal power supply is 230V/50Hz,Which will damage the equipment. 3. Observe the type of sockets to avoid mechanical damage. 4. Do not forcefully place the connectors. 5. Strictly observe the instructions given by the teacher/lab instructor. Instruction for Laboratory Teachers: 1. Lab work completed during prior session should be corrected during the next lab session. 2. Students should be guided and helped whenever they face difficulties. 3. The promptness of submission should be encouraged by way of marking and evaluation patterns that will benefit the sincere students.
Experiment No: 1 Aim: - To study CD/DVD player. Apparatus: - CD player trainer kit, Audio/Video input source, CRO and multimeter. Block Diagram: Figure 1.1: Block diagram of a CD/DVD player
Theory: - 1. What is a Compact Disc (CD)? 2. What is a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)? 3. What are the specifications of CD and DVD? 4. What are the different sections of CD/DVD player? Explain. 5. What is a principle of optical recording on CD/DVD? 6. What is a principle of playback from CD/DVD? Procedure: - 1. Connect the supply and switch on Audio/Video CD Player. 2. Switch on Audio/Video CD Player in Play mode. 3. Observe/Measure the signal wave parameters at different test points of different sections. 4. Repeat step 3 for different sections. Conclusion: - Digital data (Audio/Video in binary form) can be recorded and reproduced by using a single optical mechanism. Audio and video signals are processed separately and added together for recording and vice versa.
Experiment No: 2 Aim: - To study mobile handset trainer. Apparatus: - Mobile phone trainer kit (ST2132), SIM Card, CRO and multimeter. Block Diagram: Figure 2.1: Block diagram of a basic Mobile handset Theory: - 1. What are the different sections of basic mobile handsets? Explain. 2. What are the Smart phones? 3. What are the different operating systems used in Smart phones? 4. Compare and contrast the Android, Windows and IOS?
Procedure: - 1. Insert the SIM card in slot given on trainer kit. 2. Switch on the trainer kit. 3. Observe the response of a particular section on trainer kit using fault switch. 4. Repeat step 3 for different sections. Conclusion: - The basic functions of mobile handset like calling, messaging are studied and different AT commands of GSM are executed.
Experiment No: 3 Aim: - To study PA System. Apparatus: PA system, CRO and multimeter. Block Diagram: Mixer Voltage Amplifier Process Circuits Driver Amplifier Power Amplifier Figure 3.1: Block diagram of a PA system Theory: - 1. What is a PA system? 2. What are the different sections of PA system? Explain. 3. What are the applications of PA system? 4. Explain PA system for Auditorium. Procedure: - 1. Connect the supply and switch on System. 2. Apply the input signals to mixer. 3. Observe/Measure the signal wave parameters at different test points of different sections. 4. Repeat step 3 for different sections. Conclusion: - Waveforms of different blocks of PA system are observed on CRO and also observed the effect of variation in gain and effect of noise on the performance.
Experiment No: 4 Aim: - To study Direct to Home (DTH). Block Diagram: Theory: - Figure 4.1: Block diagram of a DTH 1. What is a DTH? 2. What are the specifications of DTH system? 3. What are the different sections of DTH? Explain. 4. What are the different service providers for DTH in India? Conclusion: - The block diagram and principle operation of DTH are studied. The specifications of various service provider of DTH are also discussed.
Experiment No: 5 Aim: - To study Closed Circuit Television. Apparatus: CCTV kit, CRO and multimeter. Block Diagram: Figure 5.1: Block diagram of a CCTV Theory: - 1. What is a CCTV? 2. What are the different sections of CCTV? Explain. 3. What are the applications of CCTV?
Procedure: - 1. Connect the supply and switch on System. 2. Connect the Camera at the input. 3. Connect microphone at the audio signal. 4. Observe/Measure the signal wave parameters at different test points of different sections. 5. Repeat step 4 for different sections. Conclusion: - The waveforms of Composite video signal and audio signal are observed on CRO. Also the baseband signal (unmodulated) as well as modulated signal (RF) is observed on television receiver.
Experiment No: 6 Aim: - To study Cordless telephone system. Apparatus: Cordless telephone transmitter and receiver kit, CRO and multimeter. Block Diagram: Figure 6.1: Block diagram of a cordless telephone transmitter
Figure 6.2: Block diagram of a cordless telephone receiver Theory: - 1. What are the advantages of cordless telephone over PSTN? 2. What are the different sections of cordless telephone transmitter? Explain. 3. What are the different sections of cordless telephone receiver? Explain. 4. Which type of modulation is used in this system? 5. What are the applications of cordless telephone? Procedure: - 1. Connect the supply and switch on System. 2. Apply the input voice signal to transmitter. 3. Observe/Measure the signal wave parameters at different test points of different sections in transmitter and receiver. 4. Repeat step 3 for different sections. Conclusion: - A cordless phone transmitter and receiver work on a principle of FHSS technique. A DTMF of a dialer is also studied.
Experiment No: 7 Aim: - To study colour television receiver. Block Diagram: Theory: - Figure 7.1: Block diagram of a colour TV receiver 1. What are the differences in monochrome and colour television receiver? 2. What are the different systems used for transmission and reception of colour TV signal? 3. What are the different sections of colour TV receiver in PAL system? Explain. 4. What are the different types of colour TV picture tubes? Explain. 5. What are CCIR-B standards for TV transmission? Conclusion: - Various blocks of Colour TV receiver are studied. Also various signals like colour burst signal, chrominance signal and luminance signal are observed on CRO.
Experiment No: 8 Aim: - To study EPBAX System. Block Diagram: Theory: - Figure 8.1: Block diagram of an EPABX system 1. What is an EPBAX system? 2. What are the different sections of EPBAX system? Explain. 3. What are the applications of EPBAX system? 4. What are the different MNC s and Domestic Indian companies which provide EPBAX services? Which are their clients? Conclusion: - A dial tone, ringtone, busy tone and number unobtainable tone are listened. Also observed on CRO and measure its amplitude level and frequencies.
Experiment No: 9 Aim: - To study ATM Machine. Block Diagram: Theory: - Figure 9.1: Block diagram of an ATM Machine 1. What is an ATM Machine? 2. What are the different sections of ATM Machine? Explain. 3. Explain the structure of a smart card used for ATM (Debit Card)? 4. What are the different mechanisms present inside ATM Machine Vault? Conclusion: - The block diagram, principle of working and applications of ATM are studied.
3. Quiz 1. A cordless telephone using separate frequencies for transmission in base and portable units is known as a. duplex arrangement b. half duplex arrangement c. either (a) or (b) d. neither (a) nor (b) 2. VSB modulation is preferred in TV because a. it reduces the bandwidth requirement to half b. it avoids phase distortion at low frequencies c. it results in better reception d. none of the above 3. A woofer should be fed from the input through a a. low pass filter b. high pass filter c. band pass filter d. band stop filter 4. The colour subcarrier and sidebands produced by its modulation with the chrominance signals are accommodated in the standard channel width by the process of a. frequency adjustment b. frequency interleaving c. frequency changing d. frequency amalgamation 5. In colour TV receiver, varactor diode is used for a. detection b. rectification c. tuning d. both (a) and (b) 6. The range of a cordless telephone is about a. 1000 m b. 500 m c. 100 m d. 10 m 7. Degaussing in a picture tube means a. Adding magnetism in mask and mounting frame b. Removing residual magnetism in mask, shield etc... c. Increasing resistance of coils to decrease time constant
d. Decreasing resistance of coils to increase time constant. 8. Some types of traps used in video IF amplifier of colour TV are a. shunt traps b. series traps c. absorption traps d. all of the above 9. In CCIR-B system, the time between start of one H syn. pulse and next is a. 64 μs b. 6.4 μs c. 640 μs d. 0.64 μ 10. The power to the portable unit of a cordless telephone is provided by a. pencil cells b. dry cells c. rechargeable cells d. AC mains 11. In a CD player the speed of CD is a. constant at 500 rpm b. constant at 200 rpm c. varies from 200 to 500 rpm d. none of the above 12. Audio amplifiers need a. Bass control b. Treble control c. Both Bass and Treble control d. Either Bass or Treble control 13. The total number of channels allotted for cellular telephone is a. 666 b. 333 c. 221 d. 111 14. The function of blend control in stereo system is a. to dilute left channel b. to dilute right channel c. to dilute any of the channels d. none of the above 15. In a CD the sampling frequency is nearly
a. half the highest frequency in audio signal b. equal to highest frequency in audio signal c. double the highest frequency in audio signal d. four times the highest frequency in audio signal 16. Which of the following is present in both TRF receiver and superheterodyne receiver? a. Detector b. Mixer c. IF amplifier d. Local oscillator 17. The number of channels in a stereophonic system is a. 8 b. 4 c. 2 d. 1 18. Trinitron is a monochrome picture tube. a. True b. False 19. A tweeter should be fed from the input through a a. low pass filter b. high pass filter c. band pass filter d. band stop filter 20. In TV scanning sequence of lines is a. left to right b. right to left c. left to right for odd fields and right to left for even field d. left to right for even fields and right to left for odd field 21. CATV stands for a. Common Antenna Television b. Community Antenna Television c. Cable Antenna Television d. Channel Antenna Television 22. Trap circuits used in video IF amplifier of colour TV are a. High Q, LC resonant circuit b. Low Q, LC resonant circuit c. High Q, RLC resonant circuit d. Low Q, RLC resonant circuit
23. The contrast control in colour TV receiver is done by a. chroma amplifier b. SAW filter c. video detector d. luminance amplifier 24. In PAL system weighting of R - Y and B - Y signals is done to a. prevent over modulation on saturated colours b. prevent under modulation of saturated colours c. allow over modulation of saturated colours d. allow under modulation on saturated colours 25. In the television system in India, each frame is scanned a. 100 times b. 50 times c. 20 times d. 10 times 26. A video monitor is exactly similar to TV receiver. a. True b. False 27. A remote control of TV uses a 10 bit word. The maximum number of total commands it can transmit is a. 64 b. 256 c. 512 d. 1024 28. Kell factor is about a. 5 b. 3 c. 0.7 d. 0.2 29. The simplest mixer circuit for public address system uses a. fixed resistances b. variable resistances c. inductances d. capacitances
4. Conduction of VIVA-VOCE Examinations: - Teacher should conduct oral exams of the students with full preparation. Normally the objective questions with guess are to be avoided. To make it meaningful, the questions should be such that depth of the student in the subject is tested. Oral Exams are to be conducted in co-cordial situation. Teachers taking oral exams should not have ill thoughts about each other & courtesies should be offered to each other in case of opinion, which should be critically suppressed in front of the students. 5. Evaluation and marking system: - Basic honesty in the evaluation and marking system is essential and in the process impartial nature of the evaluator is required in the exam system. It is a primary responsibility of the teacher to see that right students who really put their effort &intelligence are correctly awarded. The marking pattern should be justifiable to the students without any ambiguity and teacher should see that students are faced with just circumstance.